2018年12月8日雅思阅读考情回顾

雅思考试机经2018年12月8日雅思阅读考情回顾一、考试时间：2018年12月8日（周六）二、考试概述：第一篇Australia’scanetoadproblems，澳大利亚害虫问题。可参考剑八第四套第二篇BiologicalControlofpests和剑十第四套第三篇Whenevolutionrunsbackwards。第二篇Newfilterspromisewatertomillions，滤水器的发明。可参考剑八第一套第一篇Achronicleoftimekeeping和剑十第一套第一篇Stepwells。第三篇WhoshouldlookafterbabiesinBritain，男性和女性照顾孩子的异同。可参考剑六第四套第二篇Doliteratewomenmakebettermothers和剑五第三套第一篇EarlyChildhoodEducation。三、文章简介第一篇Australia’scanetoadproblems，澳大利亚害虫问题第二篇Newfilterspromisewatertomillions，滤水器的发明第三篇WhoshouldlookafterbabiesinBritain，男性和女性照顾孩子的异同四、篇章分析：Passage1文章内容澳大利亚的某种害虫的幼虫啃食澳大利亚植物的根，为了解决的这种问题，澳大利亚从北美引入canetoad,但事实证明canetoad的引入却是一种失败，并没有能够解决问题反而霸占了越来越多的其他动物群fanua的栖息地。题型分布与答案参考填空题7，判断题6答案回忆待补充相关拓展TherapidspreadofAustralia'scanetoadpestsTheyaretoxicinvadersthathaveconqueredswathesofnorthernAustraliaastheycontinuetheirseeminglyirrepressiblemarchwesttowardstheIndianOcean.Packedwithpoisonandsupremelyadaptable,thedreadedcanetoad,orBufomarinus,hasfewfriendsinAustralia,whereamassivescientificand雅思考试机经communityefforthasfailedtostoptheiradvance.TheyprobablyhavemovedabouthalfwaythroughthattropicalregionofWesternAustralia,explainedRickShine,aprofessorinbiologyattheUniversityofSydney.TheyareinveryinaccessiblecountrynowintheKimberley.Itisveryhardtogetdetailedinformationonexactlywherethefrontisbutitseemstobemovingat50to60km(31to37miles)perannum.Thewartyamphibiansmoveonlyduringthewetseason.Althoughtrackingstudieshaveshownmanyhoplessthan10metresaday,thoseatthefrontlinehavegrownbiggerandfaster.Theguysattheinvasionfrontupinthetropicsaremovingoftenkilometresinasinglenightandtheyhaveevolvedthisverydistinctivebehaviour,ProfShinetoldtheBBC.They'veactuallyevolveddifferencesinshapeandphysiologyaswell.Essentiallytheyhaveturnedintothesedispersalmachinesandtheymoveasfarastheycan,asfastastheycan.ExpertsarereluctanttospeculateonhowmanyoftheseunwelcomepestshavebeenunleashedacrossAustralia'snorth.Theyareprolificbreeders-someestimatesputthefigureataround1.5billion-butitisimpossibletoknowforsure.Australiahasalonganddepressinghistoryofinadvertentlyintroducingwreckingballspeciesaspetsandlivestock,orforsport.Examplesincludefoxes,pigsandrabbits,goats,camelsandcats.Invasiveplantsandfishhavealsohadadramaticeffectonnativefloraandfauna,butitisthecanetoadthatiswidelyreviledaboveallelse.Howdidtheyarrive?ForAustralia,thegrimstorybeganinthesugarcaneplantationsofPuertoRico,whichhadimportedgianttoadsfromSouthAmericatoeatthegrubsthatweredevouringthecrop.雅思考试机经Wordspreadofthesuccessesofthesebug-catchingamphibiansandbythe1930s,thecanetoadswerebeingsentaroundtheworld.In1935,101toadsarrivedinFarNorthQueenslandinareasincludingCairnsandInnisfail,beforebeingbredincaptivity.Theirprogenywasreleasedonmissionstohuntandkillcane-destroyingbeetlesonAustralia'snorth-eastcoast.Communitytoad“musters”havesnaredcountlessnumbersovertheyears.In2005DavidTollner,aformerfederalMP,famouslyurgedNorthernTerritoryresidentstohelpsquashtheproblemwiththeirgolfclubsandcricketbats-effectivelyturningeradicationintosport.Thentherewastheso-calledbottom-linedefencesupportedbytheRSPCAinDarwin,whichrecommendedkillingcapturedamphibiansbysmearingthemwithhaemorrhoidcream,whichactedasananaesthetic.In2009,toadscrossedtheWesternAustralianborderwiththeNorthernTerritory,morethan2,000kmfromthesiteoftheiroriginalrelease74yearsearlier.Itwasadarkdaythatconservationistshadbothdreadedandseencoming.TheinvasionpenetratedtheKimberleyregion,anareathreetimesthesizeofEnglandandregardedasawildernessfrontier.Sadly,theKimberleyhaslostthebattletothecanetoad.Theyhaveinvadedcloseto70%oftheKimberley,sothetoadsarewellandtrulyontheirwaytothenortherncoastalareas,saidLeeScott-Virtue,thepresidentofKimberleyToadbusters,agroupshesetupin2004.Ithasbeenareallydisturbinglesson.Theproblemistheyareadaptingtodry,desertconditions.Theyareadjustingtoverycoldclimatesandtheyareactuallystartingtobreedinsalinewater.MostrecentdiscoveryOnWednesday,wildliferangersrevealedacanetoadwasfoundbesidea雅思考试机经roadnearMountKosciuszkoinsouthernNewSouthWales.Authoritiessuspectitwascarriedinbyatourist,andhavenotfoundotherevidenceofthespeciesthere.Nonetheless,theyareconcerned.Therearecertainlyenvironmentandtimesoftheyearwhensuchananimalcouldpersist(survive),DaveWoods,astatewildlifeofficer,toldtheAustralianBroadcastingCorp.Hesaidtoadscouldprovideafreshthreattoendangeredspeciesinthearea,anationalpark.Thetoadsaredevourersofinsectsandothersmallprey,buttheyareattheirmostdestructivewhentheyareeatenbylargerpredators,suchassnakes,goannasandfreshwatercrocodiles.Alargeglandonthetoad'sshoulderisloadedwithdeadlycardiactoxins.Inanunusualmove,researchersaretryingtotrainpredatorstoavoidlargercanetoadsbyfeedingthemsmallerspecimens,whichmakethemillbutshouldnotkillthem.Theseso-calledtaste-aversionstrategiesincludefeedingsausagesmadeofmincedamphibiantonorthernquolls,acarnivorousmarsupial.Theyeatthemeat,whichcausesvomiting,inthehopeitwillputthemoffeatingtoadsagain.Alarge-scaletrialisduetostartinWesternAustraliasoon.CorrinEveritt,fromthestate'sDepartmentofParksandWildlife,toldtheBBCthatwhiletheprojectcoul