英语笔译常用词语应试手册

《英语笔译常用词语应试手册》分类整理和扩展补充从头开始整理。书上的词条按照拼音排序，不便于类比记忆，我按照自己的理解重新排序，并且加入了相关的词和短语。欢迎大家纠错。每章整理完会形成word文档放到网盘上。第一部分第一章（国情）和第二章（政治）综合整理1.国家爱国统一战线patrioticunitedfrontpatri-表示“父”之义，父的，父系的patriot爱国者，爱国主义者patriotism爱国主义，爱国精神patriotismeducation爱国（主义）教育patriotic爱国的patrioticsongs爱国歌曲祖国motherlandhomelandfatherland国家country侧重疆土和人口developingcountries发展中国家nation侧重民族Chinesenation中华民族state侧重政治意义上的国家，政府和政体statecouncilor国务委员中华人民共和国Thepeople’sRepublicofChinaPRCfront前线atthefront在前线frontline也作firstline，除表示“前线”外，还可以表示“第一线，基层”，“前沿”等义2.改革改革reform用作动词，名词和形容词改革开放reformandopening-up改革攻坚furtherreformindifficultareas;tacklehardissuesinthereform改革试点pilotreformprogram人事制度改革reformofpersonnelsystem住房制度改革reformofhousingsystem经济体制改革economicrestructuring教育改革educationalreform课程改革curriculumreform宗教改革religiousreform;theReformation3.社会社会society人类社会humansociety现代社会modernsociety原始社会primitivesociety奴隶社会slave/slaverysociety封建社会feudalsociety资本主义社会capitalistsociety社会主义社会socialistsociety共产主义社会communistsociety社会的social社会主义socialism社会主义的socialist也作“社会主义者，社会党员”社会结构socialstructure社会组织形式thewaysocietyisorganized社会利益结构interestsofdifferentsocialgroups社会信用体系socialcreditsystem社会主义核心价值观coresocialistvalues社会主义荣辱观SocialistConceptofHonorandDisgrace和谐社会harmonioussociety社会演变socialevolution社会惰性socialweakening社会渣滓bottomdregs3.体系，体制和制度体系system也作“制度”创新体系innovationsystem社会保障体系socialsecuritysystem城镇社会保障体系urbansocialsecuritysystem社会信用体系socialcreditsystem城乡公共就业服务体系urbanandruralsystemsforprovidingpublicemplowymentservices城乡社会救助体系urbanandruralemergencyaidsystem宏观调控体系macro-controlsystem城镇职工基本养老保险制度basicold-ageinsurancesystemforurbanworkers农村合作医疗制度systemofruralcooperativemedicalsystem低保制度subsistencesecuritysystem招标投标制thesystemofpublicbiddingforprojects股份制thejointstocksystem股份合作制thejointstockcooperativesystem实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制practicethesystemofthegeneral-managerresponsibilityundertheleadershipoftheboardofdirectors(BOD)人事制度改革reformofpersonnelsystem4.住房问题民生people’swellbeing住房制度改革reformofhousingsystem城镇住房制度改革reformofurbanhousingsystem人均住房per-capitahousing短租房short-termhousing/accommodation二手房second-handhouse;pre-ownedhouse经济适用房affordablehousing住房公积金housingprovidentfund;publicaccumulationfundforhousing;publichousingreservefund期房forwarddeliveryhousing按揭贷款mortgageloan按揭购房buyanapartmentonamortgage房奴mortgageslave入住率occupancyrate商品房空置现象thevacancyproblemincommercialhousing简易过渡房makeshiftshelter廉租房low-renthousing群租客tenantgroups两限房houseoftwolines;housewithlimitedpriceandhabitablearea学区房school-nearbyhouse平房改造工程renovationprojectofshantydwellingsshanty平房，棚屋筒子楼tube-shapedapartmentbuilding蜗居dwellingnarrowness蚁族anttribe基层社区grassrootcommunity物业管理propertymanagement;estatemanagement5.公务员公务员public/civilservant公务车state-financedvehicle公共服务和社会管理publicserviceandadministration面子/形象工程vanity/imageproject地方保护主义regionalprotectionism重复建设项目overlapping/redundantproject低水平重复建设low-levelredundantdevelopment地方regional,local（当地）乡长townshiphead乡镇企业townshipenterprises下基层锻炼temperoneselfinagrassrootsunit基层监督grassrootssupervision6.国家战略和政策战略strategy科教兴国战略thestrategyofinvigoratingChinathroughthedevelopmentofscienceandeducation西部大开发战略westerndevelopmentstrategy;thestrategyofdevelopingwesternregion采取市场多元化战略adoptthestrategyofamulti-outletmarket科学发展观scientificoutlookondevelopment以人为本putpeoplefirst统筹兼顾可持续发展战略thestrategyofsustainabledevelopment依法治国runthecountryaccordingtolaw依法行政意识considerationtocarryingouttheirofficialdutiesinaccordancewithlaw依法行政，公正严明的法治政府agovernmentthatrespectslegalsystmeandrulesstrictlyandimpartially南水北调South-to-Northwaterdiversion西电东送transmissionofelectricityfromthewesterntotheeasternregion7.就业问题就业问题employmentproblem政府促进就业的责任responsibilityofthegovernmentforstimulatingemployment城乡公共就业服务体系urbanandruralsystemsforprovidingpublicemplowymentservices减轻就业压力easethepressureofunemployment(theemploymentpressure)城镇登记失业率registeredunemploymentrateincitiesandtowns就业教育（美国六至十年级学生）就业指导employmentguidance下岗职工unemployedworkersandstaff;laid-offemployees再就业下岗人员re-employementoflaid-offworkers接受了新文化的工人acculturatedworker农村富余劳动力surplusrurallabor???剩余劳动力surpluslabor农村劳动力转移就业ruralworkersfindworkinnonagricultralsectors农民工migrantworker同城待遇identicaltreatment保障年度收入guaranteedannualincome绩效工资meritpay双职工workingcouple贫富差距disparityinwealthdistribution收入差距？incomegap扭转收入差距扩大的趋势reversethewideningincomegap贫困人口impoverishedpeople扶贫基金anti-povertyfunds城乡社会救助体系urbanandruralemergencyaidsystem贫老救济agedpoorrelief改良贫困状况ameliorationofpoverty农村合作医疗制度systemofruralcooperativemedicalsystem低保制度subsistencesecuritysystem城市低收入者low-incomecitydwellers中低收入城市居民middle-andlow-incomeurbanresidents城镇职工基本养老保险制度basicold-ageinsurancesystemforurbanworkers养老保险old-ageinsurance养老保险制度old-agesecuritysystem处于最低生活保障线之上minimumearner最低生活保障线minimunsubsistencelevel贫困线povertyline贫困县？最低生活保障subsistanceallowance低收入家庭low-incomefamily/household退休金双轨制dualpensionscheme8.政体全国人大代表deputytotheNationalPeople’sCongress全国人民代表大会NationalPeople’sCongress(NPC)全国人民代表大会主席团NPCPresidium全国政协委员memberofthenationalcommitteeoftheCPPCC人民团体massorganizations政治体制改革politicalrestructuring信息流通和参与政治的机会accesstoinformationandpoliticalparticipat