必修5第4单元重点单词讲解

Unit4Keywords1.involvevt.涉及，牵涉，包括Don’t______otherchildreninyourtrouble.beinvolvedin….参与，专注于。。。Morethanoneperson________thiscase.We’redelightedyou’recomingtoworkwithus.I’mverydelightedthatyoucancome.Iwasdelightedtobeinvitedtoherparty.2.delighted归纳拓展be\feeldelightedat\by\with…bedelightedtodosth.(begladtodosth.behappytodosth.bepleasedtodosth)toone’sdelight牛刀小试单项填空(1)Wewereall________toreceiveyourletterandreadit________delight.A．delight；inB．delighting；inC．delighting；withD．delighted；with解析：选D。bedelightedtodosth.“很高兴做某事”；withdelight高兴地。完成句子(1)I________________________(为你的成功而高兴)．答案：amdelightedat/by/withyoursuccess(2)________________(使他大为高兴的是)，hehasgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition.答案：Tohisgreatdelight3.admirev.佩服；羡慕；赞美____________n.崇拜者；爱慕者____________adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞扬的admirableadmirer⑴Hisbraveryis___________(admire).⑵Hecameupwithan___________(admire)idea.admirableadmirable4.assistvt.帮助；协助_____________n.助理；助手_____________n.帮助；援助assistanceassistant归纳拓展assistsb.withsth.assistsb.todosth.assistsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事易混辨析assist，helpassist与help同义，但着重指“协助”，受协助的人自己做一部分工作。help可指具体或抽象意义上的“帮助”。受帮助者可以出力，也可以不出力。⑴The________(assist)askedthebossfor________sothathecouldassisttheworkers_____improvingtheefficiency.⑵Wouldyouliketoassistme_____myEnglish?withassistantassistancein5.sub____vt.递交；呈递(文件等)；使服从，顺从。归纳拓展submitsth.tosb.向某人提交某物submitoneselfto...听任……Wehave_______homeworktoourteacher.(submit)Irefusetosubmit(myself)tohiscontrol.我不肯听任他的控制。6.eageradj.热切的；渴望的；热心的____________adv.热切地____________n.渴望；热心___________________[搭配]渴望干某事beeagertodosth.eagerlyeagerness⑴Heiseager____knowledgeaboutthepartyconstructionbecauseheiseager________(join)theparty.⑵Theseyoungpeopleshowgreat_______(eager)fornewknowledge.⑶Thechildrenwere________(eager)lookingforwardtothepartyfortojoineagernesseagerly牛刀小试单项填空(1)Simonwasanambitious(有雄心的)man,________forpowerandfame（名誉）.A．eagerB．worriedC．anxiousD．satisfied解析：选A。句意为：西蒙是一个有雄心的人，渴望权力和名声。由前面的关键词ambitious和搭配的介词for可知应用eager。7.concent_______集中，聚集concentrateon(doing)sth.专心(干)某事拓展：concentrateone’sattentionon把……集中在……归纳拓展1concentrateon/upondoingsth.专心干某事concentrateone’sattention/mind/thoughtson...集中注意力于……；专心于……concentrateone’seffortsonsth.全力以赴做某事2focusone’sattentionon集中精力于fixone’sattention/thoughtson全神贯注于beabsorbedin全神贯注于putone’sheartinto集中精力于单项填空(10)(2011年濮阳高二检测)Teenagersshould________theirstudiesthoughtherearealotofattractionsaroundthem.A．devotetoB．fixonC．concentrateonD．keepon解析：选C。devote后常跟宾语energy，time等，再加介词to；选项B若改为fixtheirattentionon也可选；concentrateonsth.专心干某事；keepondoingsth.继续干某事。句意：中学生无论如何应专心于学习，尽管周围有大量的诱惑物。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法专心学习。______________________________withallthatnoisegoingon.⑵我们应该致力于提高英语。Weshould____________ourattention____improvingEnglish.onIcan’tconcentrateonmystudiesconcentrate8.acquirevt.获得；养成；学到(get，gain，obtain)acquirea(good)knowledgeof得到……知识，精通运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。Graduallywe__________________inhowtodothework.acquiredexperience⑵我们应该努力养成良好的习惯。Weshouldtryto_____________________.⑶我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。Wemustworkhardto________________________________English.acquireagoodknowledgeofacquiregoodhabits(2)Lucyhas________allofthegoalsshesetforherselfinhighschoolandisreadyfornewchallengesatuniversity.A．acquiredB．finishedC．concludedD．achieved解析：选D。句意为：露西在高中已经实现了她为自己制定的所有目标，并准备在大学迎接新的挑战。achieveone’sgoal/aim“实现某人的目标”。9.informv._______informsb.ofsth.把某事告诉某人Heinformedme____yourdecision.他把你的决定告诉了我。of归纳：结构类似的词组还有：⑴________sb.ofsth.提醒某人某事⑵________sb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物⑶________sb.ofsth.治愈某人某病⑷________sb.ofsth.警告某人某事⑸________sb.ofsth.控告某人犯某罪remindrobcurewarnaccuse10.dependon依靠；依赖；取决于运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴我不想依靠别人来处理这个件事。Idon’twantto______________________________________thematter.⑵一切取决于我是否喜欢这个老板。Italldependson_______________________.whetherIlikethebossornotdependonotherstodealwith/11.casen．[C]情况；病例；案例；箱子。⑤Ifthisisthecase,Imustlethimknowit.如果情况是这样的话，我必须要让他知道。⑥Thatisoftenthecasewithhim.他总是这样。⑦Thepatientisacaseofflu.这位病人是流感的病例。归纳拓展incase以防；万一incaseof...假使……；万一……innocase决不置于句首时，句子用部分倒装inthis/thatcase假使这样/那样inanycase无论如何⑧Taketheumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.带上伞以防下雨。⑨Incaseoffire，ringthealarmbell.如遇火警，就按警铃。⑩InnocasewillIturnagainstmymotherland.我决不会背叛我的祖国。⑪Itissaidthatwe’llhavetodoextraworkonSunday.Inthatcase，wecan’tgotoamovie.听说星期天得加班。那样的话，我们就无法看电影去了。牛刀小试(1)________fire，allexitsmustbekeptclear.A．InplaceofB．InsteadofC．IncaseofD．Inspiteof解析：选C。考查短语辨析。inplaceof代替；insteadof代替；incaseof万一；inspiteof尽管。句意为：万一发生火灾，所有的出口必须保持畅通。只有C项符合句意。(2)Icanthinkofmanycases________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A．whyB．whichC．asD．where解析：选D。先行词cases后面的定语从句缺少状语，用关系副词where。句意为：我能想到许多情况：学生明显知道一些英语单词和表达但是不能写出一篇好文章。12.accusevt.指责；谴责；控告accusesb.ofsth.因……指责或控告某人运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴他被指控受贿。Hewasaccused____takingbribes.⑵很多员工指责老板不守信用。Manyworkers________________havingbrokenhiswordsaccusethebossofof归纳拓展1accusesb.ofdoingsth.指控/指责某人做了某事2accuse指控sb.ofdoingsth.charge指控sb.withdoingsth.accuse指责sb.ofdoingsth.blame责备sb.fordoingsth.3robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物curesb.of...医好某人的病；纠正某人的不良习惯ridsb./sth.