Sister-Carrie

TheodoreDreiser西奥多·德莱塞(1871-1945)TheodoreDreiser(1871-1945)TheodoreDreiser,photographedbyCarlVanVechten,1933Born1871-08-27,IndianaDied1945-12-28,HollywoodOccupationNovelistSquawSaraWhiteParentsSarahandJohnPaulDreiserLife•DreisercamefromastrictCatholicfamily.Hisfather-JohnPaulDreiserwasaGermanimmigrantfromMayen,andmother-SarahwasfromtheMennonitefarming,shewasdisownedformarryingJohnandconvertingtoRomanCatholicism.•DreiserwasborninTerreHauteIndiana•Theodorewasthetwelfthofthirteenchildren(theninthofthetensurviving).Theirperennial（常年的）povertyforcedfrequentmovesbetweensmallIndianatownsandChicagoinsearchofalowercostofliving.•1887HewenttoChicagoalone.•From1889to1890,TheodoreattendedIndianaUniversitybeforedroppingout.•1894HearrivedinNewYork,whereheworkedforseveralnewspapersandmagazines.在这里目睹了一边是花天酒地，一边是赤贫如洗的强烈对比，亲眼看到穷人如何受鄙视，伪善如何畅行无阻。因此他执意要对他所目睹的现状进行道德评价。•Afterproposingin1893,hemarriedSaraWhiteonDecember28,1898.•Theyultimatelyseparatedin1909,partlyasaresultofDreiser‘sinfatuationwithThelmaCudlipp,theteenagedaughterofaworkcolleague,butwereneverformallydivorced.•1895Hebegantocreate.•In1919DreisermethiscousinHelenRichardsonwithwhomhebegananaffairwithsado-masochistic|sedo‘mæsəkizm|elements.Theyeventuallymarriedon13June1944.•1927HevisitedTheSovietUnion.•1941被选为美国作家协会主席•1944获美国文学艺术学会荣誉奖•July,1945.加入美国共产党•HediedDec.28,1945,Hollywood,California.TheImportantPoints•1.Dreiser’smajorworks•2.ThemainideaofSisterCarrie•3.CommentsonTheodoreDreiser’sstyleDreiser’sMajorWorks•1)SisterCarrie•«嘉莉妹妹»•2)JennieGerhardt•«珍妮姑娘»Dreiser’sMajorWorks•3)TheTrilogyofDesire•«欲望三步曲»•(1)TheFinancier«金融家»•(2)TheTitan«巨人»•(3)TheStoic«斯尔葛»Dreiser’sMajorWorks•4)TheGenius«天才»anautobiographicalwork•5)AnAmericanTragedy•«美国悲剧»(itwasbannedinBostonin1927)•6)TheBulwark《堡垒》SisterCarrieSisterCarrie•SisterCarrie(1900)isanovelbyTheodoreDreiseraboutayoungcountrygirlwhomovestothebigcitywhereshestartsrealizingherownAmericanDreambyfirstbecomingamistresstomenthatsheperceivesassuperiorandlaterasafamousactress.IthasbeencalledthegreatestofallAmericanurbannovels.•theruralgirlCarriecametoChicago,inordertoescapepoverty•MeetasalesmanonthetrainThen,havingexperiencedthehardshipofthecity,sheeventuallybecamethesalesmanDrouet’smistress•Drouetcarrie•HurstwoodfriendsLikeherCarrieandDrouet’shouseHurstwood’sfamilyMetmanytimesmoney•Oneday,Hurstwoodfoundthathisfriendhadnotknockedthesafe.Andifhewantedtodivorcewithhiswife,somuchmoneywillbehiswife’s.Hecameupwithanevilidea.Carrie’sleaving•SheleavedwithHurstwoodtoNewYorkinanevening.becausehedeceivedherthatDrouetwasinhospitalandaskedhertoleaveimmediately.•NewYorkMoney’sdecreaseHouse’schanging123•Here,Carriemetagracefulwoman,Mrs.Vance,whowassogracefulandshecoulddowhatshewantedtodo,buywhatshewantedtobuy.•MrsVanceCarie•AmeVanceintroducedAme,anotherman,toCarrie•Eventually,CarrieandHurstwoodmovedtoashabbyhousewithlessandlessmoney.Wintercame,theyneedmoneytopayrent,coalandsoon.Carriewenttofindjobsafterher“husband”’shuntingnothingforalongtime.•Ioncetookpartinadrama,maybeIcouldfindajobofacting.•Shediditandbecameafamousactress.Shelefthernominalhusband,Husrtwood.•DrouetCarrie•HurstwoodMetherinatheaterMissedbutdidn’tbotherher,onceinawhileaskedhermoneyDiedmiserablyAmeAlonewithmoneyDidsheachievethelifeshewantedorshelostwhatshehadbefore?maybeboth.OthermanMainIdeaofSisterCarrieSisterCarrieJennieGerhardtThethemeofSisterCarrie•ItbestembodiesDreiser’snaturalisticbeliefthatmenarecontrolledandconditionedbyheredity(遗传),environmentandchance,butafewextraordinaryandunsophisticatedhumanbeingsrefusetoaccepttheirfatewordlessly,insteadstriveunsuccessfully,andtofindmeaningandpurposefortheirexistence.Carrie,asoneofsuchpeople,sensesthatsheismerelyacipher(无足轻重的人)inanuncaringworldyetseekstograspthemysteriesoflifeandtherebysatisfiesherdesiresforsocialstatusandmaterialcomfort.InSisterCarrie,Dreiserexpressedhisnaturalisticpursuitbyexpoundingthepurposelessnessoflifeandimpotence(无能为力)ofmen.•Naturalism•CriticizingAmericasocialdarkness.PeoplewerecommonlycorrodedandinfectedbyAmericanlifestyle(moneytalks)inthatperiod.•ExposingPolarizationbetweenrichandpoorandimmorality.贫富悬殊和道德沦丧•Dreiser'sgreatthemewasthetremendoustensionsthatcanariseamongambition,desire,andsocialmores.•Hedepictedreal-life•Subjectsinaharshlight.Dreiser’sStyle•Withoutgoodconstruction•deficientcharacterization•lackinimagination•Simplewords•Journalisticmethodofreiteration重复新闻手法•Techniquesinpainting(word-picture,sharpcontrast,truthincolor,movementinoutline)Writingstyle•Somepeopleviewedthathiswritingstylewasfartooloquacious(唠叨的)andcircuitous（迂曲的）forshorternarratives（叙述）；•注重人物的心理描写；•注重渲染气氛；•抓住读者的心，让读者随着小说中的故事情节发展而跌宕起伏；•以社会现实为背景材料，尊重事实；•小说中的一些情节和人物的经历有德莱赛自己人生的写照。Literaryreputation•Dreiserhadanenormousinfluenceonthegenerationthatfollowedhim.•SherwoodAnderson舍伍德．安德森writes:Heavy,heavy,thefeetofTheodore.Howeasytopicksomeofhisbookstopieces,tolaughathimforsomuchofhisheavyprose...•AlfredKazincharacterizedDreiseras“strongerthanalltheothersofhistime,andatthesametimemorepoignant;greaterthantheworldhehasdescribed,butassignificantasthepeopl