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some和any的用法小结我们知道,some通常用于肯定句,any则用于否定句或疑问句。但随着学习的深入,我们发现,情况并不完全如此,上述说法只能算是对some和any用法的一个不太准确和完整的概括。由于some和any是英语中比较常用的词,我们有必要对其用法作出较完善的归纳。一、some和any作为形容词或代词,可以用来说明或代替复数名词或不可数名词,表示不定量,意为“一些”,其区别是:对其所说明或代替的名词持肯定态度时,用some;持非肯定(否定或疑问)态度时,用any。在以下句子中使用some:1.肯定句(包括肯定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中肯定的陈述部分)。如:Therearesomenewbooksontheteacher'sdesk.Wehavealotofsugar.Takesomewithyou,please.Heboughtsomebread,didn'the?2.持肯定态度的一般疑问句。如:Aretheresomestampsinthatdrawer?Didn'tshegiveyousomemoney?3.表示请求或建议的一般疑问句,通常都希望得到对方肯定的答复,所以也用some。如:MayIaskyousomequestions?Wouldyoulikesometea?4.特殊疑问句及选择疑问句。因为特殊疑问句和选择疑问句并不对some所说明或代替的名词表示疑问。如:WherecanIgetsomebuttons?Doyouhavesomepensorpencils?在以下句子中使用ANY:1.否定句(包括否定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中否定的陈述部分)。如:Ican'tgiveyouanyhelpnow.Donotmakeanynoise.Thereweren'tanytreeshere,werethere?2.含有除not以外的其他否定词或否定结构的句子。如:Jimhardlymakesanymistakesinhishomework.HewenttoLondonwithoutanymoneyinhispocket.Shewastoopoortobuyanynewclothes.3.一般疑问句(持肯定态度的除外)。如:Didshebuyanytomatoesyesterday?Iwantsomepaper.Doyouhaveany?4.条件状语从句。如:Ifyouarelookingforanyink,youcanfinditonmydesk.Ifthereareanygoodapplesthere,getmetwokilos,please.因为条件句“如果……”表达的也是不肯定的态度。所以,如果说话者持肯定的态度或期待得到肯定的答复时,则可以用some。如:Bringmetwopiecesofpaperifyouhavesome.5.whether/if(是否)引导的名词从句。如:Itisstillunknownwhethertheyhavefoundanyproof.Heaskedifhecoulddrinkanycoolwater.二、some还可表示“某些”或用在单数名词前表示“某一个”。any则可用于表示“任何一些”或“(至少3个中)任何一个”,二者均可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中。如:Idon'tlikesomeofthem.Heisworkingatsomeplaceinthenorth.Anycriminal(s)willbepunished.Youcantakeanyofthese.三、some和any也可作为副词,用于比较级前,表示程度,意为“稍许,几分”,用法与其作形容词或代词表示“一些”时基本相同。如:Hefeelssomebetternow.Shewassotiredthatshecouldnotgoanyfurther.some还可以用在数字之前,意为“大约”。如:Heissomefortyyearsold.四、由some-和any-构成的复合不定代词和不定副词,其用法区别多与some和any相同。如:Somethingiswrongwithhereyes.Thereisnotanybodyinthisroom.Haveyouseenitanywhere?Haven'tyouforgottensomething?(持肯定态度)练习请用some或any填空:1)Couldyougetme_____coffee,please?2)Iheardthathewouldstaytherefor_____days.3)Don'ttake_____magazinesoutofthereading-room.4)-Didhebuy_____cakesorcookies?-Cookies,Ithink.5)Ifyouhave_____questions,askme,please.6)_____schoolboywouldknowthat,yetyoudon't.7)Iwonderif_____studentsarestillintheclassroom.8)Haven'tyougot_____stamps?MayIuseone?9)Ishegoingtovisit_____placesofinterestthere?10)_____ofthebooksarenotmine.They'reJohn's,Ithink.11)Thereis_____meatontheplate,isn'tthere?12)Shehasnevereaten_____Chinesefoodbefore.13)_____personatthedoorisaskingtoseeyou.14)Thereare_____100workersinthefactory.15)whenwillyoubuyhim_____newclothes?16)Didhejump_____higherthistime?
本文标题:英语-some和any的用法小结(肯定句、否定句、疑问句)
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