英语高一人教版新课标必修1Unit_4_语法课件

Unit4EarthquakeGrammar定语从句TheAttributiveClause带定语从句的谚语：1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake___________________________shookTangshan.2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose_______________________.whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstonewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadSomesentenceswithatrributiveclauseinthetextButthepeopleinthecity,_____________________________wenttosleepasusualthatnight.ItwasheardinBeijing,_____________________________________whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,whichismorethan200kilometersaway.Ahugecrack_________________________________________________cutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Thenumberofpeople______________________reachedmorethan400,000.thatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidewhowerekilledorinjured1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词,代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,as,that等定语从句的相关概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.关系代词或是关系副词的作用：连接主从句指代先行词在从句中作句子成分关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物subject(主语)object(宾语)attribute（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√.1.限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。Thisisthetelegramwhichherefersto.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?（注意that）2．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who,whom,whose,which,when和where，不可以用that和why。看图连句Letmetry!Letmetry!Theman_________________isLiuxiang.whoranfastestLiuxiangistheman________________.whoranfastestaboy，hasascar，foreheadHarryPorterisaboy_________________________________.who/thathasascaronhisforeheadChangzhouisacity________________________.Changzhouacitydevelopfastwhich/thatdevelopsfastWhichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_________________ismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouseThecity____________________________________________________isBeijing.which\thathostedthe2008OlympicGamesThecityhost(举办)2oo8OlympicGamesBeijingBeckhamisafootballplayer.Heishandsome.Beckhamisafootballplayer,_______________.whoishandsomeBeckham,___________________________,isafootballplayer.whoishandsome1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl_________________ImetisLucy.3.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook____________youboughtyesterday.5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.6.Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.7.Ihavearoom________windowfacessouth.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/towhomwhose一、that和which用法的区别(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething_____youcanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooks_____youlendme.1、只能用that不用which的情况(that)thatDoyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?(that)Pleasesendusanyinformation_____youhaveaboutthesubject.that(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook_____hehasread.(that)Itisthemostbeautifulcity_____I’veeverseen.that(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybook_____belongstohim.thatHeistheonlyperson_____waspresentatthetime.that(6)先行词是who或which引导的主句。Whoisthegirl_____drovethecar?(7)主句以therebe引导时。Therearemorethan400,000people_____diedorwereinjuredintheearthquake.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents.thatthatthat(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。Therearemanytrees__________theycanhavearest.Thisisthering__________shespent1000dollars.2、只用which不用that的情况(2)在非限制性定语从句中。Football,______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.underwhichonwhichwhich3.表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of,有时可用whose转换。1)I’mpaintingahouse,theroof_________isround.I’mpaintingahouse__________isround.2)Theyliveinahouse,_______windowsfacesouth.Theyliveinahouse,thewindows_________facesouth.ofwhichwhoseofwhichwhoseroof介词+关系代词（宾语）若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(T)Themanwiththatyoutalkedismyfriend.(F)(2)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(T)TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.(F)1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。二、只用who的情况One____hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones____laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone____failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those____wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.whowhowhowho先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用who.关系副词when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.关系副词=介词+which结构：when=on(in,at,during…)+which;where=in(at,on…)+which;why=forwhich.如：IwasinBeijingthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.P课本91介词的选用与先行词有关IwasinBeijingthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.与句意有关Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏卷33题)与动词有关Theteacherforwhomyou