澳大利亚乳制品业的开放与合理化对美国及世界乳品业的意义(1)

1、BABCOCKINSTITUTEDISCUSSIONPAPERNo.2000-3THEDEREGULATIONANDRATIONALIZATIONOFAUSTRALIA'SDAIRYINDUSTRY—IMPLICATIONSFORTHEU.S.ANDWORLDDAIRYINDUSTRIESW.D.DobsonandJeffreyWagnerTheBabcockInstituteRenkAgribusinessInstituteTheBabcockInstituteforInternationalDairyResearchandDevelopmentUniversityofWisconsin,CollegeofAgriculturalandLifeSciences240AgricultureHall,1450LindenDriveMadison,Wisconsin53706-1562TheresearchpresentedinthisDiscussionPaperwassupportedbytheBabcockInstituteforInternationalDairyResearch。

2、andDevelopmentandbytheRenkAgribusinessInstitute,UniversityofWisconsin-Madison.TheRenkAgribusinessInstituteisajointprogramoftheUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonCollegeofAgriculturalandLifeSciencesUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonSchoolofBusinessUniversityofWisconsinExtensionCooperativeExtensionDivisionTheBabcockInstituteforInternationalDairyResearchandDevelopmentisajointprogramoftheUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonCollegeofAgriculturalandLifeSciencesUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineUniv。

3、ersityofWisconsinExtensionCooperativeExtensionDivisionFundingfortheBabcockInstituteportionofthisstudywasprovidedbyCSRSUSDASpecialGrant95-34266-2211TheviewsexpressedinBabcockInstituteDiscussionPapersarethoseoftheauthors;theydonotnecessarilyrepresentthoseoftheInstituteoroftheUniversity.TheBabcockInstitute240AgricultureHall,1450LindenDriveMadison,WI53706-1562USAPhone:608-265-4169;Fax:608-262-8852Email:babcock@calshp.cals.wisc.eduInternet:UniversityofWisconsin2000TableofContentsExecutiveSummary....。

4、.................................................................1Introduction...............................................................................................................................1CharacteristicsofAustralia'sDairyIndustry..............................................................................1TerminationofAustralia'sDomesticMarketSupportSchemeandStateMarketMilkPricing—EconomicandPoliticalPressuresthatFosteredDeregulation................................2TheRestruct。

5、uringPackageMadeAvailabletoAustralianMilkProducersAfterDeregulation.....2HowDeregulationWillAffectAustralia'sDairyIndustryandtheExportingCapabilitiesofAustralianDairyFirms.........................................................................................................3WillEconomicandPoliticalPressuresthatFosteredDeregulationinAustralia'sDairyIndustryProduceSimilarResultsintheU.S.,EUandCanada?.........................................3ACaveat................................................。

6、....................................................................................4Introduction..............................................................................5I.CharacteristicsofAustralia'sDairyIndustry....................................6DairyFarmingCharacteristics....................................................................................................6MarketMilkProduction................................................................................................。

7、.............8MarketMilkRegulationandPricing...........................................................................................8InterCountryComparisonsofMilkProduction..........................................................................9ExportMarketShares................................................................................................................9TheKeyPlayers..........................................................................................................。

8、............10II.TerminationofAustralia'sDomesticMarketSupportSchemeandStateMarketMilkPricing—EconomicandPoliticalPressuresthatFosteredDeregulation.......................................................................12TheDomesticMarketSupportScheme....................................................................................12StateMilkPricingandControl.................................................................................................13WhytheDMSSchemeandStateMilkPricingwereT。

9、erminated...............................................13WhyVictoria'sDairyFarmerGroupsPursuedDeregulation....................................................13WhyProducerGroupsinMarketMilkStateswerePowerlesstoResistDeregulation..............16III.TheRestructuringPackageMadeAvailabletoAustralianMilkProducersAfterDeregulation................................................................16KeyElementsoftheRestructuringPackage.......................................................................。

10、......16TheIndustryFacility................................................................................................................17FinancingtheRestructuringPackage........................................................................................17WhattheRestructuringPaymentsRepresent............................................................................17ImpactonConsumerPrices.........................................................................。