8D培训教材75142793

8D培訓教材Page:1of238DTrainingMaterial/培训教材CorrectiveActionProcedures8-DisciplineFormApproach用8D解决问题的正确行为步骤Preparedby:GMOfficeReleasedby:DCC编制部门:总经办发行部门:文控中心Contents/目录·Whatisthe8-Discipline？什麼是8D？·Whenshall8-Disciplinebeused？什麼時候用8D？·Containment＆Correctiveaction.暫時對策＆永久對策.·Goals.目標.·Responsibilities.職責.·The8-Disciplineindetail.8D詳細說明.·ProblemAnalysis.分析問題.·Theprocedureofproblemanalysis.分析問題的步驟.·Casestudy.案例研究.8D培訓教材Page:2of23Whatisthe8-Discipline?·ASystemicapproachutilizedforrootcauseFindingandproblemsolving----Discipline1:UseTeamApproach----Discipline2:DescribeTheProblem----Discipline3:DescribeTheRootCause----Discipline4:ContainmentPlan----Discipline5:PermannentC/APlan----Discipline6:VerificationOfEffectiveness----Discipline7:PreventRecurrence----Discipline8:CongratulateYourTeam,CaseClose.什么是8D?·8D是为寻找根本原因和解决问题而利用的一种系统方法.----步驟1:成立團隊----步驟2:描述問題----步驟3:真因分析----步驟4:暫時對策----步驟5:永久對策----步驟6:效果評估----步驟7:防止再現----步驟8:任務完成8D培訓教材Page:3of23Whenshall8-Disciplineused?·ThefalloutconsistentlyovertheDPPMgoal.·MeettheDPPMgoalbutonefailuremorethan20%tothefallout.·Adefectoccurredthatshouldhavebeencontainedwithintheprocess.·Thedefectisinducedbytheprocess.·Thefailingparamentwasnottestedbyprocess.什么时候用8D?·持續不良超過DPPM目標值.·達到DPPM目標值,但是某種原因引起的不良超過總不良數的20%.·應當在制程中的不良發生時,而在制程外發生.·制程引起的不良.·在制程中有不能被檢測出來的不良因素時.8D培訓教材Page:4of23Definitions-Containment＆CorrectiveAction·Containment-Shortterm,temporaryfix.·RiskassessmentofF/G＆Field.---Functional/Visualscreenofastatisticallysignificantsample.---ByScreening,Testing,Inspectionmethod--Nonvalueadded.---Failurecostishappene.·CorrectiveAction-Longterm,permanentfix.·Preventthedefectunitproduced.·Nofailurecost.暂时对策＆永久对策的定义·暫時對策---短期和暫時的決定.·成品＆已出成品的風險評估.----一個具有功能性或可視性的有統計意義的篩選樣品.----通過檢查,測試,篩選這些方法–沒有附加價值.----出現失敗成本.·永久對策---長期和永久決定.·預防不良產生.·無失敗成本.8D培訓教材Page:5of23Goals–SupplierDevelopmentProcess·Containmentplanavailablewithin2workingdaysofreceiptof8D.·Containmentplanimplementedwithin5workingdaysofreceiptof8D.·Correctiveactionplanavailablewithin5workingdaysofreceiptof8D.·CompanyagreedCorrectiveActioninplacewithin3monthsofreceiptof8D.目标–供应商改善程序·在接到8D的2個工作日內要得到可行的暫時對策.·在接到8D的5個工作日內要執行暫時對策.·在接到8D的5個工作日內要得到可行的永久對策.·在接到8D的3個月內要執行公司認同的永久對策.8D培訓教材Page:6of23Goals–SupplierRatingSystem·Problemidentificationandactionplanwithin48hoursofproblemnotification.·Containmentplanwithin24hoursofproblemidentification.·Correctiveactionplanwithin48hoursofrootcauseidentification.·Problemclosurewithin24hoursofrootcauseaction.目标–供应商改善的速率系统·在問題出現的48小時之內要去鑒定問題和制定計劃.