被动语态教案及习题

被动语态一构成英语中有两种语态,一种是主动语态,一种是被动语态.主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者,其构成为“be+过去分词”。eg:Mymothertakescareofmysister.(主动)Mysisteristakencareofbymymother.（被动）1.被动语态各种时态形式表一般时态进行时态完成时态现在amisaskedareamisbeingaskedarehavebeenaskedhas过去waswereaskedwaswerebeingaskedhadbeenasked将来ShouldBeWouldaskedShouldHavebeenWouldasked2.情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的位于变为被动语态时，结构为：一般式：情态动词（cancouldmaymightmustshouldneed等）+be+过去分词完成式：情态动词（cancouldmaymightmustshouldneed等）+havebeen+过去分词3.begoingto等不定式的被动语态形式begoingtobetobesureto+be+过去分词beabouttohave/hasto二被动语态使用要点1.不及物动词不能用于被动语态此类词有：appear,rise,die,happen,occur,lie等2.表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态英语中有些动词（短语动词）不是表示动作，而是表示某种状态或情况，有“拥有，容纳，适合，缺少，明白”等意思，这类动词不能用于被动语态。常见的有：lack,fit,mean,hold,have,cost,equal,become,last,fail,looklike,belongto等提示当have作“吃，接收，经历，度过”解时，虽然是行为动词但一般不用于被动语态。但当其是“得到，获得”的意思时，可用于被动语态。3.不及物动词构成的短语动词嫩南瓜否用于被动语态○1不及物动词构成的短语动词可能是及物的也可能是不及物的，，而不及物性的短语动词不可以用被动语态lookup,lookdown等。○2可用于被动语态的常用动词短语Listento,agreeon/to,payfor,laughat,speakto,Lookafter,lookfor,等○3不可用于被动语态的常用动词短语动词+名词takeplace动词+介词agreewith,getto,等4.主动形式标被动意义的词○1某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义。如look,smell,taste,feel,wear,sound○2某些行为动词后加副词也可表示被动意义。如wash.write,sell,read,open,cut,lock,play,shut,act,clean,keep○3want,need,require,stand,take,worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。这时，动名词与句中的主语有动宾关系。○4某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义Hard,easy,三．被动语态的使用范围1.不知道或不必指出动作的执行者Theglassisbroken.2.强调动作的承受者Asubwaywillbebuiltinthecity.3．It+be+过去分词+that从句。这是一种惯用结构，常用的动词有：say,report,expect,等4．Be+过去分词+不定式5.therebe+过去分词随堂小练1()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused2()1Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished3()1Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()2Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't4()1-Myshoesarewornout.A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?()2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are()3___thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do5()1Why___totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld()2Whowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby()3Where___theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am6()1Theflowers__often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow()3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended7()1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt()2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown()3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild8()1Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept()2Thepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep()3Tea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow()4Thebridges___twoyearsago.WOIt'saHaidiantopproblemoA.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt()5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung9()1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing()2Theteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled()3Oldpeoplemustbelooked^fterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento()4Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell10()1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare()2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens()3Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofuC.aremadeintoD.madeinto11()1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid()2Thepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown()3Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto12()1I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven()2Goodcare____suchthings.A.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof()3Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou13()1Theteachermadehim___hishom