新人教选修7 Unit1 词汇学习剖析

Unit1LivingwellvocabularydumbanddeafblindlossofanarmorlegParalyzed(瘫痪)舟舟mentaldisabilitydumbanddeafblindlossofanarmorlegparalyzedmentaldisabilitydisabledadj.disabilityn.残疾的•disablev.使......失去能力disabledadj.伤残的•thedisabled残疾人;伤残者•disabilityn.伤残;无能;无力1.disability既有可数又有不可数.表示“残疾”用作可数，表示“无能，劳动能力丧失”用作不可数；disable表示“使残疾，使…能力丧失”;disabled表示“残疾的，伤残的”，常用于thedisabled，表“残疾人”。2.ambitionn.理想,抱负ambitiousadj.有雄心的Myistobeateacher.ambition3.beneficialbeneficialadj有益的;受益的benefitn.利益,好处vt.有益于,有助于vi.受益常见用法bebeneficialto…对什么有益AbenefitsB有益于….Bbenefitsfrom/byA受益于beofbenefitto…对…有益forthebenefitof为了…的利益阳光对植物有益.Sunshine________________plants.Sunshine______________plants.Sunshine__________plants.Plants_______________sunshine.isofbenefittobenefitsBenefitfromisbeneficialto换句话说，也就是说thatistosay,inotherwordsIjustgot45pointsinEnglishtest,,Ifailed.inotherwords45分4.inotherwords换句话说ina/oneword简言之；总之wordforword逐字地breakone‘sword失信、食言keepone’sword遵守诺言haveawordwithsb.与某人说句话havewordswithsb.与某人争吵5.clumsy(1)笨拙的,不灵巧的You,clumsyguy！You’veknockedovermycoffee！瞧你这笨蛋！你碰翻了我的咖啡！(2)(对人)不灵巧的,不圆滑的Sheisaclumsygirl.她不是一个机灵的女孩.(3)beclumsywithsth/atdoingsth在…方面不灵巧He_________________chopsticks.He_________________chopsticks.他使用筷子很笨拙isclumsywithisclumsyatusing6.adapt(oneself)tosth.使某人适应……adaptsth.for把某物改编为……使适应,使适合(新用途、新情况)adaptsth.forsb.为某人改编(改写)……beadaptedfrom根据……改编(改写)adaptableadj.适应性强的;可改编的adaptationn.适应;改编本Adapter(B.E)/adaptor(A.E)n.适应者;改编者派生词：•adapt:指修改或改变以适应新条件•adjust:多指“调整,调节”使之适应•fit:多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”•suit:多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”•match:指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称辨析:adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match7．outofbreath上气不接下气•catch/holdone’sbreath屏息•loseone’sbreath喘不过气来•outofsight看不见•outofcash钱用光了•outofcontrol失控•outofdate过期•outoffashion不再流行•outoforder出毛病•outofwork失业•outofpatience不能忍受•outofquestion没问题；无疑；毫无疑问•outofthequestion不可能的；办不到的生气angryannoy(v)惹恼,使…感到生气annoyed生气的(修饰人)(adj)annoying另人生气的(修饰物)(adj)Iwasatthenews.annoyedannoying8.annoy使…不悦,惹•常见用法•annoysbwithsth/bydoingsth•因…使某人生气•beannoyedat/about/bysth生某事的气•beannoyedwithsb.forsth.•对(某人)为(某事)而生气•beannoyedwithsb.atsth.•对(某人)为(某事)而生气•beannoyedthat---clause生…的气这些苍蝇正使我感到烦恼.Theseflies_____________me.夜间不要大声唱歌,以免打扰邻居.Don’t______yourneighbours_____singingloudlyatnight.因为玛丽忘了给她打电话,她就很生玛丽的气.She_______________Mary___forgettingtophone.areannoyingannoybywasannoyedwithfor拓展annoyancen.烦恼，烦恼的事物annoyedadj.颇为生气的，烦恼的annoyingadj.使人颇为生气或烦恼的9.allinall总而言之AllinallIhaveagoodlife.总而言之,我生活得挺好。其他与all有关的短语：inall总共afterall终究，毕竟aboveall首先;首要;最重要的allalone独自,独立地atall根本不,一点也不与all有关的短语：aboveall首先afterall毕竟allalone独自allatonce突然alltold总共forall尽管atall根本不,一点也不learnbyheart嘲笑,取笑laughatsb.makefunofItisnotpolitetothedisabled.makefunofmakefunof用在被动语态结构时,请不要漏掉介词ofe.g.Nobodylikesbeingmadefunof.没有人喜欢被嘲笑。【扩展】playajokeonsb.开某人的玩笑playatrickonsb.捉弄某人拓展havefun(doingsth.)(在做某事中)获得乐趣getfunoutofdoingsth.通过做某事获得乐趣for/infun闹着玩；开玩笑befulloffun很顽皮；很爱开玩笑It‘sfuntodosth.做某事很有趣。There’s(no)funin/doingsth.做某事(没)有趣。11.courage(n)勇气(v鼓励)（n鼓励）(adj令人鼓舞的)（adj受鼓舞的）encourageencouragementencouragingencouragedIdidn’tdaretospeakEnglishinclassduetomylackof,soIfailedinmyEnglishtest.MyfatheralwaysmetotryspeakingEnglishloudlyinfrontofhim.Thankstohis,IwasnotafraidofspeakingEnglishinpublic.Sowhenwegotthe__________newsthatIpassedthefinalEnglishexam,wewereall.courageencouragedencouragementencouragingencouragedconductvt.引导；指挥；进行；传导n．行为，品行conductsb.tosomeplace带领某人去某地conductsb.aroundsomeplace带领某人参观某地conduct/showab.in/out引领某人进来(出去)conductoneself＝behaveoneself举止;表现conductasurvey/anexperiment进行调查(实验)派生词：conductionn.(热或电等能量的)传导;输送conductorn.售票员;管理者;指挥;导体•conductelectricity导电•conductexperiment做实验•＝do/make/perform/carryoutanexperiment•conductaconcert指挥音乐会•amanofgoodconduct品行端正的人•therulesofconduct行为准则•4．resignv.辞职；放弃(工作、职位等)•resignationn.放弃，辞职•resignfrom+工作单位名称意思是“辞去……职务”•Heresignedfromajob.•resignoneselfto...使听从/顺从……•他只好听天由命了.•Heresignedhimselftohisfate.•resignsb.to...把某人交托给……resignas+身份名词意思是“辞去……职务”resign.vt,vi.eg:Sheresignedherpositionassecretaryafterthreeyears.Sheresignedassecretaryafterthreeyears.•assistance(n)(v)(n助手)①.Ourgovernmentoftenofferseconomic(经济上的)topoorfamilies.②.It’sverykindofhertomeindoingmyhomework.assistassistantassistanceassist表示祝贺用得最多的两个词是Congratulate和Congratulations。其用法应注意以下几点：（1）congratulate是动词，一般要以“人”作宾语，而不以“事”作宾语。若要具体表明是因为某事而祝贺某人，要用介词on（即说成congratulatesb.onsth.）。如“祝贺你取得成功”说成英语是：Icongratulateyouonyoursuccess.（2）congratulations是名词（通常用复数形式），它可以单独使用（意为：祝贺你；祝贺祝贺），也可在其后接介词短语来说明是因何事而祝贺或向谁祝贺（注意：接事时用介词on，接人时用介词to）。如：Congratulationstoyou,Mary.玛丽，祝贺你。congratulate以及congratulations表示祝贺时，可用于成功、获胜、结婚、毕业以及生日等场合，但一般不用于节日致词。回答祝贺一般用Thankyou之类表示感谢的套语。常用搭配：congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.向某人祝贺……congratulateoneselfon(doing)sth.暗自庆幸……congratulationstosb.on(doing)sth.因为某事向某人表示祝贺Congratulations!(口语)祝贺你！offersb.congratulationson...向某人祝贺某事congratulate和celebrate的区别：这两个动词均有“庆祝，祝贺”之意。congratulate指对他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。celebrate通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。graduation(n)(v)毕业graduate①.After,Paulfoundajobinabank.②.Shewas23whenshefromSunYat-senUniversity.graduationgraduatedaccessn.(接近的)方法;通路;(使用或见到的)机会accessibleadj.可进入的;可接近的;可使用的;容易理解的常