六级改错满分策略讲义(PPT)

ErrorCorrection改错突破Checklist1.缺词/多词2.名词：数；可数性3.形容/副词：形式/级4.近义5.搭配6.时态/语态7.动词8.虚拟语气9.非谓语动词10.As/like结构11.定语从句的关系词12.前后照应a.主谓一致b.时态一致c.指代一致d.修辞一致13.逻辑关系：连词/连接性副词反义词其它1缺词/多词缺漏及赘述错误主要表现为漏掉介词、代词、关系词、冠词、连词等或重复意义相同或相近的词语以及出现两个主语等。单数可数名词一般前应有冠词，但有些固定搭配中不用冠词Dishwashersandwashingmachinesdojobsthatwereoncedonebythehand.by(the)handbyhand1缺词/多词不及物动词作谓语的关系代词前的介词IsuddenlyrealizedthatmyownparentsaretheoneswhomIcanrely.(on)whom不及物动词后接宾语应添加介词Butperhapsweshouldlookatbothsidesofthecoinbeforearrivinghastyconclusions.Thisleadschangesinthewayoflife.arriving(at)/leads(to)固定搭配中是否缺介词，注意隔离修饰Ineveryhomeastereoortelevisionwillfilltheroomssound.filltherooms(with)sound短语中是否漏词句子结构是否完整Inthenineteenthcentury,farmworkandlifewerenotmuchchangedfromthattheyhadbeenintheolddays.Thatwhat（原从句缺少宾语）定语从句中是否多了主语和宾语MoreexamplesWehavetomakecleartoeachworkerthateverybodymustobservetheserules．makemakeit宾语为动词不定式或从句时，必须在动词与宾语补足语之间加上形式宾语it。Thoughwehaveknowngreatdealaboutspace，westillhavealottolearn.greatdealagreatdeal(修饰不可数名词)Thesongssoundedviaradiosinrestaurants，fromcarspassingonthehighwaysandshoeshine(擦皮鞋)parlors．and(in)shoeshineparlors此处应是与前面词组inrestaurants和fromcars并列的介词短语Bothnaturalandsyntheticman-maderubberareoflittlevalueintheirrawstate．去掉synthetic或man-madeMonsoonwinds（季风），sometimesmaskedbyotherfeaturesofthegeneralatmosphericcirculation，theyareassociatedwithnearlyalllargecontinentallandmasses．去掉they同Monsoonwinds重复2名词名词的限定ThedaybeforethespeechcontestEnglishteacher…my可数名词前通常要加修饰语。此句虽然有English，但指代不明。根据上下文，加上my比较贴切。名词可数与不可数的误用Toomuchtestsaredisadvantageforstudents’study.（误）Inmodernsociety,peopleareundervariouspressures（误）名词的单复数1)…andaskedmelotsofquestion.Questions“question”为可数名词，在lotsof后面，应加-s。2)Westudyquiteafewsubject，suchasmaths,…subjectsAfew后面应跟可数名词的复数形式。3)…andoftenwatchfootballmatchonTV…matches经常观看足球赛，Match时可数名词，应用复数形式。4)Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess，…schoolmates此处为复数概念，应加上-s。3形容/副词与比较1.形容词用来修饰名词或作表语；副词修饰形容副词或动词：经常有误用Itisessentialthatpeoplebepsychologicalabletoresisttheimpactbroughtaboutbythetransitionfromplannedeconomytomarketeconomy.Psychologicalpsychologically修饰形容词Manhasusedmetalsforcenturiesingradualincreasingquantities.Gradualgradually修饰动词（现在分词形式）2.系动词和感官动词后接形容词。系动词包括be,appear,seem,become,turn,go,come,grow,keep,感官动词包括feel,smell,taste,sound,look等。其中有些系动词又可以做实义动词：become成为,appear出现,turn转动,go去,come来,grow种植/成长,keep保留Ifrequentlyfeelweaklyanddissatisfiedwithmyself．Allthedishestastemostdeliciously.WeaklyweakDeliciouslydelicious3.-ly结尾的词不一定都是副词，如friendly,woolly长绒毛的,costly昂贵的,lonely,elderly,olderly,fatherly,brotherly,deadly等，注意区分。4.以a-开头的形容词一般只作表语：afraid,alike,akin,alive,alone,asleep,awake,ashamed,afloat,alight发亮/燃着的等。如果用作了定语，则需更换成相应形式。5.有些副词有两种形式，但意义不同，需加以区分High高highly：高度地Deep深deeply：深深地Wide宽/大widely：广泛/大大地Hard努力hardly：几乎不Near近nearly：几乎/将近close近closely：细心/严密/密切Late迟lately：最近Most最mostly：主要/通常Just刚/仅/正好justly公平/正当/精确地Pretty相当/非常prettily漂亮地/令人愉悦地Right就/正是/顺利rightly正确/当/公正地Slow缓慢(go/run/speak/read)slowly慢慢/渐渐地Loud/loudly大声地（louder/loudest）Fair公平/公正/正好fairly相当/适度/公正Easy不着急/慢慢/容易easily轻易/容易/很可能Dead突然/完全/直接deadly极为/死一般地Clean完全/一直cleanly干净利落地Clear清楚/完全/远离clearly清楚/显然/明亮Hegotup,walkedacrosstheroom,andwithasharpquickmovementflungthedoorwidelyopen.Widelyopenwideopen6.比较结构中，一般用than来连接，但有些词用to如：superior/inferior/senior/junior.或者as…as…Theirfieldsyieldtwiceasmuchcornthisyearthantheydidlastyearafteradoptingtheadvancedtechnology.Thanas7.有些词本身就是最高级不可在添加more/mostexcellent;perfect;complete；entire(ly);extreme;unique;round;dead;alive;ultimate;utter;square等。Theymaylearnthatquestionswhichseemedmostentirelyobjectivethenappeartobehighlybiasedtosomeoneelse.Mostentirelyentirely8.混淆比较的两部分。如：Theclimateinthecoastalcitiesismuchwarmerthanintheinteriorcities．（在than与in之间应加指示代词that——句中用于比较的两个部分是气候而不是地区。）4近义词某些近义词表面意思讲得通，但不贴切或不准确，需要进行替换。Decidinghowmuchdiscomfortandriskwearepreparedtoputupwithinthenameofbetterhealthisahighpersonalmatter.Highhighly极为/高度Betweensunriseandsunset,streetsandhighwaysareaconstantsourceofvoicefromcars,buses…Voicenoise5搭配主要涉及形容词、名词、动词等与介词的搭配；动词、形容词与名词的搭配以及比较结构等固定搭配。Onsomefields,thishasclearlynothappened.OnsomefieldsinWeaskedalady,whorepliedthatshethoughtyoucouldtellawell-manneredpersononthewaytheyoccupiedthespacearoundthem…Onthewayby/fromthewayThishasprobablybeenthecaseinquiteawhile.InforSuchreasonsaretotallydependentinthebalanceofrisksandbenefitsforthepatients.DependentindependentonIfhewasabsentbecauseofsickness,therewasoftennojobfromhimwhenhereturned.FromhimforhimWehavelittletimetoreadsomebookswhichweinterest.areinterestedin.6时态和语态根据时间状语（包括副词（词组）和从句）或逻辑对句子的时态作出正确判断。Wheretuberculosis（肺结核）vanished,itcameback.VanishedhadvanishedBythetimethesunsetsthisevening,IwillhavefinishedthebookIamwritingforthelastsixyears.amwritinghavebeenwritingIwaswalkingalongtheroad,andtherearenotsomanycarsonthestreet.Therearetherewere熟记事态的特殊规律陈述真理或常识性事件时，用一般现在时时间、条件从句中不能用将来时静态动词不能用进行时态：a.be动词和have(有)b.applyto;belongto;differfrom;cost;weigh;measu