Unit 11 On becoming a better student练习答案综合教程三

1Unit11OnBecomingaBetterStudentKeytotheExercisesTextcomprehensionI.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatesthepurposeoftheessay.A(Theauthorliststhequalitiesofagoodlearnersoastogivestudentssomeguidelinesonhowtobecomeabetterstudentinsteadofmerelydescribingthequalitiesofagoodlearner.)II.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1.F(RefertoParagraph2.Allthewordsandtheoriesandtechniquesareofnousetostudentswhoyethavetoopenthemselveswithreceptivityandtotakeituponthemselvestopractice.)2.F(RefertoParagraph4.Discoveryis,accordingtoAlbertSzent-Gyorgyi,lookingatthesamethingaseveryoneelsebutthinkingsomethingdifferent,i.e.,arrivingatnewunderstandingsofthingseveryonesees.)3.T(RefertoParagraph6.Accordingtotheauthor,mosteducationdiscouragespeoplefromventuringfarenoughtotakeriskstomakemistakes.)4.F(RefertoParagraph7.Successfulstudentsdonotexpecttobespoon-fed,buttaketheirowninitiative.)5.T(RefertoParagraph9.Oneshouldmaintainhisenthusiasmandlearnnottopushhimselftoohardinhispursuitofknowledge.Becausepatienceisessentialforsuccess;besides,weneedtodevelopothersidesofourlivesaswell.AsF.M.Alexandersaid,Giveuptryingtoohard,butnevergiveup.)III.Answerthefollowingquestions.1.RefertoParagraphs2and3.Accordingtotheauthor,thegenuinelearningprocessrestswiththestudents'owninvestigation,whichisthebestthingateachercanguidehisstudentsto.Shebelievesthatlearningisnotsomuchtheacquisitionofinformationasitisaninvestigation.2.RefertoParagraph5.Yes.Accordingtotheauthor,thereisnoshortcutinlearning;persistenceanddisciplinearerequiredforastudenttoreachtheveryendandsavorthefullflavorofhard-wonsuccess.3.RefertoParagraph6.Itisaproblemwiththecurrenteducationalapproachthatstudentsarediscouragedfromventuringfarenoughtotakeriskstomakemistakes.However,ifpeopletrydifferentapproachesanddothingsthathavenoprecedence,theywillsurelymakemistakeswhich,astheauthorargues,arethesteppingstoneofcreativepeople.4.Itmeansonehastodrophispriorknowledgesoastoabsorbnewknowledge.Ifherefusestodoso,theoldknowledgemayhindertheassimilationofnewknowledge.Italsoimpliesthatoneshouldlearntoappreciateconstructivecriticism,forifheconstantlyfailstotakecriticism,hecanneverknowwherehisweaknessliesandgrowoutofit.25.Listenwithyourwholebodyistogetyourselffullyactivatedbothcognitivelyandphysically.Thatistosay,youhavetobeextremelyattentivetowhattheteachersaysinsteadoflettingyourmindwanderandkeepingyourbodyinert.IV.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.1.Whentheystartschool,childrenarecuriousandreadytotryeverymeanstoexploretheunknown.However,theyenduplosingthepioneeringspiritafteryearsofformaleducation.2.Advancedlearnersarelikelytomakesomemistakes.Forexample,theymaybecomeexcessivelysatisfiedwiththeirprogressor,onthecontrary,puttoomuchpressureonthemselvestoscorefurtherachievements.StructuralanalysisofthetextThefirsttwoparagraphsaretheintroductorypart,inwhichthewriterattemptstoexplainwhatteachingandlearningismeanttobe.Inthesecondpart,Paragraphs3?9,shediscussesthevariousfactorsthatmakeagoodstudent.Inthethirdpart,shegivesadvicetotheaspiringstudent.Thespecialdevicestheauthorusestohighlighthermajorpointsaresometypographicdevices--thekeywordsinboldtorepresentthemostimportantqualitiesofagoodstudentinthesecondpartandthesoliddarkdotthatintroduceseachoftheninetipsinthethirdpart.RhetoricalfeaturesofthetextHereisanexample:Wemayevenhaveexpectationsthattheybeendlessrepositoriesofskillandknowledge(Paragraph1).Theunderlinedpartofthequotedsentenceisaninstanceoftheuseofmetaphoricallanguage,anattempttoputacrosstheideathattheyhavesomuchskillandknowledgethatwecanperpetuallylearnfromthem.Theauthorhascitedfourpeopleinthetext:NobelPrize-winningphysicianAlbertSzent-Gyorgyi(Paragraph4);educatorNeilPostman(Paragraph6);JimSpira,directoroftheInstituteforEducationTherapyinBerkeley,California(Paragraph8);andF.M.AlexanderoftheAlexandertechnique(Paragraph9).Citingtherightlychosenpeoplecertainlystrengthensthewriter'sargument.VocabularyexercisesI.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1.viewagainatanothertimefromadifferentperspective2.withimmensepleasantsurprise3.beprovidedwithreadyanswersandideas4.dopioneeringwork5.Don'tlettheknowledgeyouhaveacquiredbeahindrancetoyourlearningofsomethingnewII.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordtakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.31.precedence2.stigma3.proportional4.strain5.pertinent6.injurious7.relevance8.therapyIII.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.substantial2.motivation3.committed4.restrictions5.subtle6.thrilling7.complacently8.unprecedentedIV.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationtakenfromthetext.1.goesoutoftheway2.breakingthrough3.consistsof4.holdonto5.objectto6.liveupto7.gaveup8.basedonV.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.Synonym:demonstrate(reveal,manifest)2.Antonym:flexible3.Antonym:interesting(extraordinary,outstanding)4.Synonym:abandon(yield,renounce)5.Synonym:lead6.Antonym:dissatisfaction(discontentment)7.Antonym:mild(gentle)8.Synonym:harry(pester,harass)VI.