How to become a man of genius课文讲解

HowtobecomeamanofgeniusBertrandRussellPre-readingquestionHowdoyoudefinegenius?1someonewhohasexceptionalintellectualabilityandoriginality;2unusualmentalability3someonewhoisdazzlinglyskilledinanyfield4exceptionalcreativeability5anaturaltalentThemainideaaboutthisarticle?Ignorefactandreason,liveentirelyintheworldofyourownfantasticandmyth-producingpassions;dothiswhole-heartedlyandwithconviction,andyouwillbecomeoneoftheprophetsofyourage.不要理会事实和理性，完全生活于由你自己的奇思妙想的激情所构建的世界中，并全心全意坚定信念狠抓落实，你将成为你时代中的一个圣人。para.1•Amanofgeniusknowsitallwithouttheneedofstudy;hisopinionsarepontificalanddependfortheirpersuasivenessuponliterarystyleratherthanargument.•twonecessity:one-sided&prejudicesandpassionspara.2•Carlyle卡莱尔•Nietzsche尼采•D.H.Lawrence劳伦斯•Aztec阿兹特克o•ThomasCarlyle(1795-1881)Scottishhistorianandpoliticalphilosopher．Themeritoforiginalityisnotnovelty;itissincerity.Thebelievingmanistheoriginalman;whatsoeverhebelieves,hebelievesitforhimself,notforanother.Geniusisaninfinitecapacityfortakingpains.Nietzsche,Friedrich(Wilhelm)(1844-1900),•Germanphilosopher,poet,andclassicalphilologist,oneofthemostprovocativeandinfluentialthinkersofthe19thcentury.•BeknownforcriticizingChristianity'scompassionfortheweak,glorifyingthewilltopower.•Theideaof“overmanorsuperman”D.H.Lawrence(1885–1930)•Englishauthor,oneoftheprimaryshapersof20th-centuryfiction.•AllofLawrence’snovelsarewritteninalyrical,sensuous,oftenrhapsodicprosestyle•SonsandLovers(1913),TheRainbow(1915),andWomeninLove(1921)Aztec•阿兹特克（或译为阿兹台克、阿兹提克）是一个在14世纪－16世纪的墨西哥古文明，其传承的阿兹特克文明与印加文明、玛雅文明并称为中南美三大文明.•阿兹特克文明（AztecCivilization）是墨西哥古代阿兹特克人所创造的印第安文明，是美洲古代三大文明之一。主要分布在墨西哥中部和南部。形成于14世纪初，1521年为西班牙人所毁灭。•其特异习俗之一是以活人为祭品，每年有数千人被祭神灵。武士以献身祭坛为荣。para.3•learntheartofdenunciation.•denounceinsuchawaythatyourreaderthinksthatitistheotherfellowwhoisbeingdenouncedandnothimself.•Youmustdenouncepersonswhoseemotionsareatrophied,personstowhomonlyploddingstudycanrevealthetruth.Translation•Itisessentialtoappealtoprejudicesandpassionsofwhichmenhavebeguntofeelashamedandtodothisinthenameofsomenewineffableethic.必须在某种避讳的伦理的名义下去关注人们开始觉得难为情的偏见和激情。•HescourstheworldforwhatisancientanddarkandlovesthetracesofAzteccrueltyinMexico.他在全世界搜寻古老而阴暗的东西，钟情于墨西哥阿兹特克人留下的体现其残酷的遗迹。•Womanexists,inhisphilosophy,onlyassomethingsoftandfattoresttheherowhenhereturnsfromhislabors.•按照他的哲学，女性的存在就是为劳累一天而归的伟大男性提供一块又软又滑的温柔乡。•Youmustdenouncepersonswhoseemotionsareatrophied,personstowhomonlyploddingstudycanrevealthetruth,forweallknowthattheseareotherpeople,andweshallthereforeviewwithsympathyyourpowerfuldiagnosisoftheevilsoftheage.•你最好批评那些情感迟钝的人，那些需要慢慢剖析才能反应过来的人，因为我们都知道有这样的人，因此我们要满怀同情观看你对时代病症有力的诊断。LanguagepointsWeigh（衡量）V.considersomethingcarefullysoastomakeadecisionaboutite.g.youhavetoweighthecostofthenewsystemagainstthebenefitsitwillbring.Weighsb/sthup/against掂量；衡量•Weighon压在...心头；使烦恼；使担忧•Weighdown使...负重担；使疲惫不堪；使沉重•weightedadj.加重的;加权的•weighingn.称(量重);权衡;权重•weightsn.砝码•weightingn.加权;加重;称量;评价•weightyadj.重要的;沉重的;有力的•weightliftingn.举重•weightlessadj.无重量的;无重力的•weightlessnessn.失重•weighin(拳击手等)比赛之前量体重;加入（比赛或辩论等）•weight-liftv.举重•weightinessn.重;沉重;重要性•weightloss重量减轻;失重•weighbridgen.地秤•weight-loss减肥其它Recipe（秘诀，食谱，药方）Tooursurprise,sheknowstherecipeforcockie-leekie.Beingtolerantissupposedtobearecipeforhappymarriage.Armedsuppressionappearedtobearecipeforquickeneddoom.武装的镇压似乎是加快厄运的良方recipehandeddownfromancestors祖传秘方Novelty（新奇的事物，新奇）Trainsarestillsomethingofanoveltyintheremotemountainousarea.Thelittleboyenjoyedgardeningatfirstbutthenoveltysoonworeoff消失.Sheisfondofcollectingnoveltieswherevershetravels.•noveltyin在…方面有新意•noveltyto对…来说是新奇的事物v.擦洗；搜寻；腹泻Scourn.擦洗；腹泻Theyoungmusicologists音乐者scourthecountrysidetocollecttheancientballads歌谣.Thewholelandscapeisscouredofvegetation植被.•scourforv.搜索•scouroffv.擦掉;洗去•scouroutv.冲刷成Denounce（谴责；告发；通告废除）denouncefor因…而谴责,就…告Thepublicdenouncedthemayorforneglectofduty.denounceto向…告发Temptedbythehugereward,sheeventuallydenouncedhimtothesecretpolice.adj.自以为是的；武断的；教皇的；n.主教于祭典所用的书；主教的祭服What’smostunendurabletoherabouthimishispontificalattitudetowardshisso-calledachievement.pontificalpapal罗马教皇的portentous前兆的pompous傲慢的episcopal主教的self-important妄自尊大的grandiose宏伟的pretentious自命不凡的apostolic使徒的grandiloquent辞藻浮华的apostolical使徒的overblown停息的相关的词vehemence[‘viːəməns]热烈，猛烈(n.)Anger,Passion,eagerness,etcTocontain（抑制）theinnervehemenceundersuchanexhilarating（令人振奋的）[ɪɡ'zɪləreɪtɪŋ]circumstanceisbeyondhispower.ineffableStandingrightinfrontofher,hefoundhiscomplicatedemotionsstillsoineffable.无法形容的；说不出的；避讳的indescribable不能用语言表达的...unutterable难以言表的unspeakable不能以言语表达的...indefinable难以说明的inexpressible不能用语言表达的...beyondwords无法用语言表达...overwhelming势不可挡的unnamable无以名状的synonymBeprovidedThefoodwasdishedupwhenthegueststooktheirseatsatthediningtable.在客人们就座后，菜就端上来了Bedishedupdecry责难；诽谤Blame,reproach;devalue,depreciationThegentlemotherisnolongerabletodecryhernaughtysonseeingthathetrulyfeelsguilty.decrysbdecrydoingsthadj.讼棍的；骗人的；讲歪理的n.讼棍；诡辩；欺骗Payingtoomuchattentiontounimportant,boringniggling琐碎的detailsTherearequitesomepettifoggingpeoplewhomwemayhavetoconfrontinourlife,evenagainstourwills.Pettifogging