电动车发展与趋势-毕业论文

黑龙江大学本科学生毕业论文论文题目:我国电动车的现状及发展趋势学院：化学化工与材料学院年级：2006专业：环境科学姓名：米国强学号：20062456指导教师：吕克非2010年5月15日I摘要随着汽车拥有量逐年增加，汽车废气排放及对石油资源的过度消耗所引发的环境、能源问题日益严重。控制汽车废气污染及石油的替代能源已成为亟待解决的课题。因此近几十年来，世界各国政一直努力致力于研究开发和推广使用各种低排放或零排放汽车，以解决空气污染问题。电动车是以电力作为能源、由电动机驱动的机动车辆，电动车是典型的零排放车，是目前最具开发潜力的绿色交通工具。我国电动车的现状是：由于电池的限制和成本过高，使得电动汽车无法量产和应用。而电动自行车由于成本低，得以迅猛发展。研究低成本高效电池和社会充电系统是今后我国电动汽车的发展趋势。关键词环境保护；节能减排；低碳经济；电动车；蓄电池；现状；趋势AbstractWithcarownershipisincreasingyearbyyear,vehicleemissionsandexcessiveconsumptionofpetroleumresourcescausedbytheenvironment,energyissuesbecomeincreasinglyserious.Controlofvehicleemissionpollutionandoilalternativeenergyhasbecomeanurgentissue.Therefore,inrecentdecades,thepoliticalworldhasbeenworkinghardtoresearchanddevelopmentandpromotetheuseofavarietyoflow-emissionorzeroemissionvehicles,inordertosolvetheairpollutionproblem.Electriccarsareelectricityasanenergysource,themotor-drivenvehicles,electricvehiclesisatypicalzero-emissionvehicles,isthemostpotentialfordevelopmentofgreentransport.ThestatusofelectricvehiclesinChinais:Becausethebatterylimitationsandthecosttoohightoallowproductionandelectricvehiclescannotbeapplied.Theelectricbikebecauseoflowcost,rapiddevelopmentpossible.Oflow-cost,highefficiencybatterychargingsystemandsocietyinthefuturedevelopmenttrendofChina'selectriccar.KeywordsEnvironmentalProtection；EnergyConservation；Low-carbonEconomy；ElectricCars；StorageBattery；Situation；Tendency目录摘要..........................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................1第一章引言.............................................................................................................................11.1大气污染与汽车排放.....................................................................................................11.2时代呼唤零排放.............................................................................................................2第二章电动车概述.................................................................................................................32.1什么是电动车.................................................................................................................32.2电动车的种类.................................................................................................................32.3电动车的特点.................................................................................................................52.4电动车发展史话.............................................................................................................62.5电动车发展战略.............................................................................................................9第三章电动车的组成结构...................................................................................................163.1电动车基本结构...........................................................................................................163.2电动车参数...................................................................................................................203.2.1重量和体积参数....................................................................................................203.2.2力参数....................................................................................................................203.3电动车的性能评价.......................................................................................................21第四章电动车心脏的能源系统...........................................................................................234.1电动车的能源特点.......................................................................................................234.2电动车蓄电池...............................................................................................................234.2.1蓄电池的容量.........................................................................................................234.2.2比能量.....................................................................................................................244.2.3比功率.....................................................................................................................254.2.4循环寿命.................................................................................................................254.2.5应用于电动车的主要蓄电池.................................................................................254.3其他新兴的电动车能源系统.......................................................................................274.3.1燃料电池.................................................................................................................274.3.2超大电容器辅助能源系统.....................................................................................284.3.3超高速飞轮储能技术..........................................................................................29第五章电动车的现状...........................................................................................................305.1电动自行车现状分析......