The Attributive Clause(高考英语定语从句)

GrammarHeisthemanthat/whowantstoseeyou.定语从句（AttributiveClauses）定义：在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。定语从句的特点：定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词的后面。先行词关系词(在从句中充当主语)1.位置：2.先行词：3.关系词（引导词）：1.I’llneverforgetthedaysthatweworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.whenthatFindoutthemistakesinthesentencesandcorrectthem.错误分析:关系代词和关系副词使用混淆关系代词在从句中所作的成分指代例句thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas主语或宾语主语或宾语指物指物指人指人指人指物主语宾语定语用于限制性的定语从句such…as…,thesame...as...,as...as...结构中,用于非限制性定语从句中指代整个句子，有“正如”之意。Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.指人thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasjim’ssister.ThecomputerwhichisbeingusedhereismadeinBeijing.theletter(which)Ireceivedwasfrommybrother.Herecomesthegirlwhowantstoseeyou.Thisistheboy(whom/who)yousawjustnow.Tomistheboywhosemotherisalawyer.Thebookwhosecoverisblueismine.作宾语时可以省略用作宾语时可以省略可以省略用who,whom,that,which,whose,as填空1.Thehouse______windowsfacetothenorthbelongstohim.2.Theman________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.Theman______iswalkingintheplaygroundismyoldfriend.4.Takethebook_______islyingonthetable.5.Sheissuchagirl_____isalwaysfindingfaultwithotherpeople.whosewho/whom/thatwho/thatwhich/thatas关系副词在从句中所作的成分指代例句whenwherewhy状语状语状语时间地点原因In1998,hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewup.IstillrememberthedaywhenImethimforthefirsttime.Thereasonwhyhemissedthespeechwasthathedidn’tcatchthebus.用that,whenwhy,where,which填空1.Iwanttoknowthedate____youwereborn.2.Ihaveforgottenthedate_________youtoldme.3.Doyouknowthereaon_____heisabsenttoday?4.Thatisthereason________Iwanttoknow.5.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.6.Thisisthefactory____hisfatherbuilt.whenthat/whichwhywhat/whichwherethat/whichIwillneverforgettheday__________Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词when(which/that)(which/that)where1.Theman___________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Achild__________parentsaredeadiscalledTom.3.Couldyoutellmethereason______youarelate.4.Idon’tknowtheboy__________youtalkedwith.5.Beijingistheplace________Icame.6.Gonearethedays____weusedforeignoil.巩固性训练：用关系词填空who/thatwhose(whom/that)wherewhywhenRemember:引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。判断并翻译下列句子1.ThereisaTVprogrammewhichshowstheBritishintypicalsituationswheretheywouldbeperfectlyjustifiedincomplaining,buttheydon’t.2.AmericansandotherEuropeans,whoaremuchmoredirectandin-your-facethantheBritish,oftenwonderwhyBritishpeoplealwayssay‘sorry’or‘excuseme’whentheycomplain.3.TheGreenDesertgardencentre,whichcoversmorethan5,000squaremetresofland,containsanimpressivecollectionofover3,000palmtrees.4.Ihavebecomequitefamiliarwiththewaythiscompanyworks.5.MalonepointstoIBM,Apple,andCiscosystems,allofwhomhavechangedtheircorebusinestomeetfutureneeds.6.Therestofthebusinessisoperatedbyacloudofuserswhoaddcontentandonlysometimesparticipateinthecompany’soperations.7.Atreewhichismotestablishedmaysufferduringtransportationfromthegardencentreenvironment,whichitisusedto,toitsnewhome,whetherindoorsorinthegarden.考点1：that&which1.Doyouhaveanything_______youdon’tunderstand?2.Theonlything________wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3.Whoistheman__________isstandingthere?4.Herbag,in______sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich•(1)先行词被①形容词最高级；②序数词；③theonly,thevery,theright,thesame修饰时。ThisistheonlybookthatIboughttoday.•(2)先行词为all,everything,something,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时。Isthisallthatisleft？•(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。Lookatthemanandhishorsethatarewalkingupthestreet.关系代词which和that的区别•在定语从句中,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which:•(4)先行词在从句中作表语。Maryisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.•(5)当主句中含有疑问词which或who时,为避免重复，常用that代替who或which。Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?•(6)主句以therebe开头时ThereislittlethatIcandotomakeupforthelosttime.1.在介词提前的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunusedtolive.2.Which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。Shefailedtheexam,whichmadeherparentsvaryangry.只能用which而不能用that的情况：考点2：非限制性定语从句1.Iwalkedinourgarden,______TomandJimweretryingabigsignontoonelofthetrees.2.AllofasuddenherhandicapwasgoneandallIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,______smilejustmeltedmeandalmostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.3.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_______madeherfeellikeastar.wherewhosewhich*并不是只有which才能引导非限制性从句（where,when,who,whom,whose,as等都可引导，而what不能引导定语从句，它引导名词性从句。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开用逗号“，”与主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语：“…的”通常译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上1.作宾语时可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whom句型转换1.Thatishisfather,andheworksinshanghai.=thatishisfather,_____workdinshanghai.2.Iliketheboy,whoisverylovely.=Iliketheboy,__________isverylovely.3.Hetoldmeastoryyesterday,andIthinkitisveryinteresting.=Hetoldmeastoryyesterday,_____Ithinkisveryinteresting.4.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.=thisisthescientist,theachievenentsof______arewellknown.w