高中英语-过去完成时及其被动语态(共25张)

过去完成时过去的过去•一、表示在过去某一时间或以前已经完成了的动作或状态。•当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前，常用此时态。•BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.•二、表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直持续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作。•三、叙述过去发生的事，在已叙述了发生的事后，反过来追述，补述更早发生的事。•四、表示过去未曾实现的愿望，打算，意图。结构•had（用于各种人称和数）+过去分词•1、WhenIcametoShanghai,hehadbeenthereforalongtime.•2、Ididn'tknowathingabouttheverbs,forIhadnotstudiedmylesson.•3、Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.•主语+had+动词过去分词•①肯定句:主语+had+动词过去分词+其他.•②否定句:主语+had+not+动词过去分词+其他.•③疑问句:Had+主语+动词过去分词+其他?•肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.•否定回答:No,主语+hadn't.•④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+had+主语+过去分词+其他?•ThebushadalreadyleftbythetimeIgotthere.•ThebushadnotalreadyleftbythetimeIgotthere.•HadthebusalreadyleftbythetimeIgotthere?•whattimehadthebusalreadyleft?标志词•bythen（截至到那时）•bytheendof+过去的时间点•by+过去的时间点,•before+过去的时间点•already,just,ever,never,yet•when,assoonas,till/until•hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,exerrcise•1、Hesaidhe(work)inthatfactorysince1949.•2、IthoughtI(send)theletteraweekbefore.•3、Bytheendoflastmonth,I(live)inBeijingfor8years.•4、Hesaidthathe(learn)someEnglishbefore.hadworkedhadsenthadlivedhadlearned•5、Iarrivedlate,I(notexpect)theroadtobesoicy.•6、Shesaidthatshe(notbe)totheGreatWallyet.•7、Bytheendoflastyear,they(build)manynewhouses.•8、Byyesterdayevening,she(finish)readingthebook.•9、Hesaidthathe________(see)you.hadn'texpectedhadn'tbeenhadbuilthadfinishedhadseen•1、Whenshegothome,herchildren_______(sleep).•2、Beforetheyarrivedhere,thefilm____(star)already.•3、WhenIcamein,he_______(finish)hishomework.•4、What____Jane____(do)bythetimehewasseven?•5、HeaskedmewhereI_____(be)duringthesummerholidays.•6、I_____(learn)900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten.•7、Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____(cook)thedinneralready.•8、She_______(write)anumberofbooksbytheendoflastyear.被动语态结构•(1)肯定结构：主语+hadbeendone+其他成分•(2)否定结构：主语+hadnotbeendone+其他成分•(3)疑问句结构：had+主语+beendone+其他成分;•疑问词+had+主语+beendone+其他成分•Thetaskhadbeenfinishedbefore12:00yesterday.•Thetaskhadn'tbeenfinishedbefore12:00yesterday.•Hadthetaskbeenfinishedbefore12:00yesterday?•Whattimehadthetaskbeenfinishedyesterday?过去完成时被动语态的常用情况：•(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。•(2)在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。•(3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。•Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.•Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.•Astheassignmenthadbeendone,hewentontosearchtheInternet.•1、Bythetimehegottotheschool,thefirstperiod_______________(finish).•2、Howmanybuildings__________(destroy)whenthehurricaneended?•3、Hedidwhathe____________(tell)to.•4、Bytheendof1976,manybuildings_________(build)inthecity.hadbeenfinishedhadbeendestroyedhadbeentoldhadbeenbuilt•1、WhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismother____already____(send)tohospital.•2、Ithoughttheletter________(send)byhimaweekbefore.•3、Bytheendoflastyear,manynewhouses________(build)bythem.•4、Byyesterdayevening,thebook__________(finish)readingbyher.•5、Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,thedinner________(cook)already.总练习•1、WhenIgottoschool,thebell______(ring).•2、Shefoundthekeythatshe______(lose).•3、IreturnedthebookthatI______(borrow).•4、Theclassroom_________(clean)bystudentswhenthevisitorsarrived.•5、Thehouse_______(paint)byusbeforewemovedin.•7、Tomsaidthebook_______(read)byhimtwice•8、WhenIarrivedatthestation,he______(leave).•1、医生到时病人已死了。•Whenthedoctorarrivedthepatienthaddied.•2、我醒了，因为我做了个噩梦。•IwokeupbecauseIhadhadabaddream.•3、我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。•Whenwegottherethebasketballmatchhadalreadystarted.•4、据媒体报道，有上千人在地震中丧生。•Themediareportedmorethan1,000peoplehadbeenkilledintheearthquake.与现在完成时的区别•现在完成时被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作。•过去完成时被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。•Eg：Thispollutedriverhasbeencleaned.•这条被污染了的河流已被净化。•析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。•Eg：HesaidthisbookhadbeentranslatedintoJapanese.•他说这本书已被译成日语。•析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。•Eg：Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.•到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。（现在的时间）•Eg：Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.•到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。（过去的时间）与一般过去时的区别•时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”•而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。•比较:Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.•Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.•1、当从句由after，before，when或assoonas引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。•Whenhearrived,hecalledher.•Theylockedthedoorbeforetheyleft.•2.过去完成时表示过去的过去，不单独使用，一般和一般过去式一起使用。•3、当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外，在before，after，assoonas引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。•Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.