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0转向系统介绍Steeringsystemintroduction1目录Catalog1、转向系统构成Steeringsystem2、转向系统工作原理SteeringsystemPrinciple3、转向器SteeringGear4、转向液压原理Steeringhydraulicprinciple5、转向泵Pump6、转向油壶Oilreservoir2转向系统构成Steeringsystem12345678910111、方向盘Hand-Wheel2、转向管柱带传动轴总成steeringcolumnandshaftassy3、循环球式动力转向器recirculationrollerpowergear4、转向垂臂pitmanarm5、转向直拉杆draglink6、转向节臂knucklearm7、横拉杆臂tierodarm8、转向横拉杆tierod9、转向管路steeringhosesystem10、转向油壶reservoir11、转向泵pump3转向系统工作原理SteeringsystemPrinciple1、转向系统的用途是在驾驶员的操纵下控制汽车行驶的方向;Thepurposeofthesteeringsystemisguidingthecarwherethedriverwantsittogo.2、这些零部件前后移动或者转动,可以使汽车改变运动方向;Theyenablethecartochangethedirectionbymeansogturningandmovingforthandback.3、转向器的作用是把方向盘的旋转运动变为连杆机构的直线运动;Thesteeringgearisadeviceforconvertingtherotarymotionofthesteeringwheelintostraight-linemotion(oflinkage).4、实现这种功能要通过调节转向横拉杆或转向直拉杆的长度,这样才能使前轮有适应的定位;Alltoothedrollerhavesomemeamsofadjustingthelengthsogthetierodsorlinkssothatproperalignmentcanbeestablishedbetweenthefrontwheels.5、动力转向是独立的系统,所有的液压力都施加在转向垂臂上;Onetypeisself-contained,withallhydraulicpressureappliedtothepitmanarmshaft.6、在转阀的控制下,压力油被输送到油缸的两侧;Thepressurizedoilisadmittedtoeithersideofthepowercylinderascntrolledbyavalvingsetup.7、油压由高压油泵提供,通过发动机驱动油泵。Oilpressureisprovidedbyahighoilpumpthat,generally,isdrivenbytheengine.4转向器SteeringGearModel型号ZF8098Frontaxleload前桥载荷(t)>6.0Ratio速比22.2-26.2PressurePmax最大压力(bar)170±10Maxoutoputtorque最大输出扭矩(Nm(η=0.9))Atα=0°Atα=48°64797618Weight重量(kg)425转向液压原理SteeringhydraulicprincipleA壳体housingB活塞PistonC转阀/输入轴Rotaryvalve/InputaxisD阀套/蜗杆Valveslide/WormE扭力杆TorsionbarF输出轴SectorshaftG卸荷阀PressurereliefvalveH补偿阀ReplenishingvalveQ油壶OilreservoirR转向泵PumpS限流阀Flowlimitingvalve直线行驶Lineardriving在发动机的驱动下转向泵向转向机提供所需的压力油。因此,助力油在转向泵的作用下被从油壶吸出经过转向机后再流回油壶。Thepumpisdrivenbytheenginetoprovidetherequiredpressureoiltothesteeringgear.Therefore,theoilinthesteeringpumpundertheactionofbeingsuckedoutfromtheoilreservoiraftersteeringandreturnedtotheoilreservoir.6转向液压原理SteeringhydraulicprincipleJ进油槽radialgrooveK进油槽radialgrooveL回油槽returnoilcontrolgroovesM回油槽returnoilcontrolgroovesN轴向槽axialgroovesO轴向槽axialgroovesP回油槽returnoilcontrolgrooves右转方向Rightdirection当方向盘向右转动时,活塞将向右侧移动,在左侧动力腔内将建立起一个转向所需的压力。Whenthesteeringwheelisturnedtotheright,thepistonwillmovetotheright,andthepressurewillbesetupintheleftpowerchamber.转阀顺时针方向偏转,进油槽(K)的开度变大,允许油液进入。同时,进油槽(J)关闭,以防油液进入到轴向槽(O)。Theturningvalveisinaclockwisedirection,andtheopeningoftheradialgroove(K)islarge,allowingtheoiltoenter.Atthesametime,theradialgroove(J)isclosedtopreventoilfromenteringintotheaxialgrooves(O).此时油液将通过进油槽(K)进入阀套上的轴向槽(N),然后刘静滚珠丝杆进入左侧的动力腔。进油槽(J)关闭,以防油液流回油壶,在左侧动力腔内建立起压力。Atthispointtheoilwillpassthroughtheradialgroove(K)intothevalvesleeveontheaxialgrooves(N),andthenLiuJingballscrewintotheleftsideofthepowerchamber.Anradialgroove(J)closed,topreventtheoilintothepot,setupthepressureintheleftpowercavity.右侧动力腔中的油液将被排出,通过打开的回油槽(M)流入转阀上的回油槽(P),然后通过转阀及蜗杆上的油孔流回到油壶。Rightpowercavityintheoilwillbedischarged,throughtheopenbacktoreturnoilcontrolgrooves(M)inflowvalveonthebackofreturnoilcontrolgrooves(P),thentransferredthroughtheoilholeinthevalveandthewormflowsbackintotheoilreservoir.7转向液压原理SteeringhydraulicprincipleJ进油槽radialgrooveK进油槽radialgrooveL回油槽returnoilcontrolgroovesM回油槽returnoilcontrolgroovesN轴向槽axialgroovesO轴向槽axialgroovesP回油槽returnoilcontrolgrooves左转方向Leftdirection当方向盘向左运动时,活塞将向左移动,在右侧动力腔内将建立起压力。Whenthesteeringwheelmovestotheleft,thepistonwillmovetotheleft,andthepressurewillbeestablishedintherightchamber.此时转阀逆时针方向转动,油液通过打开的进油槽(J)进入到轴向槽(O),然后达到右侧的动力腔。Atthispointtherotationofthevalvecounterclockwise,theoilthroughtheoilintotheradialgroove(J)intotheaxialgrooves(O),andthentotherightsideofthepowerchamber.左侧动力腔排出的油液经过滚珠丝杠以及打开的回油槽(L)流回到转阀的回油槽(P),然后通过转阀及蜗杆上的中心孔流回到油壶。Leftsidepowerdischargecavityofoilthroughtheballscrewandopenbacktothereturnoilcontrolgrooves(L)toflowbacktotherotaryvalvereturnoilcontrolgrooves(P),andthenthroughtheturnbacktotheoilercenterholeofthevalveandtheoilreservoir.8转向限位阀工作原理SteeringlimitvalveworkngT限位阀右侧阀芯LimitvalveontherightsideofthespoolU限位阀左侧阀芯LimitvalveontheleftsideofthespoolV右侧动力腔RightsidepowerchamberW左侧动力腔LeftsidepowerchamberX右侧调节螺钉RightadjustingscrewY左侧调节螺钉Leftadjustingscrew液压转向限位装置,是防止转向机以最大压力转至锁止位置,从而保护转向泵、转向杆系以及防止系统油温过高。Hydraulicsteeringlimitingdevice,preventasteeringmachinetothemaximumpressuretransferredtothelockingposition,therebyprotectingthesteeringpump,steeringlinkageandtopreventtheoiltemperatureofthesystemistoohigh.双作用转向限位阀有两个承受弹簧载荷的阀芯(T和U),它们纵向布置在活塞内。阀芯突出活塞左右两侧的端面。Doubleactingsteeringlimitvalvehastwovalvecore(TandU),whichisarrangedinthepiston.Valvecoretohighlightthesideoftheendofthepiston.当活塞移动到右侧或者左侧锁止点时,阀芯(T和U)被安装在壳体和缸筒盖上的调节螺钉(X和Y)促动,原处于关闭状态的阀芯被打开。Whenthepistonmovestotherightorleftsideofthelockpoint,thevalvecore(TandU)isinstalledintheshellandcylindercoverontheadjustmentscrew(YandX)topromote,theoriginalintheclosedstateofthevalveisopened.以活塞向右移动为例,在活塞到达终点位置前,右阀芯将定到调节螺栓(X)上,阀芯(U)打开,油液从动力腔(W)流入动力腔(V),然后进入回油路。Tothepistontomovetotheright,forexample,inthepistontotheendposition,therightvalvewillbesettoadjustthebolt(X),the
本文标题:重型卡车转向系统-中英文版 2015-11
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