托福讲义-10-托福写作-词汇与句型

IBT写作之语言技巧词汇句型篇甩掉恶心词—近义词替换1必须掌握的同义词big篇：largeadj.大的tremendousadj.巨大的，惊人的massiveadj.巨大的enormousadj.巨大的immeasurableadj.不可估量的immenseadj.巨大的，无限的titanicadj.巨大的近义词替换2必须掌握的同义词small篇：minuteadj.微小的trivialadj.琐碎的，微不足道的unimportantadj.无关紧要的insignificantadj.无关紧要的negligibleadj.可以忽略的近义词替换3必须掌握的同义词many/much篇：numerousadj.众多的plentifuladj.许多的，大量的，丰富的considerableadj.agreatmultitudeof大量的anoverwhelmingnumberof数量上巨大的ahostof一大群的awealthof大量的，丰富的amyriadof大量的，无数的近义词替换4必须掌握的同义词afew/alittle篇：scarceadj.缺乏的，不足的sparseadj.缺乏的，不足的oneortwo几个acoupleof几个ahandfulof少量的aspotof一点点的，少量的asmallquantityof少量的近义词替换5必须掌握的同义词great篇：distinguishedadj.卓越的gloriousadj.辉煌的，壮丽的impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的prominentadj.显著的，卓越的magnificentadj.壮丽的，宏伟的remarkableadj.非凡的，显著的outstandingadj.杰出的近义词替换6必须掌握的同义词important篇：crucialadj.至关重要的essentialadj.重要的leadingadj.主要的pivotaladj.关键的principaladj.重要的cardinaladj.首要的，基本的vitaladj.关键的近义词替换7必须掌握的同义词ability篇：capabilityn.综合能力competencen.胜任能力aptituden.学习能力facultyn.能力geniusn.天赋talentn.才能giftn.天赋近义词替换8必须掌握的同义词opinion篇：idean.注意，见解attituden.态度，看法outlookn.观点，见解perspectiven.观点，想法notionn.看法beliefn.信念pointofview看法近义词替换9必须掌握的同义词make篇：establishv.建立originatev.创始，开创producev.制造，生产manufacturev.制造constructv.建设causev.引起，使……发生forgev.塑造近义词替换10必须掌握的同义词get篇：gainv.获得earnv.赢得obtainv.获得，取得attainv.取得，得到acquirev.获取securev.获得，把……弄到手procurev.获得近义词替换11必须掌握的同义词good篇：excellentadj.优秀的beneficialadj.有利的valuableadj.有价值的comfortableadj.舒服的efficientadj.高效率的convenientadj.方便的healthyadj.健康的近义词替换12必须掌握的同义词bad篇：eviladj.邪恶的harmfuladj.有害的adverseadj.不利的detrimentaladj.有害的disadvantageousadj.处于劣势的，不利的poisonousadj.有毒的，有害的awfuladj.糟糕的，糟透的上下义词1上义词hypernym:awordthatismoregenericthanagivenword下义词hyponym:awordthatismorespecificthanagivenword上下义词21.丰富词汇量2.帮助拓展思路上下义词3studentpersonhumanbeingpupilmiddleschoolstudentundergraduate上下义词4toolstablewarevehiclesinstrumentsspoonschopsticksforkscarsshipsplanesPercussioninstrumentsorchestratruckstractorssedansSUVsMercedesBMWToyotaCameryCorollaCrown上下义词5toolstablewarevehiclesinstrumentsspoonschopsticksforkscarsshipsplanestruckstractorssedansSUVsMercedesBMWToyotaCameryCorollaCrownPercussioninstrumentsorchestra上下义词6toolsvehiclescarssedansToyotaCrown上义词到下义词的演化过程上下义词7toolsvehiclescarssedansToyotaCrown主题句分论点支持分论点的细节上下义词8peoplerelativesteachersclassmatescolleaguesparentsbrotherssistersunclesauntssupervisorssubordinatesmaternalunclespaternaluncleselderlypaternalunclesyoungerpaternaluncles上下义词9peoplerelativesteachersclassmatescolleaguesparentsbrotherssistersunclesauntssupervisorssubordinatesmaternalunclespaternaluncleselderpaternalunclesyoungerpaternaluncles上下义词11peoplerelativesunclespaternalunclesyoungerpaternaluncles主题句分论点支持分论点的细节上下义词12Peoplearedelightedtotalkabouttheirrelatives.Asforme,IwilldefinitelymentionmyuncleLuiswheneverthenamefitsthetopicofaconversation.Heismyfather’syoungerbrother,tightly-closedtomyfamilybydroppinginonmyhouseeveryweekend.Asheissturdy,grey-haired,sparsely-bearded,andfreckled,myneighborsalwayslaughathim.Buthenevergetsangry;instead,hesmileshappilywhenhearingtherumorsandderisivewordsagainsthim.Suchanaffablecharactermakeshimtheheroofmydailyconservation.上下义词13Peoplearedelightedtotalkabouttheirrelatives.Asforme,IwilldefinitelymentionmyuncleLuiswheneverthenamefitsthetopicofaconversation.Heismyfather’syoungerbrother,tightly-closedtomyfamilybydroppinginatmyhouseeveryweekend.Asheissturdy,grey-haired,sparsely-bearded,andfreckled,theneighborsalwayslaughathim.Buthenevergetsangry;instead,hesmileshappilywhenhearingtherumorsandderisivewordsagainsthim.Suchanaffablecharactermakeshimtheheroofmydailyconservation.各类修饰成分前置定状语后置定状语同位语插入语前置定状语1名词名词collegestudentservicecounteryouthhostel前置定状语2形容词名词或代词financialcrisisthemoststrikingone前置定状语3副词动词、形容词、副词、句子TheadventofInternetradicallychangepeople’slives.ThisisaquiteamazingpictureAdditionally,youngstersplayhockeywell.Iclosethedoorterriblyhard.前置定状语4如果你放了我，我会感谢你。Iwillappreciateitifyousetmefree.Iwillsincerelyappreciateitifyousetmefree.Iwillsincerely/wholeheartedly/cordiallyappreciateitifyoutotally/thoroughlysetmefree.Iwillsincerelyappreciateitifyoutotallysetmefree.前置定状语5这栋大楼超出我的想象。Thisbuildingisbeyondmyimagination.Thistallbuildingisbeyondmyimagination.Thistall/huge/gigantic/fantastic/marvelousgorgeous/miraculous/magnificentbuildingisbeyondmyimagination.前置定状语6Thistallandevenhugebuildingisbeyondmywildestimagination.这栋大楼超出我的想象。Thisfantasticandevengorgeousbuildingisbeyondmywildestimagination.Thisfantasticallygorgeousbuildingisbeyondmywildestimagination.前置定状语7必须采取一些措施来改变现状。Measuresmustbetakentochangethecurrentsituation.Good/effective/efficient/practical/drasticmeasuresmustbetakentochangethecurrentsituation.前置定状语8必须采取一些措施来改变现状。Measuresmustbetakentochangethecurrentsituation.Practicalandeffectivemeasuresmustbetakentochangethetragic/awful/deplorablecurrentsituation.后置定状语1什么是长定语和长状语？包含有主动结构或动宾结构的定语和状语分别被称为长定语和长状语后置定状语2一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太做的豆腐老太太做的豆腐老太太做的豆腐一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太后置定状语3一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太做的豆腐后置定状语4一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太做的豆腐Thetofu后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太做的豆腐Thetofumadebyanoldlady后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑的老太太做的豆腐Thetofumadebyanoldladywithfreckles后置定状语5一位脸上长满雀斑