高考非谓语动词专项讲解]

06年高考语法复习一、非谓语动词的考点1、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别；2、非谓语动词作定语；3、非谓语动词作主语和表语；4、非谓语动词作宾语；5、非谓语动词作宾补；6、非谓语动词作状语；7、非谓语动词的时态语态和被动。二、非谓语动词的句法功能不定式主语宾语表语宾补定语状语动名词主语宾语表语定语分词表语宾补定语状语三、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别高考题点击：1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_____tothenotice.(93N)A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.（04上海春季）A.seizing,disappearedB.seized,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing四、非谓语动词作主语和表语高考题点击：1.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_____.(01上海)A.he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure2.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.(05北京卷)A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having非谓语动词作主语时要注意以下两个重要问题：第一是并行结构问题如：Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.第二需要注意一些结构：A)在It’snouse(good;value;importance)等结构中只用动名词作主语。如：It’snousequarrellingwithsuchafellow.注意比较：There’snoneedtotellhimaboutit.B)在It’s+adj.结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型：It’seasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加forsb.todoIt’skind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的))后加ofsb.todo3.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_____itmoredifficult.(99N)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake因为主语是thepurpose，在（purpose,wish,promise,plan）后常跟不定式，古表语要用不定式，to不能省略，因此构成thepurposeisto…notto…do句型，故选B。五、非谓语动词作定语高考题点击：1.Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.（04上海）A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt2.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe________murderlastnight.（04江苏）A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admitted3.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.(2002北京春季)A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung4.Therearefivepairs_____,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.(99上海)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区别：A)分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系；B)动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义；C)不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构：•在time,chance,right等名词后；•在序数词后；•在wish,need,demand,requirement等词后。D)表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法：done表示已经完成的动作tobedone表示尚未开始的动作beingdone表示正在进行之中的动作六、非谓语动词作宾补高考题点击：1.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.(95N)A.nottoB.nottodoC.nottoitD.donotto为了避免重复，常用省略形式to来代替前面的动作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,I’dliketo.有些动词后面需要用不定式作宾补，除tell外，常见的还有：adviseallowcauseencourageforbidforceintendorderpermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireurgewarnaskwishwant等特别注意：hope,agree,demand,suggest等没有宾补。2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.(95N)A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_____.(99上海)A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone结构:havesb./sth.do…;havesb/sth.done…;havesb./sth.doing…;4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.(00N)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout5.Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.(94N)A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay七、非谓语动词作宾语高考题点击：1.Weagreed_____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.(95N)A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.(00N)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsCB注意1：仅带不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,refuse,offer,promise,decide,determine,intend,manage,fail,hope,expect,long,wish,tend,desire,plan,pretend,等；注意2：动词know,show等常带疑问词加todo作宾语。3.Ireallyappreciate_____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.(01上海)A.tohavehadtimeB.havingtimeC.tohavetimeD.tohavingtimeB仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admitappreciateavoiddelayenjoyescapeexcusepreventfinishimaginemindpractiseresistrisksuggeststandforgivekeep但如果在allowadvisepermitforbid后提到有的人，就只能用不定式作宾补。在动词want,need,require,demand等词后加动名词作宾语时表示被动意义，相当于tobedone。4.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret_____that.(95N)A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone5.---Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.---Don’tyouremember_____methestoryyesterday?(99上海)A.toldB.tellingC.totelltohavetold6.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans___foranotherhour.(02上海)A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaitingDBARatherthan____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(94N)A.ride…rideB.riding…rideC.ride…torideD.toride…riding注意prefer的几个常用句型：prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.prefer+n.to+n.C11.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_____someschoolsforpoorchildren.(01上海春季)A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup12.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.(02北京)A.tosolving…makingB.tosolving…madeC.tosolve…makingD.tosolve…madeBB要特别注意to的词性，分析其为介词还是不定式。admitto，beaccustomedto习惯于，beusedto，stickto，turnto，devoteoneselfto，bedevotedto，lookforwardto，payattentionto,getdownto等八、非谓语动词作状语高考题点击：1.---Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?---_____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.(99上海)A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting2._____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(01北京春季)A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept3.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,_____.