智能花盆自动浇水系统的设计

河南理工大学2011毕业设计说明书I盆花自动浇水系统的设计测控07级2班指导老师：摘要：本次设计的盆花自动浇水系统包括土壤温湿度的检测与控制和蓄水箱自动上水及水位报警两大部分。土壤温湿度的检测与控制部分又包括了土壤温湿度的检测和显示、自动浇水系统。土壤温湿度的检测和显示以温湿度传感器SHT-11为感应部件，将检测到的土壤温湿度值送入AT89C51单片机，再由其输出到LCD屏进行显示。自动浇水系统设计为智能和手动两个部分：智能浇水部分是通过单片机程序设定浇水的上下限值与SHT-11送入单片机的土壤湿度值相比较，当低于下限值时，单片机输出一个信号控制电磁阀打开，开始浇水，高于上限值时再由单片机输出一个信号控制电磁阀关闭，停止浇水；手动部分是由单片机从时钟芯片DS1302读入月份与每天的实时时刻，通过软件程序设定定时浇水的时间与浇水的量。蓄水箱自动上水及水位报警采用纯硬件电路控制，实现水箱水位实时监测、自动上水以及水位上下限报警的功能。关键词：AT89C51单片机SHT-11温湿度传感器LCDDS1302时钟芯片C51程序数字电路河南理工大学2011毕业设计说明书IIDesignofpottedflowersautomaticwateringsystemAbstract：Thedesignoftheautomaticwateringsystemincludessoilpothumiditydetectionanddisplay,automaticwateringandstorageboxautomaticwaterandwaterlevelalarmthreeparts.S-oiltestinganddisplayoftemperatureandhumiditysystemtakesTemperatureandhumiditysen-sorSHT-11asinductivecomponents,itwilldetectthesoiltemperatureandhumidityvalueandinputthevaluetotheAT89C51microcontroller,thenthetemperatureandhumidityvaluewillbeoutputtoLCDscreendisplayed.Automaticwateringsystemdesignforintelligenceandmanualtwoparts.Intelligentwateringpartthroughthemicrocontrollerprogramsettingtheupperandlo-werwaterattained,thencomparingthisupperandlowerwaterattainedwiththevalethatthroug-hingSHT-11inputtingtothemicrocontroller.WhenbelowthelimitSCMoutputsasignaltoo-peningtheElectromagneticvalve,andStartwatering.ifAbovetheupperlimitvalue,theSCMwilloutputanothersignaltoTurnningofftheElectromagneticvalve,andStopwatering.ManualpartreadthetimefromtheclockchipDS1302bymicrocomputer.Throughsoftwareprogramtosettingtheregularwatering'timeandWateringamount.StorageboxWaterlevelcontrolsystemu-sesPurehardwarecontrol.Realizingreal-timemonitoringwatertank,AutomaticwatersupplyandLevelalarmingfunction.Keywords:AT89C51microcontroller;SHT-11temperatureandhumiditysensor;LCD;clockchipDS1302;C51program;Digitalcircuit河南理工大学2011毕业设计说明书III目录1、绪论....................................................................11.1选题的目的和意义....................................................11.2自动浇花器的诞生背景及国内外发展现状................................11.3毕业设计所采用的研究方法和手段......................................22、AT89C51单片机...........................................................42.1AT89C51单片机的基本组成............................................42.2AT89C51主要特性....................................................52.3管脚说明............................................................52.4AT89C51单片机的存储器..............................................72.4.1程序存储器....................................................72.4.2数据存储器....................................................82.5振荡电路和时钟......................................................92.6AT89C51的中断系统.................................................102.6.1中断系统结构和中断控制.......................................102.6.2中断响应过程.................................................122.7定时器/计数器......................................................122.7.1定时器/计数器0和1简介......................................122.7.2与定时器/计数器0和1相关的特殊功能寄存器....................133、温湿度传感器...........................................................143.1数字温湿度传感器SHT-11............................................153.2SHT-11的传感器输出................................................163.2.1湿度值输出...................................................173.2.2温度值输出...................................................173.2.3露点计算.....................................................183.2.4非线性校正及温度补偿.........................................183.3SHT-11的特性......................................................193.3.1SHT-11的特点................................................193.3.2SHT的详细规格...............................................193.4SHT-11的引脚......................................................20河南理工大学2011毕业设计说明书IV3.5SHT-11的的内部命令与接口时序......................................213.5.1SHT-11的内部命令............................................213.5.2SHT-11的命令顺序及命令时序..................................213.5.3SHT-11的状态寄存器..........................................223.6硬件接口..........................................................233.7恢复处理..........................................................233.8SHT-11的相关程序..................................................244、DS1302时钟芯片.........................................................304.1DS1302时钟芯片的简介..............................................304.2引脚..............................................................304.3命令字节..........................................................314.4DS1302的相关程序..................................................345、液晶显示器LCD..........................................................385.1液晶显示器的分类...................................................385.2AMPIRE128×64.....................................................385.2.1LCD128×64引脚功能.........................................395.2.2KS0108控制器指令功能........................................405.2.3应用说明.....................................................425.2.4LCD相关程序.................................................426、盆花自动浇水系统的设计..................................................496.1土壤温湿度检测与控制..............