八年级英语被动语态讲解课件

被动语态被动语态与主动语态：当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(speak的动作是由主语manypeople的承受者）Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。被动语态的构成被动语态是由（be+过去分词）构成的，如果需强调动作或行为的发出者时，在其后接（by...），意为（被………)。这里be是助动词，必须与主语的人称和数相一致，并有时态的变化(be有时也可以使用get,become等词来代替)。被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be+过去分词+(by...)否定句：主语+benot+过去分词+(by...)一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by...)?特殊问句：疑问词+be+过去分词+(by...)?这里be决定了被动语态的时态，be后面的过去分词没有变化。Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.改为被动语态1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：主语+am/is/are+过去分词TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主谓宾(受动者)Thelittlebabywaslookedafterbyhimyesterday.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：主语+was/were+过去分词Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：主语+will+be+过去分词Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.4．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：主语+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.下列时态的被动语态构成1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词：过去进行时现在完成时：主语+am/is/are+done主语+can/may/must/should+be+done主语+will+be+done主语+was/were+being+done主语+have/has+been+done主语+was/were+done各种时态的被动语态构成Goodbye中考被动语态考题1.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingintoit.(南京市中考题）AbestoppedtothrowBbestoppedfromthrowingCstoptothrowDstopfromthrowing2.Thisbook__often__fromthelibrary.(北京市中考题）Aaren’ttakeawayBtakenawayCisn’ttakenawayDbetakenaway3.He_________(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.(黄冈市中考题）wastold5.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(济南市中考题）——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.变主动语态7.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青岛市中考题）8.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考题）TTheysentupwereplantedaregrownOn22August2004,TheScream,afamouspaintingbyanartistcalledEdverdstole/wasstolenfromthemuseuminNorway.Thepaintingpulled/waspulledoffthewallbytwomenasvisitorswatched/werewatched.Themenescaped/wereescapedbycar.Later,thecarfound/wasfoundbutthepicturewasgone.Homework:1.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.2.Theyfinishedtheirhomework.3.Icanmendhisbike.4.Shewillbuytenbookstomorrow.5.Weshouldn’tallowthemtogooutwiththeirfriends.6.Theoldmanoftenmakesuslaugh.10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory