unit15.Obamas-Victory-Speech

Unit15Obama’sVictorySpeech2012ContentsWarmingupBackgroundTextanalysisLanguagepointsPartIwarming-upinformation•AboutBarackObamaBarackObamawasbornin1961inHonolulu,HawaiitoafatherfromKenyaandamotherfromtheUS.HiswifeMichelleObamaandhehavetwodaughtersSashaandMilia.Obamawasbroughtupbyhismotherandgrandparents.ThisisthevictoryspeechObamamadeatGrantPark,ChicagoafterhewaselectedpresidentonNovember5,2008.Obama,the44thandcurrentAmericanpresidentisthefirstAfricanAmericanevertoholdthisoffice.•AbouthisvictoryspeechPartIIBackground•ThisisthespeechdeliveredbyBarackObamatosome600000supportersinGrantPark,Chicago,whenhewontheelectionasthefirstAfro-AmericanpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Obamaisgenerallyacclaimedasapowerfulspeaker,andthisshortspeechisagoodexample.Manycommentatorsfounditforcefulandlyrical.•Obama'sspeechcertainlymadealltherequiredmoves.Itgaveallthetargetaudienceswhattheyeachlovedtohear.AndheartfullyusedthetraditionalsymbolsAmericanpeoplevalue:theAmericanDream,theBible,theConstitution,Lincoln'sGettysburgAddress,MartinLutherKing'sIHaveaDreamspeech,TomPaine,etc.Fromthelanguagepointofview,Obamaalsocleverlyusedmanyfiguresofspeechthatpoliticiansarefondofusing.•Obama‘sstyleisactuallybettertodaybecausethosetraditionalrhetoricalcolorsonlysuitedthetimewhentheproperroleofliteratureandorationwasthedecorousornamentationofthought.Theyarenowunfittothespiritofmodernliterature.Theymaysoundcatchy吸引人的asever,buttheyarenowconsideredabitforcedandarereservednowadaysmainlyforadvertisingslogans,bumperstickersandthetitlesofcountrysongs.PartIIITextanalysisI.Theintroduction(paras.1-4)•ObamahailshiselectionasatriumphantvictoryforAmericandemocracy.II.Thebody(paras.5-28)1.Hereviewsthe21-month-longcampaignandexpresseshisgratitudetopeopleconcerned.(paras.5-13)A.Hepaystribute颂词tohisopponentsintheelection.(paras5--6)B.Heexpressesgratitudetothosewhohavesupportedhiminthecampaign.(paras.7-9)C.HeoweshiselectionmostlytothebroadmassesofAmericanpeople.(paras10-13)2.Helooksaheadtohisnewjobconfidently.(paras.14-28)A.HeappealstoAmericanpeopletojoinhiminremakingthenation.(paras.14-16)B.HeurgesAmericanpeopletounite,displayinganewspiritofpatriotism,fightingpartisanship党派偏见,andstickingtotheidealsofthenation.(paras.17-20)C.Bysharingthestoryofa106-year-oldblackwomanwhohaswitnessedthenation'sprogressinthepastcentury,heconveystoallAmericanshisconfidenceinthenation.(paras.21-28)III.Theconclusion(paras29-31)HesetsnewgoalsfortheUnitedStates.PartIVDetailedDiscussionofText1.Ifthereisanyoneoutthere...whostillwondersifthedreamofourfounder'sisaliveinourtime...(para.1)outthere:outside(RememberObamawasspeakingtohissupportershere.)wonderif:Wecansaywonderwhetherorwonderif'exceptinthefollowingcaseswhenwhetherispreferred:•1)whenfollowedbyaninfinitive:Hedidn'tknowwhethertoleaveorstay.•2)whenusedasaclauseofapreposition:Theytalkedaboutwhethertoclosedownthatnuclearpowerstation.•3)whenfollowedbyornot:Youmustgowhetheryoulikeitornot.2.It'stheanswertoldbylinesthatstretchedaroundschoolsandchurches...becausetheybelievedthatthistimemustbedifferent.(para.2)telltheanswer:notacommoncollocationstretch:Hereitisusedasanintransitiveverb,meaningtocontinueforacertaindistance.•Note:Itcanalsobeusedasatransitiveverb(tostretchone'sneck,tostretchone'sarms,etc.)Paraphrase:It’stheansweroftheunprecedentedlongqueueofvotersaroundschoolsandchurches,andofpeoplewhowaitedforthreeorfourhours,manyofwhichvotedforthefirsttime.TheybelievedObamawouldmakeadifference,sotheyvotedforhimtogivethechance.3.It'stheanswerspokenby...NativeAmerican,gay,straight...(para.3)speakananswer:notacommoncollocationeitherNativeAmericans:referringtoAmericanIndiansgayandstraight:referringtothehomosexualsandheterosexuals.Homosexualsusuallyrefertomen.(Forwomen,thewordweuseislesbians.)•NotethatintheUnitedStates,gayrightsmovementhasaprettypowerfulinfluence.Therefore,politiciansoftenpayspecialattentiontothiscommunity.…wehavebeenbetterjustacollectionofindividualsoracollectionoraRedStatesandBlueStates…(para.3)Paraphrase:…wehaveneverbeenacollectionofSatesdividedandhostiletoeachother.Weareunited.(RedandBlueforRepublicanandDemocrat)美国政党•民主党（democrat)和共和党(republican)为美国两个主要政党。•民主党于1791年建党当时由部分种植园主、农民和某些玉南方奴隶主有联系的资本家组成。曾名共和党和民主共和党，1828年改称现名。1933-1953年，民主党人罗斯福和杜鲁门先后任美国总统，民主党连续执政20年，是该党最兴旺发达时期。•共和党成立于1854年，当时主要由反对扩大奴隶制的北方工商业的资本家组成。1861年，林肯就任总统，共和党首次执政，至1933年的70多年中，除16年外均为共和党执政。•此外，美国也有其他党派，如：•共产党CommunistParty;社会党SocialistParty•社会劳工党SocialLaborParty;社会工人党SocialWorkers’Party•RedStatesandBlueStates红州和蓝州•红州与蓝州是指美国近年来选举得票数分布的倾向。红州较支持共和党，蓝州则较支持民主党。一般来说，在西部沿海、东北部沿海和五大湖畔州份的选民投票倾向较支持民主党，故有蓝州之说；而南部沿海和中部较倾向于投给共和党，故有红州之说。此说法起源于2000年美国总统大选，之前则没有统一的政党颜色简称。近年来也有将红州与蓝州交界处的摇摆州称为“紫州”的说法。比较有名的有俄亥俄州、新罕布什尔州、密歇根州、宾州、艾奥瓦州、新墨西哥州等。4.…puttheirhandsonthearcofhistoryandbenditoncemoretowardthehopeofabetterday...(para.4)•Notetheuseofthewordarchere.Itmaycomefromthebeliefdrathistoricaldevelopmentdoesnottakeastraightline.Itcanbebentbyhumanbeingsonewayortheother.•puttheirhandsonthearcofhistory:…puttheirhandsonthecurvedlinesinwhichhistorymoves…5.It'sbeenalongtimecoming...(para.5)•Ithasbeenalo