语法课---宾语从句

TheObjectClause宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。重点和难点1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、直接引语和间接引语3、宾语从句中时态的变化由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句note：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________?（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）5.Doyouknow_________________________(地球和月亮哪一个比较小）6.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）7.Canyoutellme_______________?（他在哪儿）8.Couldyoutellme______________________?（我该怎么去车站）9.Wouldyoutellme_________________?（为什么火车迟到了）由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclasswhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate?whichissmaller,theearthorthemoon?由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tonyisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.HesaysthatTonyisagoodstudent.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepostoffice?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepostoffice.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tonysaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey____________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MrCaitoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________abroadseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdid将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tonysaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tonysaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tonyasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTony?”Theyasked.Tonyaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTonywas.