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AVIEWOFMOUNTAINSUnit4AVIEWOFMOUNTAINSUnit4Unit4Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.Questionsfordiscussion1.WhydidSallyRegenhardsaythat9/11was“ashatteringoffaith”?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundShebelievedinthesystem,andnowthatthesystemwasshatteredbytheterroristactivity,soshethoughttheeventisfaith-shattering.3000peoplewerekilled.Andthesurvivingfamilymembershadveryrighttoknowthetruthaboutthe9/11.Sothereneededtobeaninvestigation.2.WhydidCarolAshleythinkthattheremustbeaninvestigation?3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe9/11attacksandwhatinfluenceshavetheeventsexert?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundPre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement3AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundFromOnNativeSoilPoliceman:Policeman:EuniceHanson:SallyRegenhard:CarolAshley:MaxCleland:Moveback!Moveback!Moveit!Goback!Iknewwehadenemies,naturally,butIalwaysfeltprettysafehere.Inever,never,inamillionyearsdreamedthatanythinglikethiscouldhappentous.Webelievedinthesystemandyouknow,9/11wasashatteringoffaith.3000peoplewerekilled.Itwasamassmurder.Andthereneededtobeaninvestigation.Thesurvivingfamilymembers,nobodycandenythattheyhadtheultimateclaimtothetruthabout9/11.VideoScriptAudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundAtomicbomborA-bombisaweaponderivingitsexplosiveforcefromthereleaseofatomicenergythroughthefission(splitting)ofheavynuclei.ThefirstatomicbombwasproducedatalaboratoryinLosAlamos,NewMexico,andsuccessfullytestedonJuly16,1945.ThiswastheculminationofalargeU.S.armyprogramthatwaspartoftheManhattanProject.Itbeganin1940,twoyearsaftertheGermanscientistsOttoHahnandFritzStrassmandiscoverednuclearfission.Culturalbackground1AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundAtomicBombCulturalbackground2AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundOnAug.6,1945,anatomicbombwasdroppedonHiroshimawithanestimatedequivalentexplosiveforceof12,500tonsofTNT,followedthreedayslaterbyasecond,morepowerful,bombonNagasaki.Bothbombscausedwidespreaddeath,injury,anddestruction,andthereisstillconsiderabledebateabouttheneedtohaveusedthem.Culturalbackground3AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundNuclearweaponsareweaponsofmassdestructionpoweredbyatomic,ratherthanchemical,processes.Nuclearweaponsproducelargeexplosionsandhazardousradioactivebyproductsbymeansofeithernuclearfissionornuclearfusion.AfterWorldWarII,theproliferationofnuclearweaponsbecameanincreasingcauseofconcernthroughouttheworld.Attheendofthe20thcentury,thevastmajorityofsuchweaponswereheldbytheUnitedStatesandtheformerSovietUnion;othercountriesthatpossessknownnuclearcapabilitiesaretheGreatBritain,France,China,Pakistan,andIndia.IsraelalsohasNuclearWeaponCulturalbackground4Audiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundnuclearweaponsbuthasnotconfirmedthatfactpublicly;NorthKoreahasconductedanucleartestexplosionbutprobablydoesnothaveareadilydeliverablenuclearweapon;andSouthAfricaformerlyhadasmallarsenal.Overadozenothercountriescan,orsooncould,makenuclearweapons.Culturalbackground5AudiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundOnAugust6,1945,thefirstatomicbombattackoccurredoverHiroshima,Japan.Threedayslater,onAugust9,Nagasaki,Japan,wasbombed.ThebombingofNagasakiwasthelastmajoractofWorldWarIIandwithindays,onAugust15,1945,theJapanesesurrendered.Inestimatingthedeathtollfromtheattacks,thereareseveralfactorsthatmakeitdifficulttoarriveatreliablefigures:inadequaciesintherecordsgiventheconfusionofthetimes,themanyvictimswhodiedmonthsoryearsafterthebombingasaresultofradiationexposure,andnotleast,thepressuretoTheBombingofHiroshimaandNagasakiCulturalbackground6Audiovisualsupplementculturalbackgroundeitherexaggerateorminimizethenumbers,dependinguponpoliticalagenda.Thatsaid,itisestimatedthatbyDecember1945,asmanyas140,000haddiedinHiroshimabythebombanditsassociatedeffects.InNagasaki,roughly74,000peoplediedofthebombanditsaftereffects.Inbothcities,mostofthecasualtieswerecivilians.TheintentionalkillingofciviliansbytheAlliesofWorldWarII-whoclaimedthattheircausewasjust-raisedmoralquestionsaboutthejustcourseofthewar.GlobalReading-generalGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesThroughintroducingYamahata’spictures,theauthoraimsatbringingtopeople’sattentionwhatkindofcatastrophicconsequencesnuclearthreatmayleadtoandthattheunpredictabilityofnuclearattackmightmakeanycityintheworldbecomethenexttarget.Therefore,theonlywaytokeepthisworldsafefromnuclearperilisforpeopletotakeactiontodispelnuclearweaponryfromtheearth.RhetoricalfeaturesGlobalReading-structural1GeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesThisargumentativeessaydescribesnucleardestructionthroughaJapanesephotographer’spictures.Thetextcomprisesthreeparts.PartI(Paragraph1):Thewriterdescribesthephotographsandhowaviewofmountainsinthebackgroundofonepicturepowerfullycaptureshowthoroughlythecitywasdestroyedbytheatomicbomb.RhetoricalfeaturesGlobalReading–structural2PartII(Paragraphs2—3):TheauthorarguesthatthebombingofNagasakiismorerepresentativeofthenuclearperilthreateningtheworldthanthatofHiroshima,becauseitsuggeststhatnuclearweaponscanbeusedagai
本文标题:Unit4 A view of Mountains
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