主板个接口识别

藉由主機板之介紹,讓測試新進人員熟悉重要零件及其功能Themainboardhardwareintroductioncanprovidethenewtestingoperatorswiththeinformationofmaincomponentsandfunction.CNRSlotPCISlotGameport/AudioConnectorLPT/COMConectorUSBConnectorKB/MouseConnectorCPUSocketPowerConnectorDIMMmoduleFDDSocketIDESocketBGAChip(南桥)BIOSreflashromBGAChip(北桥)AGPSlotVIA厂商之南/北桥芯片The“VIA“trademarkBGAchips南/北桥VIA厂商BGA芯片Intel厂商之南/北桥芯片The“Intel“trademarkBGAchips南/北桥Intel厂商BGA芯片AMD厂商之南/北桥芯片The“AMD“trademarkBGAchips南/北桥AMD厂商BGA芯片SIS厂商BGA芯片SIS厂商之芯片The“SIS“trademarkBGAchipsnVIDIA厂商BGA芯片nVIDIA厂商之芯片The“nVIDIA“trademarkBGAchips音效功能芯片C-Media8738ADI1881AALC201AVIA-VT1611A各厂商之音效芯片Theaudiofunctionchipset:C-media/ADI1881A/ALC201A/VIAVT1611A网络功能芯片Intel82550LANchip各厂商之网络芯片TheLANfunctionchipset:RTL8100/RTL8139/Intel82550振荡器(Crystal)振荡器(Crystal)14.318MHZ/32.768MHZ/66.66MHZ….提供各种BGA和Chipset所需频率Crystal:14.318MHZ/32.768MHZ/66.66MHZ….ItgeneratetheimpulseforBGAandChipset.振荡IC(ClockGen)振荡IC(ClockGen)例:W156H,W83194….將14.318MHZClock转换成主板所需之各頻率ClockGen–EX:W156H,W83194….TochangethefrequencyoftheM/Bfromcrystal(14.318MHZ)Pentium及CeleronCPU所使用之CPU脚座(Socket370)TheSocket370isuserforPentium&CeleronCPU.PGA370CPUSocket(PGA370)CPUSocket(Socket423)Pentium4之423pinCPU所使用之CPU脚座(Socket423)TheSocket423isuserforPentium4–423pinCPU.Socket423CPUSocket(PGA478)Pentium4之478pinCPU所使用之CPU脚座(PGA478)ThePGA478isuserforPentium4–478pinCPU.PGA478AMDCPU脚座(Socket462),其与Pentium及CeleronCPU所使用之脚座(Socket370)有一些脚位不同,于测试时需要特别注意,分类.TheAMDusesacupsocketcalled462isdifferentfromthecupsocketsofthePentium&Celeroncalled370.ThedifferentofthetwotypesocketsNeedtobepaidmoreattention.标红圈之处,并无接脚位.测试人员应使用AMDCPU,須特別注意.SOCKET462CPUSocket(SOCKET462)主板上电源插座(POWERConnector)Themainboardprovidesthepowerconnector.POWERCONNECTOR主板上所插内存之腳座ThememorybankisusedforaDIMMmodule.DIMMModule硬盘或光驱数据线所插之腳座(IDE)TheIDEConnectorsareusedforHDD&CD-ROM.IDESocket软驱数据线所插之脚座(FDD)TheFDDConnectorisusedforastandardfloppydisk.FDDSocket显卡所插之AGP插槽,但須注意其有2X及4X之差异TheAGPslotisusedforinstallingtheAGPcard.Thedifferentof2X&4Xmustbepaidattention.2X及4X脚座其标示之处结构不同,須特別注意AGPSlot主板上供扩充的PCI插槽,例如PCI之声卡或网卡……等等.TheexpansionslotisforthePCItypeofsoundorVGAcards.PCISlot数据卡(modemcard:CNR)之插槽,其与另一种規格之AMR有所差异,須特別注意.Theslotofmodemcards,itisdifferentfromanothertypeofAMR.CNRSlot数据卡(Audio/ModemRiserCard:AMR)之插槽Theslotofmodemcard(AMR)AMRSlotCNRAMR红线标示之处为AMR及CNR在长度及结构差异之处,需注意.TheslotofAMR&CNRmustpayattentiontotheDifferencebetween.主板上之键盘(Keyboard)及鼠标(Mouse)之插头,上为鼠标接头,下为键盘接头,需注意.AKeyboard&Mouseconnector,thetopportisusedforthemouse;thebottomportisusedforthekeyboard.接鼠标接键盘KB/MouseConnector另一种传输操作介面---USB插头TheanothertypeofI/Ointerface,thatisappliedforUSB.USBConnectorLANConnectorLanConnector传输操作介面---LAN插头ThePCIinterface,thatisappliedforLAN.主板上(LPT),可以连接打印机….等等.LPTConnectorCOM口COMConnector主板上集成显卡接口VGAConnector主板上之摇杆及音效之插头,上为摇杆插头;下为音效接頭头.其顺序为:红(麦克风);蓝(输入端);绿（输出端).Thejoystick&audioportconnector.Thetopportistheconnectorforjoystick.Thebottomportisforaudiooutput.Byorder,theredistheconnectorformicrophone,theblueisforoutput,andthegreenisforinput.Gameport头麦克风端输入端输出端Gameport/AudioConnector主板上基本输入输出设备(BIOSReflashRom)TheCMOSRAM:TheRAMtypeofcomponentprovidestheinput/outputbasicsystemconfiguration.BIOSReflashRom