小升初英语衔接班名词专项讲解及练习

Marshall’sEnglishclass小升初名词专项一、定义名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。二、分类一．名词分类专有名词个体名词可数名词（普通名词所表示的普通名词集体名词人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词）物质名词不可数名词（普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，抽象名词事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。）二、名词的数不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词有单数和复数之分，单数变复数形式变化规则如下：1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如：(书)book→books（钢笔）pen→pens（房子）house→houses（天，日子）day→days2.以s,ch,sh,x结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。如：（公交车）bus→buses（玻璃）glass→glasses（手表）watch→watches（盘，碟）dish→dishes（盒子）box→boxes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：（城市）city→cities（身子，身体）body→bodies（工厂）factory→factories等等。（典型例子：“元音字母+y”的名词直接+sboy→boys）4.以f或fe结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half→halvesleaf→leavesknife→kniveswife→wives5.以o结尾的名词分两种情况a.有生命的：+es如：（土豆有生命）potato→potatoes（西红柿有生命）tomato→tomatoesb．无生命的：+s如：（照片无生命）photo→photos(钢琴无生命)piano→piano1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词如：Johnisastudentstudent是普通名词，John是专有名词普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。3.专有名词专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。名词复数的构成法构成法读音例词在词尾加–s1．在清辅音后发∕s∕2．在浊辅音和元音后发∕z∕1．desk–desks∕s∕2．boy–boys∕z∕在词末加–es1．以“x，s，ch，sh”等结尾的名词后加–es2．以e结尾，直接加–s–（e）s读作∕iz∕1．glass–glasses∕iz∕class–classes∕iz∕2．orange–oranges∕iz∕horse–horses∕iz∕如以f，fe结尾，则去f，fe加–ves–ves读作∕vz∕knife–knives∕vz∕wife–wives∕vz∕以辅音字母加y结尾，则去y加–ies–ies读作∕iz∕baby–babies∕iz∕party–parties∕iz∕Marshall’sEnglishclass以辅音字母加o结尾，则加–es–es读作∕z∕potato–potatoes∕z∕tomato–tomatoes∕z∕但radio，photo，piano，则直接加–s大显身手一．写出下列各单词的复数形式。1.glass__________2.family__________3.wolf__________4.country_________5.radio__________6.photo__________7.fox__________8.fridge__________9.bus__________10.box__________11.watch__________12.brush_________13.policeman__________14.farm__________15.fish__________16.sandwich__________17.apple__________18.foot__________19.ruler__________20.tooth__________二．画横线，选出下列正确的单词或词组。1．Doyoudrinkmuch（milk，milks）？2．Ivisited（Jim，Jim’s）houseyesterday．3．Thisis（TomandMary’s，Tom’sandMary’s）house．4．Hehadtwo（cup，cups）oftea．5．Those（books，book）areonthedesk．6．Lookatthis（boy，boys）．7．That（dogs，dog）ismine．8．Wouldyoulikesome（bananas，banana）？9．Thespermwhalehas50（tooth，teeth）．10．These（shoes，shoe）areverynice．三．选择填空。（）1．Thisis______room．A．JackandLucyB．JackandLucy’sC．Jack’sandLucy’sD．Jack’sandLucy（）2．Sheisagood_____．A．studentB．studentsC．boyD．boys（）3．Iwanttwo_____．A.pencil–boxB．pencil–boxesC．pencils–boxD．pencils–boxes（）4．Howmany_____doyouhave？A．friendB．friendsC．friendesD．friend’s（）5．These_____areJudy’s．A．fishB．fishesC．fishsD．fish’s（）6．Lookatthose____．A．childB．childsC．childrenD．childrens（）7．Hehastwobig____．A．eyeB．eyesC．eyeesD．eye’s（）8．HeisJeff’s____．A．brothersB．brotherC．brotheresD．brother’s（）9．—____isthispen？—It’sWangFang’s．A．Who’sB．WhoseC．WhereD．Which（）10．____birthdayisSeptember5th．A.HermotherB.hermother’sC.Hermothers’D.Hermother’s四．将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。1.Thisisaboy．______________________________________________2.Doyouhaveanewrubber？______________________________________________3.Thereisoneappleinmyhand．__________________________________________4.Thatisherwatch．______________________________________________Marshall’sEnglishclass5.Shehasacameraandumbrella．________________________6.Thereisaplaneinthesky．__________________________________________五．圈出句子中的错误并改正。1．Idon’tlikeorangejuices．Itissour．（）2．Thereisanoldbooksinmybag．（）3．Bananasismyfavoritefruit．（）4．Theygotoschoolonfeet．（）5．Therearemanyphotoesofmyfamily．（）六．连词成句。1.teacherisstrongMyandtall(.)_____________________________________________2.teacherThisscienceisnewour(.)_____________________________________________3.therebedroomsHowaremany(?)_____________________________________________4.lakeThejumpedthedoginto(.)_____________________________________________5.isWhatyourhobby(?)_____________________________________________七．阅读理解。Tomisseven．Hegoestoschooleveryday．Theschoolisnearhishome，sohegoesthereonfootandcomesbackhomeontime（按时）．Buttodayheislate．Hismotheraskshim“Whyareyoulatetoday？”“Iamintheheadmaster’soffice（校长办公室）．”“Whydoyougototheheadmaster’soffice？”“Becausemyteacherasksusaquestionintheclass．Nobody（没人）cananswerit，butIcan．”“Itisgoodtoanswertheteacher’squestion．”“Butthequestioniswhoputsinkonmychair．”根据短文内容，回答问题。1.IsTom’shomefarfromhisschool？_______________________________________________2.Howdoeshegotoschool？_______________________________________________3.DoesTomoftencomebackhomelate？_______________________________________________4.OnlyTomcananswerthequestion，can’the？_______________________________________________5.IsitgoodforTomtodoit？_______________________________________________(1).名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。例如：food,meat,bread,tea,water,milk,ink,orange,drink,rice,fish等。(2).可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an?答：以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an,以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a。注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。1选择a或an或者不填(用/来表示)penbagapplebigappleMarshall’sEnglishclassbananaorangeorangesorangepenhour[hauE]小时house[haus]房子umbrella[Qm5brelE]雨伞university[7ju:ni5vE:siti]大学A[ei]U[ju:]H[eitF]R[a:]B[bi:]M[em]Echickwaterchildchildren2用a/an填空：①IsitChinesebookorEnglishbook?②Thisisring,anditisorangering.③MaryisEnglishteacher.TomisChineseteacher.④Thisisbike.It’soldbike.⑤Thisistelephonenumbe