·在鑒定問題完成後的24小時之內要有暫時對策.·在找到根本原因後的48小時之內要有永久對策.·在永久對策執行後的24小時之內問題得到解決.8D培訓教材Page:7of23Responsibilities·Theoriginator---Initiatethe8D.---Copythe8Dtoallcompanymanufacturingsites.（asapplicable）·Thesupplier.---Provideresponsesin8Dformat.---Communicate8Ddetailinternallyasnecessary.---RespondwithContainment/CorrectiveActionPlanaspergoals.---ProvideweeklyupdatestoCPQteamasperBusinessplan.---AchievegoalsontimescalesforimplementationofContainmentandCorrectiveActions.---Communicatecorrectiveactionplantoallsuppliersitesforawareness.职责·發行者.---最初的8D.---複印8D給公司的各個製造廠商.（如果可以的話）·供應商.---對8D的形式提供回應.---在內部傳達必要的8D詳細資料.---對每一個目標提供暫時和永久對策.---對每一個商業計畫都要每週提供修正給公司小組.---在執行暫時和永久對策的過程中要達到預先制定的目標.---傳達永久對策給所有的製造商以引起重視.8D培訓教材Page:8of23The8-DisciplineInDetail·Discipline1:UseTeamApproach·Discipline2:DescribeTheProblem·Discipline3:DescribeTheRootCause·Discipline4:ContainmentPlan·Discipline5:PermannentC/APlan·Discipline6:VerificationOfEffectiveness·Discipline7:PreventRecurrence·Discipline8:CongratulateYourTeam,CaseClose.8D的详细说明·步驟1:成立團隊·步驟2:描述問題·步驟3:真因分析·步驟4:暫時對策·步驟5:永久對策·步驟6:效果評估·步驟7:防止再現·步驟8:任務完成8D培訓教材Page:9of23Discipline1:TeamMembers·Selectandrecordinternalandexternalteammembers.·SelectTeamChampion.---Removeroadblocksfortheteam.·Selectateamleader.---Directefforts＆takesresponsibility.·Teamwork.步骤1:团队成员·挑選記錄內外部團隊成員.·選擇一個團隊資源支持者.---為團隊排除障礙.·選擇團隊領導.---工作努力＆負責.·團隊工作.8D培訓教材Page:10of23Discipline2:DescribetheProblem·Usedteamsunderstoodbythecustober.·Describethechangeinconditionorpre-existingconditionwhichcausedtheproblem.·Expresstheconditioninquantifiableteams.步骤2:问题描述·使用客戶易懂的術語.·描述不良情形或者引起不良的原因.·用定量的術語描述問題.8D培訓教材Page:11of23Discipline3:DefineTheRootCause·Describewhythechangeinconditionoccurred.oridentifythe“Hole”inthesystemwhichallowedthepre-existingconditiontogoundetected.·Categorizetherootcause,e.g.:---Material;---Machine;---Methods;---Manpower;---Maintenance;---Environment;步骤3:定义根本原因·說明為什麼會有不良問題出現,或者確定導致不良而沒有被發現的系統中存在的“漏洞”.·根本原因分類.例如:---材料;---儀器;---方法;---人為;---維護;---環境;8D培訓教材Page:12of23Discipline4:ContainmentPlan·Describewho,what,when＆howyouwillcaptureandcontainthedefectnow,andpreventthemfromgettingtothecustomer.·Considertheeffectofthecontainmentplanon:---Cost;---Delivery;---Inducementofothertypesofdefects;步骤4:暂时对策·描述何人，何物，何時＆怎樣—你才能發現和捕捉到不良問題，並且防止這些問題流到客戶手中.·考慮暫時對策的影響:---成本;---運輸;---導致其他不良的動機;8D培訓教材Page:13of23Discipline5:ImplementParamentC/A·Describewho,what,when＆howyouwillimplementchangesinmaterial,manpower,methods,etc.tototallyeliminatetherootcauseoftheproblem.·ConsiderparamentC/Aimpactupon:---Inducingoth