扩展五种句式

扩展五种基本句型故城县高级中学教师黄永丽跟初中英语相比，高中英语阅读中的句子更长，结构更复杂。高考的书面表达也要求用到复合句。万变不离其宗，长难句，复合句都是由五种基本句型扩展而来的。所以，你需要在熟练掌握五种基本句型的基础上，学会扩展句子。1.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)2．主语＋谓语(S＋V)3．主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)4．主语＋谓语＋双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)(S＋V＋Oi＋Od)5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋Oc)英语五种基本句型记忆歌英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。主语后面为动词，后接什么是关键；系词后面接表语；vi独身无牵连；vt又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见，还有宾语补足语；各种搭配记心间。1．主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)(1)系动词有：①be动词：am，is，are；例Theboyishappy.②感官系动词：look，sound，feel，taste，smell等；例Thissongsoundsbeautiful.③表示状态变化的系动词：become，get，grow，come，go,turn，fall等。例Theleavesturnyellow.Hebecomesasoldier.Yourdreamwillcometrue.④表示状态延续的系动词：remain，keep，stay，appear，seem等；例Everyonekeepsquiet.⑤终止系动词：prove，turnout等；例Thenewsturnsouttobetrue.(2)系动词后通常接形容词或名词作表语，也可以接非谓语动词作表语；另外，系动词通常不可用于进行时态，也无被动式。例Herworkislookingafterchildren.扩展方法1.给主语加定语，给形容词加副词做状语例Theboyishappy。Thelittleboyisveryhappy.Thelittleboywhohassmalleyesisveryhappy.Everyonekeepsquiet.Everyoneintheclassroomkeepsquiet.2.加时间或地点状语。Thelittleboyisveryhappytoday.Thelittleboywhohassmalleyesisveryhappywhenheisathome.Hebecameapianistattheageof15.3.给作表语的名词加定语ThemanwhoIvisitedlastweekbecameafamouspianistattheageof15.4.主语或表语替换成从句WhatIwanttoknowiswhowillattendthemeeting.2．主语＋谓语(S＋V)其中谓语是不及物动词，后面不能接宾语。例Thesunrises.扩展方法1.加副词,介词短语,状语从句等.例.Thesunrisesintheeast.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.2.给主语加定语，给动词加状语Theredsunrisesslowlyintheeast.Theteacherinwhitecamebackinahurrywhenwewereeating.Theteacherwhohelpedmecamebackwhenwewereeating.3．主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)其中谓语是及物动词，后面要接宾语。1.给主语或宾语加定语，例Themanwasplayingagame.Thehandsomeyoungmanwasplayingagamewhichteacherstookpartin.2.加时间或地点状语。ThehandsomeyoungmanwasplayingagamewhichteacherstookpartinonSeptember1st,2015.3.加定语从句或状语从句ThegirlwhocamefromBritainboughtmanygiftswhenshewasinChina.4．主语＋谓语＋双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)(S＋V＋Oi＋Od)可直接跟双宾语的动词有：（1）需借助to的：tell,send,give,bring,leave(留下），passread,write,take,show,teach,lend,return,hand,throw等。例Hegavemeapen.(＝Hegaveapentome.)（2）需借助for的：get,buy,cook,fetch,choose,sing等。Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.(＝Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme.)用to侧重指动作的方向，用for侧重指动作的受益者。5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋Oc)可以作宾语补足语有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语或非谓语动词例Ifoundhimagoodpupil.Ifoundthedooropen.Shefoundherselfinhospital.Shefoundherselflyingonthefloor.Shefoundherselftiedtoatree.Hisfatherdon’tallowhimtowatchTVatnight.扩展方法：主语或宾语替换成从句当宾语是动词不定式或从句时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面，以使句子平衡。Ifeelitimportanttodoso.Hemadeitclearwhathewanted.Ithoughtitstrangethathehadn'tcome.Whathedidmademeveryangry.[巩固练习]①S＋V＋P②S＋V③S＋V＋O④S＋V＋Oi＋Od⑤S＋V＋O＋OcⅠ.判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型。1．IwatchedTVlastnight.________2．Welivehappilytogether.________3．Helentmehiscar.________4．Thefoodwentbad.________5．Wewatchedthemplayfootballyesterday.________③②④①⑤Ⅱ.按要求转换基本句型，并保持句子意思基本不变。1．Mr.LiuisourEnglishteacher.(用句型④)→__________________________________2．Hiseyesareblue.(用句型③)→__________________________________3．Sheisgoodatdancing.(用句型②)→__________________________________4．Ilikeapplebestofallthefruit.(用句型①)→____________________________________5．Wethinkheisagoodman.(用句型⑤)→____________________________________Mr.LiuteachesusEnglish.Hehasblueeyes.Shedanceswell.Appleismyfavouritefruit.Wethinkhimagoodman.