非谓语作宾补

非谓语宾补(对宾语的补充说明)1.Thejudgetookhisseatandaskedtheaccusedmantostandup.2.IwasfrightenedwhenIsawablackshadowmovingtowardsme.3.WhenIcametomysenses,Ifoundmyselfwrappedup.4.Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingtakenthemoney?Conclusion:⑴todo/do/doing/done可以做宾补⑵宾补不要be动词；宾补得形式由宾语和这个动词的关系决定。㈠带todo作宾补:常见的这类动词有：ask,tell,invite,force,get,beg,allow,encourage,advise,persuade,instruct,permit,order,warn,cause,wish,want,expect,urge,etc.㈡do作宾补一类是感官动词，如：feel,see,watch,hear,listen,notice,observe,lookat,etc;一类是使役动词，如：make,let,havewantsb.(not)todoseesb.do(看见某人做某事的全过程)注意：⑴感官动词和使役动词作宾补表主动完成用do,省略了to,但变被动时这个to要加上。Eg.Hisbossmakeshimwork12hoursaday.Heismadetowork12hoursadaybyhisboss.⑵感官动词后的宾补形式(以see为例)seesb.dodoingdone(主动，完成)(主动，进行)(被动，完成/形容词)beingdone(正被)⑶不及物动词的过去分词(done)作宾补表状态和完成。1.Ilookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklacegone.2.Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch.(完成)(状态)㈢常见的非谓语作宾补形式1.leave“使…处于某种状态”leavesb.todosth.sth.tobedonesb./sth.doingsth.undone/unfinished/unsettled\sth.unsaidsb./sth.done2.findsb./sth.doing(主动，进行)done(被动，完成/完成/形容词)doing(主动，进行)done(形容词)3.keepsb./sth.4.makesb.dosthoneself/sth.donesb.done(形容词):makeyoudisappointedAlice不能让别人相信她。Alicecan’tmakeherselfbelieved.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodbecauseofmybrokenEnglish.5.have/get表示使，让，叫⑴have/makesb.do.sth=getsb.todosth⑵have/getsth.done“让/使/叫某人做某事”“让/叫某人做某事”/“使/让某事由别人去做”注意：Hehadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.(使遭受…)⑶havesb./sth.doing“让/使某人/某物持续地做某事”注意：havesb.doing如果用于否定句，have有容忍的意思。Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourfatherlikethat.⑷getsb./sth.doing使某人/某物开始行动起来7.短语catchsb.doing(撞见某人做某事,尤指坏事；当场破获)sendsb./sth.doing(使某人某物突然做某事)setsb.doing(使某人做某事)thefirsttodosth.6.but/except前有实义动词do的任何形式或choose,but/except后要省略to.can’tchoosebutdo只有havenochoicebuttodocan’thelpbutdo(只好)can’tbut,hadbetter,wouldrather后省toe.g.Ican’tbutagreetohisplan.Eg.Myjokesseteveryonelaughing.(我的笑话使每个人大笑.)Mindhowyougo-younearlysentmeflying.(小心点,你差点把我撞倒.)1.–You’dbettergoand____________________________(把你的轿车洗洗).-No,I’lldoitmyself.(wash)2.Itwasdisappointingtosee____________________(他们的队被打败)byaweakerone.3.Thereportertriedtospeakloudlyandslowlyto_______________________(让别人听懂).(himself)4.Wemadetheanimal___________(适应)itsnewenvironment.(adapt)5.Whentheyoungmanturnedaround,hefound____________________________(一双眼盯着他).(stare)6.Themissingboy_______________________(最后看见在玩耍)neartheriver.(play)get/haveyourcarwashedtheirteambeatenmakehimselfunderstoodadapttoapairofeyesstaringathim.waslastseenplaying7.-Whydidyougobackupstairs?-IthoughtI________________________(忘了关窗子).(leave)8.TheInternethasmanyadvantages.Forexample,itkeepsus__________________________(获知最新消息),andalsoprovidesuswithentertainment.(inform)9.WhenIwalkedbyLiMing’sside,Ifoundhim________________________(完全沉浸于)thehumorousstories.(absorb)10.TheSpringFestivalwascoming.Mumwantedthedoor___________(油漆一下).(paint)11.Timeandtimeagainweadvisedhim______________________(不要浪费时间)inplayingcomputergames.(waste)hadleftthewindowopeninformedofthelatestnewscompletelyabsorbedinpaintednottowastetime非谓语作表语系动词(be动词,感官动词,seem,appear,remain)后跟的形容词/名词称为表语。1.主语从句中如果有实义动词do的任何形式，todo做表语省略to.Eg.他所做的是让别人理解他。(make)Whathesaidistoleavethefactunsaid.Eg.他所说的是不让把那个事实说出来。(leave)Whathedidismakehimselfunderstood.2.getburnt=beburntgethurt=behurtgetinjured=beinjured•非谓语作状语1.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.（）2.Beingill,hecouldn’tgotoschool.（）3.Footballisplayedinmorethan150countries,makingitthemostpopulargameintheworld.（）4.Theresearchissodesignedthatoncebegan,nothingcanbedonetochangeit.（）5.Generallyspeaking,whentakenaccordingtothedirection,thedrughasnosideeffect.()6.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes.（）7.Theteachercameintothelab,followedbysomestudents.（）8.Hesattherequietly,lookingoutofthewindow.（）时间状语）原因状语结果状语条件状语条件状语让步状语伴随状语伴随状语•分词作状语;•1.ving-与句中主语构成主谓关系，强调与句子动作同时发生或基本同时发生。•Seeinghermother,thegirljumpedwithjoy.•2.havingdone与句中主语构成主谓关系，强调先于句子谓语动词发生。•Havingsufferedsuchaheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.•3.V-ed与句中主语构成被动关系•Consideredasafamousstar,thesingerispopularwiththeteenagers.•4.beingdone与句中主语构成被动关系，且与句子谓语动词同时发生，一般作原因状语位于句首。•Beingquestionedbyhisboss,hisfaceturnedred.•5.havingbeendone与句中主语构成被动关系，且先于句子谓语动词发生•Havingbeenshownaroundthemuseum,wethenwenttothelibrary.•独立成分做状语：（不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分）•Generally\frankly\honestlyspeaking…•Judgingfrom\by•Considering\taking…intoconsideration•Totellyouthetruth•Seeing…(考虑到）•Supposing\providing\given\assuming•Saving除了，除非admitting虽说，即使•Comparedto\with与。。。相比•Seetoitthat确保=makesurethat独立主格结构的构成：1.名词（代词）+现在分词（过去分词）Therestfinished,webeganourholiday.Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.Hearrivingatthestation,thetrainstartedtomove.Hismotherbeingill,hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.2.名词（代词）+副词Theteacheraway,thestudentstalkedallthetime.3.名词（代词）+不定式Thelastguardtoarrive,ourpartywillbeginat5.4.名词（代词）+介词短语Hecameoutofthelibrary,bookinhand.5.With、without+名词（代词）+宾补Theboycamein,withhishandstiedback.6.代词+being+名词（形)Therebeing+名词Therebeingsomanypeopleintheroom,Ileft.•1.____________manytimes,shestillcan’trememberit.(tell)•2.____________fullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeet