比较级、最高级讲义

形容词、副词比较级、最高级讲义比较级、最高级的构成：一、规则变化：①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er,--estEg:tall---taller--tallestsmart---smarter----smartest②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-rEg:nice---nicer--nicestlarge---larger--largest③以“辅音+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er”Eg:early---earlier--earliesthappy---happier--happiestbusy---busier--busiest④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-erEg:big---bigger--biggesthot---hotter--hottest⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加moreEg:popular---morepopular---mostpopularimportant---moreimportant---mostimportant二、不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good/well---better---bestbad/ill---worse---worstmany/much---more----mostold---older/elder---eldestlittle---less---leastfar---farther/further--farthest/furthest考点总结：一、原级用法：1、表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。Eg.Iamastallasyou.我和你一样高。HerunsasfastasI.他跑得和我一样快。2．表达“A不如B”用notas…as的结构。公式:A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+BA+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+BEgIamnotastallasyou.我没有你高。Hedoesn’trunasfastasI.他没有我跑得快。注意：否定句可以换成notso.......as,肯定句不可替换。Iamnotsotallasyou.❤Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe________.A.aspoliteaspossibleB.aspoliteaspossiblyC.aspolitelyaspossibleD.aspolitelyaspossibly❤Thisbookis____thatone,but____thanthatone.A.asdifficultas;expensiveB.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensiveC.asdifficultas;moreexpensiveD.moredifficultas;asexpensive二、比较级用法1、比较级+than表示两者差级Iamtallerthanyou.我比你高。HerunsfasterthanI.他跑得比我快。❤Whichis___country,ChinaorJapan?A.thelargeB.thelargerC.largerD.largest❤Whichdoyoulike___,teaorcoffee?A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most2、比较级单独使用Bemorecarefulnexttime.Itiscoldertoday.Ihopetogetabetterhob.3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer．天气越来越暖和。Heisrunningfasterandfaster．他跑得越来越快。注意：0urcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。❤Atlasthebegantocry___.A.hardandhardB.morehardandmorehardC.harderandharderD.lesshardandlessharder4、“themore…，the…”表示“越……，就越……”，Themore，thebetter.越多越好Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越细心，犯错就越少。❤___Ilookatthepicture,____Ilikeit.A.Thebest;themoreB.Themore;thelessC.Themore;lessD.More;themore❤___youcomeback,_____itwillbe.A,Thequicker;thebestB.Thesooner;thebetterC.Faster;thebetterD.Thesooner;better注意：1、more不可修饰比较级，much可以，意为：.......得多，更........Shelooks________youngerthanme.A.moreB.Much❤Ithinkscienceis_thanJapanese.A.muchimportantB.importantB.C.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant2、相比较的必须是同一类。theweatherofBeijingiscolderthan___________A.ShanghaiB.thatC.thatofShanghaiD.it3、在同意范围内要使用other排除本身。①Chinaislargerthan_________inAsia.A.otherB.anyother②Tomistallerthan__________inMary’sClass.B.otherB.anyother❤Mathsismorepopularthan____.A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject三、最高级用法1．the+最高级+比较范围1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词可省略TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。Heruns(the)fastestinthesportsmeeting.在运动会上他跑的最快。❤Whichmonthis____,June,JulyorAugust?A.hotB.hotterC.hottestD.thehottest四、比较级、最高级修饰语1、比较级修饰语：①程度修饰much,alittle,even,alot,abit等HeismuchtallerthanI.他比我要高得多。Ijumpalittlehigherthanhe.我跳得比他高一点点。Therainmakeslifeevenharder.雨天使生活更艰难了。②数量修饰,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Iamtwoyearsolderthanhe.我比他大两岁。Thisbuildingis20metershigherthanthatone.这栋楼比那栋高20米。❤Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis___today.A.evenhotterB.morehotterC.muchmorehotD.muchhot❤Theearthisabout____asthemoon.A.asfiftytimesbigB.fiftytimesasbigC.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig❤Yourroomis____mine.A.twiceaslargethanB.twicethesizeofC.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas2、最高级修饰语序数词修饰语：Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.非洲是第二大洲。❤Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest