长江水系武汉段典型有机氯农药的生态风险评价

28120081ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.28,No.1Jan.,2008:(973)(No.2003CB415204)SupportedbytheNationalBasicResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(No.2003CB415204):(1983),,,E2mail:[e-mail];3(),E2mail:[e-mail]:ZHIXin(1983),male,E2mail:[e-mail];3Correspondingauthor,E2mail:[e-mail],,,.2008.[J].,28(1):168-173ZhiX,NiuJF,TangZW,etal.2008.EcologicalriskassessmentoftypicalorganochlorinepesticidesinwaterfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiver[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,28(1):168-173,,,3,,100875:2006212225:2007205223:2007211207:303(OCPs)(p,p2DDT2HCH),OCPs4468(NOEC),3p,p2DDT2HCH.,3,3OCPs.,p,p2DDT,,2HCH.,,,OCPs.:;;;;:025322468(2008)012168206:X826:AEcologicalriskassessmentoftypicalorganochlorinepesticidesinwaterfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiverZHIXin,NIUJunfeng,TANGZhenwu,YANGZhifeng3StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875Received25December2006;receivedinrevisedform23May2007;accepted7November2007Abstract:Basedontheconcentrationsoforganochlorinepesticides(OCPs)in30watersamplescollectedfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiverandthenoobservedeffectconcentration(NOEC)valuesof4468aquaticorganisms,thequotientmethodandtwoprobabilisticriskapproacheswereadoptedtocharacterizeecologicalrisksofp,p2DDT,2HCHandAldrininwaterfromtheWuhanareaoftheYangtzeRiver.TheresultsindicatedthattheecologicalrisksoftheseOCPstolocalaquaticorganismswerelow.AmongthethreeOCPs,ecologicalriskofp,p2DDTwasthehighestandthatof2HCHwasthelowest.Inaddition,comparingtheresultsamongthethreeapproaches,thejointprobabilitycurvewasthemostappropriatemethodforriskcharacterizationofOCPsintheYangtzeRivercatchmentofWuhan.Keywords:YangtzeRiver;organochlorinepesticides(OCPs);ecologicalrisk;quotientmethod;probabilisticriskassessment1(Introduction),.206070,,(OCPs).1983OCPs,,(Yangetal.,2006).,OCPs(,1999;,2000;,2003;,2004;,2005),.,,.,OCPs(,2004).1:(,2005).,,(Hernandoetal.,2006),(Solomonetal.,2000;Wangetal.,2002)(Chen,2005).(EEC),(RQ)(,2005).(PRA),,.,(Wangetal.,2002)3,.1):(NOEC),3,p,p2DDT2HCH,..2(Materialsandmethods)2.1,30,(10)(13)(7).0.45m,.HLB,5mLmin-1;10mL,Na2SO4,.,VarianCP3800(63Ni2ECD,DB-5).10,10%,,.1.13OCPsTable1Therecoveries,methoddetectionlimitsandrelativestandarddeviation(RSD)oftheanalyticalprocedureOCPs/(ngL-1)RSDp,p2DDT87.3%0.087.2%2HCH107.1%0.096.9%60.9%0.085.2%p,p2DDT2HCHNOEC.NOEC(,1995),,/(ACR)/,OCPsACR100(Hegeretal.,1995;Langeetal.,1998).LC50,(US2EPA)1)(Verschueren,2001).23OCPsNOEC.23OCPsNOECTable2Toxicitydataofthe3OCPstoaquaticorganismsOCPs/(ngL-1)/(ngL-1)p,p2DDT139001.7682HCH21030011.059203501.0442.22.2.1(,2005),.,,.,(Weietal.,2006).,.2.2.2.,.96128,LC50,(,2002).,.,(,2004).,(Wangetal.,2002).(Solomonetal.,2000;Wangetal.,2002;Chen,2005;,2002;,2004),,US2EPA(USEPA,2000).2.3MATLAB(6.5)OCPsNOEC.Jarque2Bera,,.3(Results)3.1OCPsJarque2Bera,5%,3OCPsNOEC.3.3p,p2DDT2HCHTable3Distributionparametersandresultsofnormaldistributiontestforlog2transformedexposureconcentrationsandtoxicitydataofp,p2DDT,2HCH,Aldrinp,p2DDT2HCHNOECp,p2DDT2HCH-7.12-7.04-6.46-1.79-0.24-1.851.350.531.292.302.431.69p0.590.060.630.210.170.153,0105,p,p2DDT2HCHNOEC.3,,2HCH.3.2,3OCPs,4.,(EEC)303OCPs;HC5NOEC,95%,RQ.4OCPsTable4RiskQuotientoftheOCPstoaquaticorganismsfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiverOCPsEEC/(gL-1)HC5/(gL-1)RQp,p2DDT1.4910-33.8010-33.9210-12HCH9.6110-41.4510-26.6310-21.8810-39.7610-31.9310-13.33,.OCPs,2.p,p2DDT2HCH1.Matlab,p,p2DDT2HCH0.140.020.12.3.4,(,2002).NOEC,,.NOEC,,,0711:13OCPsFig.1Probabilitydensitycurvesfortheexposureconcentrationsandtoxicitydataofthe3OCPsinwaterfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,xy.,,(Solomonetal.,2000;Wangetal.,2002).p,p2DDT2HCH(2).2,Matlab,5%p,p2DDT2HCH0.126611610-80.078.23OCPsFig.2Jointprobabilitycurvesofthe3OCPsinwaterfromtheWuhanreachesoftheYangtzeRiver4(Discussion)4.1,RQ,(,1995).4,3OCPs,p,p2DDT,,2HCH.3OCPs,,p,p2DDT,2HCH.(,2002).(1),3OCPs.,3OCPs:p,p2DDT2HCH.OCPs(,2004).,OCPs,OCPs.2,3,3OCPs.3OCPs.4.2OCPs17128,3.:(Wangetal.,2002).,,.,NOEC,ACR,..3,OCPs.,(,2004),,(Solomonetal.,2002).,,(,2004).,,.,OCPs..OCPs,,.,OCPs,,OCPs.3,OCPs,,,;,,;,,OCPs.5(Conclusions)1)3,p,p2DDT2HCH.,p,p2DDT,,2HCH.95%,p,p2DDT2HCH0.1266.1610-80.078.2),,OCPs.,OCPs.:(1963),,,..References:ChenCS.2005.EcologicalriskassessmentforaquaticspeciesexposedtocontaminantsinKeelungRiver,Taiwan[J].Chemosphere,61(8):11421158ChenJF,YeXR,ZhouHY,etal.1999.PreliminarystudyonthemarineorganicpollutionhistoryinChangjiangEstuary2HangzhouBay2BHCandDDTstratigraphicalrecords[J].ChinaEnvironmentalScience,19(3):206210(inChinese)ChengY,ZhouJY,ShanZJ.2005.ProgressofstudyonaquaticecologicalriskassessmentofpesticidesinUSA[J].ChineseJournalofPesticideScience,7(4):293298(inChinese)HegerW,JungSJ,MartinS,etal.1995.Acuteandprolongedtoxicitytoaquaticorganismsofnewandexistingchemicalsandpesticides:1.Variabilityoftheacutetoprolongedratio2.RelationtologPowandWaterSolubility[J].Chemosphere,31(2):27072726HernandoMD,MezcuaM,Fernndez2AlbaAR,etal.2006.Environmentalriskassessmentofpharmaceuticalre