英语写作常见错误分析

大学英语四六级应试技巧写作篇英语写作常见错误分析检查主要针对四个重点部位：1）是否切题它又分三个层面：一是整篇文章内容是否切合文章标题要求；二是段落主题句的内容是否与各段落提示句内容相一致；三是段落内部的内容是否与段落主题句的表达相一致。如果发现任何一个层面不切题，应尽可能弥补，删除那些多余的或不切题的地方；增添残缺的、语义表达不足的地方。由于时间所限，删的内容一定要精，要切中要害，切忌动“大手术”。2）是否连贯检查上下文是否连贯，句子衔接是否自然流畅，检验的标准主要是句子是否通顺，该用连接词的地方用了没有，以及所用的连接词是否合适。3）是否有语法错误主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯。为避免不必要的语法错误，对把握性不大的词组、句型绝不要用。而应使用那些自己熟悉的词组、句型来表达相同或相近的意思。4）是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误在这些细枝末节上，谨慎细心地处理，无疑会进一步提高文章的整体质量。在检查、改错的过程中，切忌乱涂乱抹。保持卷面清洁，无疑会给阅卷者留下好印象。英语写作常见错误一、不切题英汉不同的语篇思维模式是造成不切题的直接原因。一些外国人认为东方人写作善用迂回法，也就是总绕着主题的外围转，而不从主题入手展开讨论。汉语语篇的思维模式是中国历史文化的产物，人们认为这种方式含蓄、委婉，容易使人接受，而英美人则喜欢开门见山的叙述主题；所以我国学生进行英语写作时，由于受汉语语篇思维模式的影响，阐述时不从主题入手，不能紧扣主题进行写作，致使文章主题不明确，观点不够鲜明。我们来看一篇以＂Trees＂为题目的作文：Treesareman'sfriends.1.Wecanseetreeseverywhere.2.Weplanttreeseveryyear.3.Wecanmaketableswithtrees.4.Treesalsogiveusfruitstoeat.5.Iliketoeatfruitsverymuch.该段的主题句是Treesareman'sfriends,写作中心应围绕＂friends＂，也就是树的用途展开。但学生没有从friends入手阐明主题，而是绕圈子说了些无关紧要的话，第一、二、五展开句偏离了树的用途这个主题，而是说我们到处可以看见树木；每年都种树；喜欢吃水果等；而且段落框架松散，这样就属于主题句抓不住，中心思想不明确，而且句型单调。再来看改写后的段落：Treesareman’sfriends.1.Theyprovidemanwithtimber,fruitsandseeds.Withtimber,mancanbuildhousesandmakefurniture.2.Fruitsarethefood,whichisnecessarytouseveryday.3.Asforseeds,theycanbeusedtoextractoil.这样就克服了前面所犯错误，紧紧围绕了主题句来展开，算是一篇好的作文。二、语言表达的错误从题目或给出的关键词中照搬，不注意单词在句中所做的成分及大小写忽视第三人称单数忽视被动语态的用法三、语言表达的错误重点分析。1．句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余2．词性误用3．主谓不一致4．根据中文逐字硬译5.名词可数与不可数的误用6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆7.动宾搭配不当8.词组搭配错误9．综合性语言错误:有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误三、语言表达的错误重点分析1．句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余。句子不完整（SentenceFragments）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解．可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生．例1．Therearelargenumberofpeoplediefromthedisasters.改为1：Therearealargenumberofpeoplewhodiefromthedisasters.改为2：Therearealargenumberofpeopledyingfromthedisasters.改为3：Alargenumberofpeoplediefromthedisasters.例2．Thereisafirehappened/brokeout.TherewasoccurredafireinHonghuaHotel.改为：Afirehappened/brokeout/occurred.例3．Shelearnknowledgedependonherself.改为：Shelearnsknowledgebyherself.例4．Thedriveroftheredcarwasdiedonthespot.改为：Thedriveroftheredcardiedonthespot.例5．Helpingotherswealsoknowthesignificanceoflife.改为：Wealsorealizethesignificanceoflifethroughhelpingothers.例6．Thepublicserviceadvertisementcatcheveryone’seyes,enableuspaymoreattentionaboutourlivesandsocieties.改为：Thepublicserviceadvertisementscatcheveryone’seyes,whichenablesustopaymoreattentionaboutourlivesandsocieties.例7．Theagingofpopulationbringsomeproblems,suchasthelackoflabor,seniorsfeellonelyandsoon.改为：Theagingofpopulationbringsaboutsomeproblems,suchasthelackoflabor,seniors’senseoflonelinessandsoon.例8．Childrentakecareoftheseniorsshouldmeettheirmaterialneeds,butthisisnotenough,concerningtheirspiritualneedsismoreimportant.改为：Whenitcomestotakingcareoftheseniors,childrenshouldmeettheirspiritualneedsaswellasmaterialneeds.例9．Whenyouropportunitycoming,youattainsuccesswillbeeasier.改为：Whenyouropportunitycomes,itwillbeeasierforyoutoattainsuccess.2．词性误用(MisuseofPartsofSpeech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等．例１．It’slikelytosuccessifyouhaveconfident,diligentandintelligence.改为1：Youarelikelytosucceedifyouhaveconfidence,diligenceandintelligence.改为2：It’slikelythatyouwillachievesuccessifyouareconfident,diligentandintelligent.改为3：Itislikelythatyouareonthewaytosuccessifyouhaveconfidence,diligenceandintelligence.例2．Youcan’tsuccesswithoutyourefforts.改为1：Youcan’tsucceedwithoutyourefforts.改为2：Youcan’tobtainsuccesswithoutyourefforts.改为3：Youcan’tbecomesuccessfulwithoutyourefforts.改为4：Successisnolongeroutofreachwithyourgreatefforts.例3．Asthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,---改为：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,---/Asthescienceandtechnologydevelop---例4．Iusuallydosomepublicservicesforfree,tryingmybesttoserviceforthepublic.改为：Iusuallydosomepublicservicesforfree,tryingmybesttoservethepublic.例5．Thepublicserviceadvertisementisbenefittous.改为1:Thepublicserviceadvertisementisbeneficialtous.改为2:Thepublicserviceadvertisementbenefitsus.改为3：Thepublicserviceadvertisementisofgreatbenefittous.改为4:Webenefitsalotfromthepublicserviceadvertisement.例6．Someseniorswerediedbecauseofwithouttheirchildren’ssupport.改为：Someseniorsdiedforlackoftheirchildren’ssupport.例7．Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenheacrossthestreet.改为：Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenhewascrossingthestreet.例8．Thechildrenaresupposedtosparesometimetocompanytheirparents.改为：Thechildrenaresupposedtosparesometimetoaccompanyourparentschatting.例9．Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomic,theconditionsofourlifeisimproving.改为：Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theconditionsofourlifeareimproving.例10．Theyneedeconomicalconcerned,butalsomentalconcerned.改为：Theyneednotonlyfinancialsupport,butalsoemotionalsupport.例11．Withthedevelopmentofthemordernsocial,moreandmorefamiliesprefertohaveonechildorevennone,whichcausethesumoftheseniorshasbeenincreasequickly.改为：Withthedevelopmentofthemodernsociety,anincreasingnumberoffamiliesprefertohaveonechildorevennone,whichcausetherapidincreaseofthesumoftheseniors.causesth.causesb.todosth.例12．Thefirewasbecauseofthewrongofelectricity.改为：Thefirewasduetoelectricfault.例13．Thecaus