2011届英语二轮专题复习课件：阅读理解(3)新闻报道类类(湖南专用)

专题三新闻报道类专题三│新闻报道类专题导读时事新闻类阅读材料在近年高考中屡屡涉及。这类材料往往语言地道、内容较新。阅读材料的组成有一个共同的特点，即都是由标题(Headlines)、导语(Introductions)、背景(Background)、主体(Mainbody)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出，文章的第一句话或第一段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。此类阅读材料的命题在新闻背景和主体部分设题较多，有时可能会省去一两个部分，要求考生依据五个部分之间的必然联系去推知未知的要素。要想做好时事新闻类阅读理解题，考生必须要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句并能分析理解长难句，善于根据上下文猜测单词、短语的含义，善于归纳、概括、推理、判断及简单计算，才能做好这部分试题。真题再现[2010·湖南]PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack，UniversityofGlasgowresearcher，saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均匀地)acrossafaceasWesternersdo，Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.“WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions，”Jacksaid.“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure，whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽略)themouth.”AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues，thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult，facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthanWesternersdid.“Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionorculturaldifferenceinfacialexpression，”Jacksaid.“OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion，Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless.”Inshort，thedatashowsthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon，examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise，whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures，EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.()1.ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners________.A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouthB.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliableC.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentwaysD．havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions()2.Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A.Tomakeafaceateachother.B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures.D.Toobservetheresearchers’faces.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6referto?A.Theparticipantsinthestudy.B.Theresearchersofthestudy.C.Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.D.Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.()4.IncomparisonwithWesterners，Easternersarelikelyto________.A.dotranslationmoresuccessfullyB.studythemouthmorefrequentlyC.examinetheeyesmoreattentivelyD.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly()5.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEyeastheWindowtotheSoulB.CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotionsC.EffectiveMethodstoDevelopSocialSkillsD.HowtoIncreaseCrossculturalUnderstanding【文章大意】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新科学发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。1.A细节理解题。根据第三段“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽略)themouth.”可判断选A。2.C细节理解题。根据第五段“…byrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.”可判断选C。3.A词义猜测题。根据定语从句“thattheyshow”所修饰的eyemovements以及“theeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeople”可判断选A。4.C细节理解题。根据第六段“ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthanWesternersdid.”可判断选C。5.B标题归纳题。文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结果发现及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为B。专题预测(一)NineyearsafterdisappearingfromherBrisbanehome,Muffy,thedog,wasfoundaliveandwellthismonthinanotherbackyard—1,200milesaway—officialsintheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(RSPCA)saidtoday.AmicrochipinMuffy’sneckidentifiedherowners,and,afterafewdaysofsearchingforacurrentphonenumber,officialstrackeddownNatalieLampard,whohadn’tseenMuffysincethedogdisappearedfromherbackyardintheeasterncityofBrisbanenineyearsago.“WhentheRSPCAdescribedher,Itoldthemhername;IknewimmediatelyitwasourMuffy，”Lampardsaid.“Itwastotallyout_of_the_blue—afternineyears,Ithoughtshewaslonggone.”Pilgrim,theowneroftheMelbournehousewhereMuffywasdiscovered,saidtheyfoundthedogaboutayearagowanderingalongastreet.ButwherehadMuffyspentthepreviouseightyears?AndhowdidshegetallthewaytoMelbourne—about1,200milesfromBrisbane?“Nobodyknows，”Pilgrimsaid.“ThemysterycontinuesforoldMuffy.”“Muffywassufferingfromasevereallergic(过敏的)reactiontofleas(跳蚤)andhasbeenundertreatmentsincetheRSPCAremovedherfromtheMelbournehome，”Pilgrimsaid.“Thedog,whichtheLampardsoriginallyadoptedfromaRSPCAshelternearBrisbane,isrecoveringwellandshouldbeingoodenoughshapetoflybackhomeonTuesday，”Pilgrimsaid.LampardgotMuffyasagiftforhernow17-yearolddaughterChlo