被动语态和主谓一致(module 1必修三)

PassiveVoice被动语态1.Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldandisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.2.…theLouvre,isalsolocatedinParis.3.ManyofFlorence’smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureswereproducedbygreatartists.4.InEurope,whereitbegan,Carnivalwasfollowedbyfortydays.5.Theirusewaslimitedbylaws.被动语态•含义：•结构：语态：表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态指主语与谓语动作之间是被动关系，主语是动作的承受者。be+动词过去分词（done）时态变化怎样体现？Englishisspokenbyus.主动句变成被动句可以省略E.g.WespeakEnglish.动作的承受者动作的发出者Makethesesentencespassive.1.AboutamilliontouristsvisitFlorenceeachyear.Florenceisvisitedbyaboutamilliontouristseachyear.2.TenmillionpeoplevisitedLondonlastyear.Londonwasvisitedbytenmillionpeoplelastyear.4.Picassodidn’tpainttheMonaLisa.TheMonaLisawasn’tpaintedbyPicasso.3.ThousandsofworkersbuilttheGreatWallofChina.TheGreatWallofChinawasbuiltbythousandsofworkers.被动语态的特殊情况：一无被动类不及物动词（vi.）和不及物动词短语无被动如：happen,die,appear,sit,takeplace,breakout,cometrue,belongto…eg：这座房子属于我父母。Thehousebelongstomyparents.战争爆发了。Thewarbrokeout.二.据说类动词：say,consider,think,report,know,believe,suggest…..句型：Itissaid/reported/believedthat…据说/据报道/据大家认为……..Sth./Sb.issaidto…eg.Itissaidthatwewillhave2daysoffthisweekend.eg.据说周末要放两天假三、感官使役动词常省to，但变成被动时要补上to“make,have,see,watch,notice,lookat,observe,let,,hear,listento,feel(五看三使两听一感觉)eg：OurChineseteachermadehimcleantheclassroom.HewasmadetocleantheclassroombyourChineseteacher.四、主动表被动1.需要类的词eg:房子需要修。sthneed/want/require+doing=sthneed/want/require+tobedoneThehouseneedsrepairing/toberepaired.2.动词sell,wash,write,clean等，与副词well,easily,smoothly（顺滑）...连用表主语的性质时，主表被。eg:这些书卖得好。这支笔写字很滑Thebookssellwell.Thepenwritessmoothly.X3.连系动词均不用被动语态，只用主动语态。get,become,turn,go,grow,feel,sound,smell,taste,turn…家常菜尝起来很好吃。Home-madedishesaretastedgood.Home-madedishestastegood.√这本书值得读Thebookisworthreading.4.beworthdoing值得......(主动表被动)Practice1.—Whereisyourcar,Bob?—Look,it______overthere.A.washingB.iswashingC.iswashedD.isbeingwashed2.WhenIcamebacktomyhometown,Ifoundmanyfactories______.A.builtupB.werebuiltupC.havebeenbuiltupD.hadbeenbuiltup10.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey______innotime.A.soldoutB.hadbeensoldoutC.weresoldoutD.wouldsell4.Itwasreportedthatabigfire______atmidnightinthecenterofthecity.A.brokeoutB.wasbrokenoutC.washappenedD.wastakenplace主谓一致•含义：主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致•Iamhappy.•Heishappy.•Theyarehappy.•IliveinMianYang•HelivesinMianYang•用法：•一.谓语由主语的形式决定•1.noneof/therestof/分数/百分数+名词作主语时，如果这些词后面的名词是可数名词复数则用V复，若为不可数N,则用V单•二、谓语用单数形式•1.oneof+n复+V单•2.each/either/neither作主语或主语的一部分的时候+V单•3.由and连接两个单数n表同一人、物或不可分割的整体时+V单•4.manya/morethanone+单数名词+V单•5.表数目，时间，金额的名词复数作主语时也可+V单eg.1.Twothirdsoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.2.Therestofthestudentsarewateringtrees.三、就近原则•当主语由notonly…butalso,not….but….,•either….or…..,neither…..nor…..连接或在therebe句型中时eg1.EitherheorIamwrong.eg2.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherisactiveinsportsandgames.四、就远原则当主语由with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,inadditionto…连接时遵循就远原则。eg.Theteacheraswellasthestudentsishappywiththeresultsoftheexam.•Thankyou!