英语：2012届浙江语法专题精品复习课件(阅读理解词义猜测题)

［2009江西高考］237WestPalmdaleBoulevardFresno,California93706AmToyCorporationSuite15TransAmBuildingSanFrancisco,California94115November20,2008DearSirs,Asaconcernedparent,IamwritingtoprotestyourrecentadvertisementforElectro-RoboseeninlocalmediainCalifornia.Specifically,Iamreferringtonewspaperandmagazineads（attachedtothisletter）publishedtheweekofNovember15.Childrenrespondtoyourtypeofadvertisinginanimmatureway;thatis,theyareunabletounderstandhowexpensivesometoysareformiddle-classparents.Further,yourproductisviolentinnature.Youradvertisementgiveschildrentheimpressionthatit’sfinetohave“twogunsandlasereyes”.Youalsosuggestthatchildrenneedyourtoytoprotectthem“whenyougooutside”.Thisisnotahealthyattitudeforchildrentohave.Ihopeyouwillstopadvertisingyourproductinsuchawaythatmayharmourchildren.Sincerelyyours,（Mrs.）AlmaHernandezPresident,ParentsforNon-violentToysEnc.It’sHere!ReadyforYou,Now!It’sElectro-Robo!Everyboydreamsofbeingincontrolofarobot,andAmToycanmakeyourdreamcometrue!Electro-Roboistheworld’sfirstfullyautomaticrobotwithradiocontrol.Standing80centimeterstall,Electro-Roboislikeafriendathome.Hecanwalk,talk,andevenshakeyourhand!Hehastwogunsandlasereyestohelpyoudefendyourselfwhenyougooutsidewithhim.EveryboyneedsElectro-Robo!AskyourMomandDadtobuyElectro-RoboforyourbirthdayorforChristmas,whichiscomingupsoon.Imaginethatyouareincontrolofyourfriendforlife,Electro-Robo!AvailableatalltoystoresanddepartmentstoresNOW!【文章大意】本文是AlmaHernandez,一位家长写的投诉信。她认为最近的一个玩具广告对孩子的心理发展是不利的，并且附上了广告内容。1.Whatdoes“Enc.”attheendofthelettermean?A.Somethingattachedtotheletter.B.Acomplainttothetoycompany.C.Ahiddenmessage.D.Anencouragingresponse.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。书信正文第一段的括号内的内容是对Enc.的解释。Enc.的全写是Enclosure,意为“附件”。【思路点拨】做词义猜测或句意理解题时，首先从词汇或句子所处的语境进行分析，注意上下文之间的联系。例如：如果出现thatis,thatistosay或破折号等，我们可以断定，后面的内容是对前面内容的解释；如果出现转折词but,however,yet以及表示相反结果的onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等，所给词汇或句子的意义就会与后面的相反。例如此题中猜测Enc.的意思，平时我们在写信时很少出现Enc.,这就要求我们要注意上下文，观察它在此起到的作用。首先看到下文中有附着的广告，基本可猜出其意，然后再根据第一段括号中的内容就进一步证实了我们的判断。2.Electro-RobocandoallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.sittingdownB.shakinghandsC.talkingD.walking【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据附件第一段的Hecanwalk,talk,andevenshakeyourhand!可知。3.Whatisthepurposeoftheletter?A.Tocomplainaboutabrokentoy.B.Toopposetheadvertising.C.ToorderagiftforChristmas.D.Toapplyforajobinatoycompany.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据书信正文第一段的第一句可知,作者写信是要抗议在加利福尼亚当地媒体上最近为ElectroRobo所做的一个广告。4.WhydoesthewriteroftheletterfeelthatElectroRoboisviolent?A.Itiscontrolledtoradiowaves.B.Itisexpensivetobuy.C.Itis80centimeterstall.D.Itbearsarms.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据书信正文第二段中的Youradvertisementgiveschildrentheimpressionthatit’sfinetohave“twogunsandlasereyes”.可知。(A)［2009全国卷Ⅰ］It’snoteasybeingateenager(13至19岁青少年)—norisiteasybeingtheparentofateenager.Youcanmakeyourchildfeelangry,hurt,ormisunderstoodbywhatyousaywithoutrealizingityourself.Itisimportanttogiveyourchildthespaceheneedstogrowwhilegentlylettinghimknowthatyou’llstillbethereforhimwhenheneedsyou.Expectalotfromyourchild,justnoteverything.Exceptforhealthandsafetyproblems,suchasdruguseorcarelessdriving,considereverythingelseopentodiscussion.Ifyourchildisunwillingtodiscusssomething,don’tinsisthetellyouwhat’sonhismind.Themoreyouinsist,themorelikelythathe’llclamup.Instead,lethimattempttosolve(解决)thingsbyhimself.Atthesametime,remindhimthatyou’realwaysthereforhimshouldheseekadviceorhelp.Showrespectforyourteenager’sprivacy(隐私).Neverreadhismailorlisteninonpersonalconversations.Teachyourteenagerthatthefamilyphoneisforthewholefamily.Ifyourchildtalksonthefamily’stelephonefortoolong,tellhimhecantalkfor15minutes,butthenhemuststayoffthephoneforatleastanequalperiodoftime.Thisnotonlyfreesupthelinesothatotherfamilymemberscanmakeandreceivecalls,butteachesyourteenagermoderation(节制).Orifyouareopentotheidea,allowyourteenagerhisownphonethathepaysforwithhisownpocketmoneyorapart-timejob.【文章大意】做一名青少年很难，但做他们的家长更难。文章主要针对这种现象提出了一些建议和解决方法。1.Whatdoesthephrase“clamup”inParagraph2probablymean?A.becomeexcitedB.showrespectC.refusetotalkD.seekhelp【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Ifyourchildisunwillingtodiscusssomething,don’tinsisthetellyouwhat’sonhismind.可知下句Themoreyouinsist,themorelikelythathe’llclamup.中的clamup应意为“不愿说话，拒不开口”，故选C。2.Whatshouldparentsdoinraisingateenageraccordingtothetext?A.Notallowhimtolearndrivingortakedrugs.B.Givehimadviceonlywhennecessary.C.Lethimhavehisowntelephone.D.Nottalkaboutpersonalthingswithhim.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Atthesametime,remindhimthatyou’realwaysthereforhimshouldheseekadviceorhelp.可知B项正确。3.Themainpurposeofthetextistotellparents______.A.howtogetalongwithateenagerB.howtorespectateenagerC.howtounderstandateenagerD.howtohelpateenagergrowup【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章主要给父母一些关于怎样教育13~19岁青少年的建议。故应选D。4.Thelastparagraphisabouthowtoteachateenager____.A.tousethephoneinasensiblewayB.topayforhisowntelephoneC.tosharethephonewithfriendsD.toanswerthephonequickly【解析】选A。细节理解题。由最后一段可知，主要讲述了父母应该怎样来引导孩子合理使用家庭电话。(B)［2009四川高考］Alltoooften,achoicethatseemssustainable(可持续的)turnsoutoncloserexaminationtobeproblematic.Probablythebestexampleistherushtoproduceethanol(乙醇)forfuelfromcorn.Cornisarenewableresource—youcanharvestitandgrowmore