英语动词分类

动词与动词短语1.概念：动词是表示动作和状态的词2.基本形式：动词的四种基本形式：现在时，过去时，过去分词和现在分词。动词的规则变化P4332.动词的种类1、行为动词（即实义动词，表示动作的动词。它分为及物动词和不及物动词两种）1.1及物动词a.动词后要求有宾语，否则意思不完整的动词。及物动词有被动结构。Ialwaysreviewmylessonsintheevening.b.及物动词的使用结构1.动词+宾语(V.+O.)Janelikesmusicverymuch.2.动词+直接宾语+间接宾语(V.+O.+O.)Shegavemeabook.3.动词+宾语+补语（V.+O.+OC.)Ifoundthebookinteresting.2)不及物动词不及物动词指不可带宾语的动词，也不可用于被动语态。(P444-445)Makesentences:rise,come,workThesunrisesintheeast.Hecamelastmonth.Heworkshard.2、连系动词类连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语。(P450-459)Nowwatchtheflashandgetthegeneralideaofthelinkverbs.连系动词常用结构P4511.+形容词2.+名词、代词3.+副词╳连系动词后面一般不加副词。4.+分词5.+介词短语gobad/hungry/mad/wrongfall(fell-fallen)ill/asleepYourdreamwillcometrueoneday.①变化类:become（成为）,get（变得）,turn（变为）,grow（变得）,come（成为，后来证实）,go（变成，进入…的状态）,fall（变成）②感观类:look（看起来）,sound（听起来）,feel（觉得）,taste（尝起来）,smell（闻起来）E.g.Hisvoicesounds________.A.wellB.beautifullyC.excellentD.wonderfullyC③显得类:seem,appear,lookItlooksasif/though…Itseemsasif/that…Itappearsthat…可接从句eg.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Helookedasthoughhewerefromthecountry.“look”为连系动词，意为“看起来、似乎”，从句中的谓语多用直陈语气，有时可以用虚拟语气。④状态类:keep,stay,remain,lie,sit,standTheweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turnThehotweatherwill____anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turnBA3、使役动词/感官动词类：使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的动词,主要有make(使,令),let(让),help(帮助),have(有；让；从事；允许；拿)等。Eg.1）Hemademelaugh.他使我发笑。2）Ilethimgo.我让他走开。look,sound,smell,taste,feel这一类的动词既可作连系动词，又可作感官动词。除look外，其他几个动词的主语往往是物而不是人。Eg.Theseflowerssmellverysweet.这些花闻起来很香。Thetomatoesfeelverysoft.这些西红柿摸起来很软。使役动词和感官动词练习Thebossmadethem_____12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingTheyweremade_______12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingABTheboywaslastseen_______footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.playedHeoftenheardthissong_______bythefamoussinger.A.singB.singingC.tosingD.sungHehadhisleg_______.A.breakB.breakingC.tobreakD.brokenBDD4、主动表被动类：与easily,well等副词连用的动词sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,translate,run,read,operate,break,measure,weighDrywoodburnseasily.Theclothwasheswell.ThisphrasedoesnottranslatewellintoChinese.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;soldA5、一般只接动名词做宾语的词/词组mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,miss,keep,suggest,appreciate,practice,delay,finish,dislike,excuse,imagine,consider,forbid,escapeadmit,advise,allow,putoff,giveup,beworth,bebusygetdownto,devote…to,lookforwardto,beusedto,leadto,succeedin,spend/wastetime(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)thereisnouse(in)Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkinginIwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recallingDCB6、一般只接不定式作宾语的词/词组decide,expect,hope,wish,order,refuse,promise,pretend,agree,seem,attempt,fail,offer,happen,warn,affordShepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenA九、瞬间动词与延续性动词Classactivity:page447Brainstorming:Mymotherisquitediligent.Busywiththehomework,shesleepsverylateevery-day.TheendBye-bye