高考英语阅读技巧之猜词

EnjoyEnglish,Enjoylife!高中英语阅读解题方法指导－－－猜词技巧Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading?•Ignorethemandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•Guessthemeaning词义理解题常见的题型有:1.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“…”means_____.2.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”properlymeans_____.3.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.4.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?1.Hewould______thegoldfromhisgrandma.2..Unlikehisbrother,Hobartisquite______.GuessthemissingwordsHarveyisathief:hewould______thegoldfromhisgrandmaandnotfeelguilty.stealUnlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeperson,Hobartisquite____________.ordinary-lookingplain/homelyGuessingunknownwords/vocabulary1.Thelionhasits“territory”,whichisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.(2005湖北卷）“territory”means___________anarea(that---own)动物地盘2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.strongB.determinedC.kindD.clever定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释技巧归纳1:Use__________________________利用__________________________definitionorexplanation定义或解释猜测词义Signalwords:means,refersto,becalled,beknownas,canbedefinedas,inotherwords,thatis,thatistosay,定语从句…..etc.（2005江西卷）Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots(嫩芽）,oryoungleavesoftrees.Theword“pruning”means______A.Regularcutting（修剪）oftheplantsB.FrequentwateringC.RegularuseofchemicalsD.Growingtheplantshighinthemountain技巧归纳2：Using________________________________根据________________________________commonsenseorexperience普通常识和经验技巧归纳3:利用____________________from___________________2.Theperiodofadolescence,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort.“adolescence”means___________Theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood同义/同位语similarity/appositive1.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today．“ocelot”means_________________anendangeredwildcatThelargestplayer–ShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices,suchasdeluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavoriteofthetourists.…Thewords“deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto____.A.carsinthemakingB.carrentalfirmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers技巧归纳4:利用_____________举例fromexamplesSignalwords：forexample，forinstance，suchas，like，as---as，etc.技巧归纳5：利用________________From_________________1.Thesnowwasfalling.Bigflakesdrifted(飘）withthewindlikefeathers.2.Unlikehergregarioussister,Janeisashypersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesormakenewfriends.雪花，雪片爱交际的比较或对比comparisonorcontrastSignalwords:as,like,thesameas，unlike,but，however,onthecontrary,while,instead…ect.技巧归纳6:利用__________________From__________________________(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（过分的、过量的）＋work＝overwork“工作过度”。(2)Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthemanager'seyes.dis“不”+satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied“不满意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Wordformation中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：•super-(超)mini-(极小的,微小的)•micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）•mis-（误，恶）im-（不）•un-（不，非）in-（不，非）•non-（不，非）-able（能…的）•-less（不，无）-wards(向)supermanmicrowave(超人)nonnaturalmispronouce(非自然的)homelessnonsmoker(无家可归的)rebuildeastwards(重建)Canyouguesstherightmeanings?(微波)(非烟民)(发错音)(向东)1.Isheintelligentorstupid?2.MostwomeninGhana---theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold---worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans____.A.RepeatedB.reiterated.CuneducatedD.sickclever技巧归纳7:利用___________________________From__________________________同义词或反义词的关系猜词。SynonymorAntonym.Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior（上司）,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.”Theword“presumptuous”isclosestinmeaningto“”.A．fullofrespectB．rudeandtooconfidentC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquietB技巧归纳8：利用______________________From_______________________原因与结果关系猜词fromCauseandResultSignalwords:because，since,so,such…that,so…that,ect.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest技巧归纳9:Use_____________________________利用_____________________________workedasanengineer.contextorrelatedinformation上下文的语境猜词技巧Tipsforguessingthemeaningofwords1.利用定义或解释2.利用普通常识和经验3.利用同义/同位语4.利用举例5.利用比较或对比6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）7.利用同义词或反义词8.利用原因与结果关系猜词9.利用上下文的语境Morepractice.FinishExx.1to8,thendiscusstheanswerswithyourgroup.1.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theword“audience”intheparagraphmeans____.A.studentsB.peoplewhowatchaplayC.peoplewhoactonthestageD.peoplewholistentosomething常识teacher-----students﹡﹡2.Whensomekindofpainkiller(止痛药）wasbroughtoutrecently,researchersfoundthatthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffbecausetheymadetheproductlookweakandineffective（无效的）.Theunderlinedpart“thecoloursturnedthecustomersoff”meansthatthecolours_______A.AttractedthecustomersstronglyB.HadweakeffectsonthecustomersC.TrickedthecustomersintoshoppingD.CausedthecustomerstoloseinterestD因果关系because﹡3.Collinsdeci