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Lesson83-84GoingonholidayCAROL:Hello,Sam.Comein.TOM:Hi,Sam.We’rehavinglunch.Doyouwanttohavelunchwithus?SAM:No,thankyou.Tom.I’vealreadyhadlunch.Ihadlunchathalfpasttwelve.CAROL:Haveacupofcoffeethen.SAM:I’vejusthadacup,thankyou.Ihadoneaftermylunch.TOM:Let’sgointothelivingroom,Carol.Wecanhaveourcoffeethere.CAROL:Excusethemess,Sam.Thisroom’sveryuntidy.We’repackingoursuitcases.We’regoingtoleavetomorrow.TomandIaregoingtohaveaholiday.SAM:Aren’tyoulucky!TOM:Whenareyougoingtohaveaholiday,Sam?SAM:Idon’tknow.I’vealreadyhadmyholidaythisyear.CAROL:Wheredidyougo?SAM:Istayedathome!1.Hello,Sam.Comein.--comein祈使句,表示请求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主语you常不出现,谓语动词用原形。2.Hi,Sam.We'rehavinglunch.Doyouwanttohavelunchwithus?--We'rehavinglunch.现在进行时,表示目前正进行的动作。--havelunch吃午饭--wanttodo想要做…--Iwanttohaveabath.我想要洗澡。--with和某人(某物)在一起--Ilivewithmyparents.我和我的父母住在一起。--Iamwithmyfamilynow.我现在和我的家人在一起3.I’vealreadyhadlunch.现在完成时Weusethepresentperfectwhenwewanttolookbackfromthepresenttothepast.PleasenotethatBritishandAmericanEnglishhavedifferentrulesfortheuseofthistense.TheexplanationandexerciseshererefertoBritishEnglish.InAmericanEnglish,itisoftenacceptabletousethepastsimpleinsomeoftheseexamples.Wecanuseittolookbackontherecentpast.I'vebrokenmywatchsoIdon'tknowwhattimeitis.Theyhavecancelledthemeeting.She'stakenmycopy.Idon'thaveone.Thesalesteamhasdoubleditsturnover.Whenwelookbackontherecentpast,weoftenusethewords'just''already'ortheword'yet'(innegativesandquestionsonly).We'vealreadytalkedaboutthat.Shehasn'tarrivedyet.I'vejustdoneit.They'vealreadymet.Haveyouspokentohimyet?Havetheygotbacktoyouyet?Itcanalsobeusedtolookbackonthemoredistantpast.We'vebeentoSingaporealotoverthelastfewyears.She'sdonethistypeofprojectmanytimesbefore.We'vementionedittothemonseveraloccasionsoverthelastsixmonths.They'veoftentalkedaboutitinthepast.Whenwelookbackonthemoredistantpast,weoftenusethewords'ever'(inquestions)and'never'.HaveyoueverbeentoArgentina?Hasheevertalkedtoyouabouttheproblem?I'venevermetJimandSally.We'veneverconsideredinvestinginMexico.总结:适用范围:回顾过去的某个动作1)对现在产生的结果和影响的某个过去发生的动作(表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动作)。2)从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态(表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作)。句子结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(have/has是助动词)否定形式:haven't(havenot)/hasn't(hasnot)疑问句:把助动词have/has放在句首。过去分词:(动词的5种形式:原形,单三式,过去式,现在分词,过去分词)1)规则变化:跟过去式一样,a.在词尾加ed;b.结尾是重读闭音节,且是1元音+1辅音,双写辅音加ed;c.以e结尾的,加dd.辅音+y结尾的,变y为i加ed原形过去式过去分词-waitwaitedwaited-regretregrettedregretted-typetypedtyped-flyfliedflied-emptyemptiedemptied2)不规则变化ABB(过去分词与不规则动词的过去式的形式相同)原形过去式过去分词-makemademade-findfoundfound-spendspentspent3)不规则变化ABC(过去分词与过去式不一样)原形过去式过去分词-taketooktaken-speakspokespoken-singsangsung4)不规则变化AAA(过去分词,过去式,与动词原形一样)cutcutcutputputputletletlet新概念第一册不规则动词汇总:AAAcut-cut-cutput-put–putset-set-setshut-shut-shutread-read-readABBget-got-gothave-had-hadsend-sent-sentmake-made-madetell-told-toldhear-heard-heardleave-left-leftlose-lost-lostmeet-met-metsweep-swept-sweptfind-found-foundbuy-bought-boughtunderstand-understood-understoodABCgo-went-gonecome-came-comedo-did-donesee-saw-seentake-took-takengive-gave-giveneat-ate-eatenspeak-spoke-spokenswim-swam-swum与现在完成时连用的时间状语:注意下列词与现在完成时常用用于肯定句疑问、否定句介词alreadyjustneveronceyetjusteversince+过去某时间点for+时间段before...till/until...注意下列词不使用现在完成时态:1.表示过去时态的时间状语:in1998,yesterday,threeyearsago,lastweek2.When...不用于现在完成时3.stilladv.还,仍然,一般不用于完成时态。强调:现在完成时不与表过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,ago,last...--already己经,一般用于肯定句中,在表惊讶语气时也用于疑问句中,放在助动词之后,被修饰词之前Hehasalreadycomehere.Hashecomehereyet?如果already变疑问句或否定句的话一般改为yet。--yet“仍,还”,常用于否定句和疑问句,通常放于句末,问句翻译成”已经”、否定句翻译成“还”。与already配对。Haveyoudoneyourhouseworkyet?Ihaven’tdonemyhouseworkyet.--justadv.有多种含义,意为“刚刚,刚才”常用于现在完成时,也用于一般过去时。Ihavejustfinishedthismovie.Therainjuststopped.--neveradv.从未,决不,只用于肯定句,放在助动词之后,被修饰词之前,never有不同时态的变化:I’veneverbeentoBeijing.Hawaiineversnows.Ishallneverforgetyou.--everadv.曾经never与ever相反,ever只用于否定或疑问句,放在助动词之后,被修饰词之前HasheeverbeenParis?HehadneverbeenParis.ever有不同时态的变化,用于否定语气的的陈述句或否定句:Wehardlyevergooutatnight.我们晚上几乎从不出去。Doyoueverwishyouwererich?你曾希望过自己很富吗?Itiscolderthanevertoday.今天比以往更冷。Hestudiesashardasever.他仍像以前一样用功。IfyouevervisitLondon,youmustcomeandstaywithus.你要是到伦敦来,一定要到我们这里住住。--once曾经,可代替ever。HehasoncecometoChinamanytimes.--for...持续…时间Ihaveworkedinthecompanyfortwoyears.--since自从…HerparentshavelivedinChinasince1985.自从1985年,他的父母就住在中国了。(“住”这个动作发生在过去,但它并没有结束持续到现在或将来)--recently/lately最近Haveyoubeentherelately?Ihaveseenhimquiterecently.--sofar迄今为止,到目前为止SofarIhaven'theardofanybodylikehim现在完成时与一般过去时的比较1.一般过去时强调过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.现在完成时表达在过去不确定的时间所发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。这个动作也许到现在己经结束,也许还要继续下去。--Ihadmybreakfastat8:00thismorning.我今天早上8:00吃的早饭。(过去的时间今天早8:00吃饭这个动作发生了,强调某个时间发生某个动作)--Ihavehadmybreakfast.我己经吃过早饭了。(过去不确定的时间里,发生某个动作,对现在的影响,即吃早饭的动作发生在过去什么时候,对现在的影响是我己经饱了或我不想再吃饭了。)--Heboughtanewskirtlastweek.他上周买了一条裙子。(强调上周的某个时间发生了买裙子的这个动作)--Hehasboughtanewskirt.他己买了一条新裙子。(强调现在己经有新裙子。)--Theylivedinthatcitylastyear.他们去年住在那个城市里。(这个动作己经结束了,他们现在不住在那个城市里。)--Theyhavelivedinthatcityfor10years.他们己经住在那个城市里面10年了。(住这个动作未结束,现在依然住在那个城市)--Shesawthefilmwithherfamilylastnight.她昨晚和她的家人看了这部电影。(强调昨晚看电
本文标题:新概念第一册Lesson-83-84知识点及拓展
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