短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术

4010200810JOURNALOFHARBININSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYVol140No110Oct.20081,2,1,3,1(1.,150090,E2mail:[e-mail];2.,100085;3.,100022):,.,.C/N,.,.,DOpH.:;;;;SHARON;:TU991.2:A:0367-6234(2008)10-1552-06BiologicalnitrogenremovalwithnitrificationanddenitrificationvianitritepathwayZHUGui2bing1,2,PENGYong2zhen1,3,GUOJian2hua1(1.SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,China,E2mail:[e-mail];2.StateKeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalAquaticChemistry,ResearchCenterforEco2EnvironmentalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100085,China;3.KeyLaboratoryofBeijingWaterQualityScienceandWaterEnvironmentRecoveryEngineering,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Beijing100022,China)Abstract:Theefficiencyofwastewatertreatmentpracticescanbesignificantlyimprovedthroughtheintroduc2tionofnewmicrobialtreatmenttechnologies.Inordertomeetincreasingstringentdischargestandards,newapplicationsandcontrolstrategiesforthesustainableremovalofammoniumfromwastewaterhavetobeimple2mented.Partialnitrificationtonitritewasreportedtobetechnicallyfeasibleandeconomicallyfavorable,espe2ciallywhenthewastewaterwithhighammoniumconcentrationsorlowC/Nratioswastreated.Forsuccessfulimplementationofthetechnology,thecriticalpointishowtomaintainthepartialnitrificationofammoniumtonitrite.NitritationcanbeobtainedbyselectivelyinhibitingthenitriteoxidizingbacteriathroughappropriateregulationofthesystemsDOconcentration,microbialSRT,pH,temperature,substrateload,operationalandaerationpattern,inhibitorandsoon.Thisreviewaddressesthemicrobiology,itsconsequencesforappli2cation,thecurrentstatusregardingapplication,anditsfuturedevelopments.Keywords:wastewatertreatment;biologicalnitrogenremoval;partialnitrification;denitrification;SHARONprocess;shortcutnitrificantion-denitrification:2006-04-03.:(50521140075);(863-2004AA601020).:(1978),,;(1949),,,.,,[1].,[2,3]:25%;40%;1152;.,C/N[3].SHARON[4].SHARON[5]..,,[6].,.1,,.[7].,,-Proteobacteria-Proteobacteria.-Proteobacteria,-Proteobacteria-ProteobacteriaNitrospira,-ProteobacteriaNitrosococcusNitrococcus,,,[8,9].221120,max01801d-101788d-1.68kJ/mol44kJ/mol,[10],1.20,max,20,max,,,,,[11-13].,.AOBNOB3538[14].Hyungseok2227,15.,15.BalmelleHyungseok,25.SHARON.SHARON35[15].,25,[16].15.SHARON(25).,.212(),,,[10].SRT1.Pollice,32,,40d10d,.SharonHRTSRT,HRT.VanKampenSharon,1215d[4].(12d).1355110,:1,25,SRT,,25,,.25,(41183kJ/(kgK),20),.213,,..[17].[13].,,DO110115mg/L,.,3221[18].SBRpHORP2.,,,pH.,pH,,.,.2SBRpHORP214DO012014mg/L,112115mg/L,[12].,,DO,,,[19,20].DO,,,.DO,,DO.Hanaki[19]015mg/L,1,,(015mg/L),.Garrido[21]115mg/L,.Ruiz[22]DO017mg/L,65%98%,015mg/L,DO117mg/L.DO114mg/L,75%95%.DO,(DO)115mg/L,,.[20].DO.(2AB),,DO[18].215pHpH.2.5.1(FA)pH:FA=1714[NH+4-N]10pHKb/Kw+10pH.FANH3(mg/L),[NH4+-N]N(mg/L),Kb,Kw..pH[23].pH=815t=20,5mg/L.7mg/L.45514020mg/L.,,,[2,24].FA,[23,25].2.5.2(HNO2)pH:HNO2/%=1001+[Ka]/10-pH.,NO2-,pHHNO2.pHNH3,HNO2,[25].Joanna[23]0104mg/L,.2.5.3Free-hydroxylamine(FH)YangandAlleman[26],,,.Stuven,[017kg/(m3d)],,,.25d,.Stuven,,[27].NH3/NH4+,pH.2.5.4130300mg/L,pH3.pH710,,SRT,SRT.pH3pH613,,SRT[4].216,.,,,4[9].,,,,,,[25].,,[28].4217:NH3[29].,AgHgNiCrZn,;pH,.,[30].,CuI-CuII,Cu,.,[31].[32].,1mmol/L10mmol/L,,3mmol/L,;.,[33].555110,:,[34].,[35].3,.,pHFA,,.,,..FA,FA,..FA,FA,,.41),..DOSRT,pH,.2)DO,DO,DO(COD).,..3),,50mg/L..:[1]FDZ-POLANCOF,VILLAVERDES,GARCIAPA.Temperatureeffectonnitrifyingbacteriaactivityinbio2filters:Activationandfreeammoniainhibition[J].WatSciTech,1994,30(11):121-130.[2]BECCARIM,MARANIE,RAMADORIR,etal.Ki2neticofdissimilatorynitrateandnitritereductioninsus2pendedgrowthculture[J].JWatPollutControlFed,1983,55:58-64.[3]TURKO,MAVINICDS.Benefitsofusingselectivein2hibitiontoremovenitrogenfromhighlynitrogenouswastes[J].EnvironTechnolLett,1987,8:419-426.[4]KEMPENvanR,MULDERJW,UIJTERLLNDECA,etal.Overview:FullscaleexperienceoftheSHARONprocessfortreatmentofrejectionwaterofdigestedsludgedewatering[J].WaterSciTechnol,2001,44:145-152.[5]STOWA.TreatmentofNitrogenRichReturnFlowsofSewageTreatmentPlants.EvaluationofDutchPilotPlant.ResearchProjects(inDutch)[R].STOWA,1995.[6]PENGYZ,CHENT,TIANWJ.NitrogenremovalvianitriteatnormaltemperatureinA/Oprocess[J].Jour2nalofEnvironmentalScienceandHealthpartA-Toxic/HazardousSubstancesandEnvironmentalEngineering,2003,39(7):1667-1680.[7]SCHMIDTI,SLIEKERSO,SCHMIDM,etal.Newconceptsofmicrobialtreatmentprocessesforthenitrogenremovalinwastewater[J].FEMSMicrobiologyRe2views,2003,27:481-492.[8]LIPPONENMTT,SUUTARIMH,MARTIKAINENPJ.OccurrenceofnitrifyingbacteriaandnitrificationinFinnishdrinkingwaterdistributionsystems[J].WatRes,2002,36:4319-4329.[9],,.[M].:,2004.[10]HELLINGAC,SCHELLENAAJC,MULDERJW,etal.TheSHARONprocess:Aninnovativemethodfornitrogenremovalfromammonium-richwastewater[J].WaterSciTechnol,1998,37(9):135-142.[11]BALMENEB.Studyoffactorscontrollingnitritebuild-upinbiologicalprocessesforwaternitrification[J].WatSciTech,1992,26:1018-1025.[12]HUNIKJH.EngineeringAspectsofNitrificationwithImmobilizedCells[D].TheNetherlands:WageningenAgriculturalUniversity,1993.[13]HYUNGSEOKY,KYU-HONGA,HYUN