yjh20111226高三英语定语从句复习

RevisionoftheAttributiveClause定语从句复习(一)TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.Antecedent(先行词)Relativepronoun(关系代词)Thefarmisverylarge.Iworkonthefarm.ThefarmwhereIworkisverylarge.Antecedent(先行词)Relativeadverb(关系副词)基本概念一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被修饰限定的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。定语从句可分为两种，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。1.Theteachersarepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ourclassisabigfamilyconsistsof12girlsand50boys.3.YaoHuiistheboyEnglishstudyisverygoodinourclass.4.Theschoolwearestudyingisveryfamous.5.weallknow,ourschoolis50yearsold.wherewhowhoseAswhich基础知识回顾：基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词归纳总结做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分1.Ishallneverforgetthedays_____weworkedtogetherandthedays__________wespenttogether.vi.vt.whenwhich/that2.Those_____haveplentyofmoneywillhelptheirfriends.Theseapplesarerotten.You’dbetterchoosethose______arestillgreen.who3.Thepen_________Tomsentmeasmybirthdaypresentwaslost.Ihavelostmypen,_______Ilikeverymuch.that/whichwhichpeoplewhichapples选择依据：1）弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分，是主语、宾语、定语还是状语2）辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、地点、原因3）判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的(只有that,why不能引导非限制性从句)1.Theperiodduringwhenpeoplelearnedtosmelt(熔炼)ironiscalledtheIronAge.2.Humanbeingsaresocialanimalswhomusuallyprefertoliveingroups.3.Theman,ofwhoseredcarisparkedinfrontofourhouse,isadentistinthetown.4.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,peoplemovedtocitieswhichmanyfactorieshadbeenbuilt.5.Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing.whichwhowherewhichin1.that与which2.对theway的考查3.介词+关系词4.as的使用5.对where的考查6.综合考查考点难点考点一：只用that的情况看看下面的句子，你能想到什么？1、Thefirsttextthatwearetolearnisverydifficult.THisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。2、I’minterestedineverythingthatIdon’tknow。当先行词是不定代词时。如all、little、few、much、something、anything、everything、none、nothing、noone，some等。3、There’snodifficultythatwecan’tovercome.ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindyouhere.先行词被all、every、no、some、few、any、little、much、oneof、theonly、thevery、theright、just等所修饰时。4、Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitals（that）youarethinkingabout.如果先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。5、Whoistheboythatwasherejustnow？Whichisthebookthatyoutoldmeabout?当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时。6、Idon’tliketheway（that）helookedatme.当先行词是way、moment、time等时用that，且常省略。7、ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.当先行词有thesame修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。8、Thevillageisnolongerthepoorplacethatitusedtobe.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。考点二：只用的which情况看看谁的本事大？1、Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.关系代词前有介词时。2、Hisdog，whichwasnowveryold，becameillanddied.引导非限制性定语从句时。3、What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow？当先行词本身就是that时。4、HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich，asI’vetoldyou，willhelpimproveyourEnglish.先行词后有插入语时。1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点1：that与which做题技巧?填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语考点2：theway用做先行词theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填考点2：theway用做先行词3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich高考题链接：考点3：介词+关系词1.Doyouknowtheboy______yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwho/whom/thatIwilllookafter.5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。4.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.which/that/不填考点3：介词+关系词7.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which做题技巧?定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为:介词+whom/which/whose6.Irecognizedthebossincompanymysisterwasworking.whose三.“介词+关系代词”结构问题介词+关系代词引导定语从句的现象很多，但也较复杂，须细加考察。其要点如下：1.该结构中关系代词只用whom和which2.介词的选用要根据上下文表达的意思，或根据先行词的习惯搭配，或根据定语从句中某些词或短语的习惯搭配。Eg.Thisisthering__________shespent$1,000.Ican’tremembertheage_________hewontheprize.onwhichatwhichThewriter___________allofusarefamiliarwillvisitourcity.withwhom三.“介词+关系代词”结构问题1.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.(2000上海)A.whichB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose2.TheEnglishplay____mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.(2004全国)A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich3.某些固定的短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词分开放在关系代词前，如listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等。ThisisthechildIwilltakecareof.(不说…ofwhomIwilltakecare)三.“介词+关系代词”结构问题3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich难点一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。难点一：as的用法做题技巧?当主句中出现such或so时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that当主句中出现thesame时,后面从句缺主语或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭配表同一个事物模拟训练：1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobody