分布式电源对配电网继电保护的影响研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文分布式电源对配电网继电保护的影响研究姓名：曹景亮申请学位级别：硕士专业：电力系统及其自动化指导教师：陈金富20080601I34IIAbstractAsonekindofefficient,economicalandreliableenergy,Distributedgeneration(DG)havebeenattractingintensiveattentionathomeandabroadrecently.ThefastdevelopmentofDGhasbroughtnewchallengesandinfluencestotraditionalpowersystems.Mostdistributionsystemsespeciallyruralsystemsareoperatedinaradialconfiguration,andtheprotectionofdistributionsystemsarebasedonthisconfiguration.InstallationofDGwillnotalterthetopologyofthesystem,butthepowerwillbeabletoflowinmultipledirections.Thisfundamentalchangeinoperatingprinciplecanrestricttheoperationoftheprotectionsystemcausingfalsetrippingoffeeders,blindingofprotectionandincreasedordecreasedfaultlevels.Thispaperfirstlyintroducestheprotectionsystemandfeederautomationtechnologyofdistributionnetwork.Onthesebases,typicaldistributionsystemsmodelandDGmodelarebuilt.AndthenthepaperanalyzestheeffectofthesizeandlocationofDGontherelayprotectionandautomationofthedistributionnetwork.TheinterconnectionprotectionofDGisdiscussedinthispaper.TheauthoranalyzesthemajorimpactofinterconnectiontransformerconnectionsoninterconnectionprotectionandtheislanddetectionmethodsofDG.ThenthepaperelaboratesontheproperrequiredprotectionandhowitsoperationwillpreventundeiredconsequencestoDGanddistributionnetwork.Therequiredinterconnectionprotectiveequipmentsarepresentedonthebasis.TomitigationtheimpactofDGinterconnectionthepaperputforwardapenetrationlevelcalculationmethodwithconsiderationsofshort-circuitcurrentconstraints.Theshort-circuitcalculationofdistributionnetworkwithDGadditionisanalyzedthenthepenetrationlevelcalculationmodelsareestablishedforsingleDGandmultipleDGsinterconnectionrespectively.Inthispaper,thenichegeneticalgorithmsisappliedtosolvetheobjectiveprogramming.Thefeasibilityofthemethodproposedisshownbyanexampleofa34-busdistributionsystem.Keywords:DistributedGeneration;DistributionNetwork;RelayProtection;InterconnectionProtection;PenetrationLevel111.1()200367.9%26.4%20011.25GDP13%7%2003GDP15%440020902/390%75%1/3200460%(DistributedGenerationDG)[1-4]2(ICA)DG211.1.1DGDG[5](CIGRE)DG50100MWDGIEEEDGDGDGDGIEEEEPRICIGREIEEEDG10MW[6]EPRIDGkW50MWCIGREDG50100MW[7]DGDG1.1.2DGDGDGDG3(1)()(50kW2MW)[8](2)(PhotovoltaicCellPV)[9](3)30%75%[10](4)()(),()[11]4()(30004000$)[11](5)1.1.3DG(EPRI)201025%2MWDGDG20%[12]200550006000(530%)120900200785201010%202015%101.2DG1.2.1DGDG[13]DGDGDGDGDGDG[14-15]DGDGDGDGDG[16]DGDGDGDGDG1.2.2DG80%90%6[17-18]DGDGDGDGDGDG0360°DG1.2.3DGDG[19]DGDG[20](FaultCurrentLimiterFCL)DGDG71.3DGDG(1)(2)DGDGDGDGDGDG(3)DGDG—(4)DGDGDG(5)822.12.1.1B1B2K1K2ABCL1L2lminlmaxlMNKIl122-12-1l2L1L2B1B2L2K2B2B1BlK2B11maxIIIoprelKBKI⋅=(2-1)9IrelK——1.2—1.3maxKBI⋅——Bmaxlminlminmax113()2ssIopIElXXI⋅=×−(2-2)maxsX⋅——Ω1X——/kmΩ[21]2.1.22-2B1B2B3L1L2L3L3K1kIBlB2B3kIB1B2B3B1B2B33QF3B1B2B1B2101t2t3tBlB2B31223tttttt=+∆=+∆(2-3)B1B2K1ABCL1L2L3B3ltQF3QF2QF12-2relssopLmaxreKKIIK⋅=(2-4)relK——1.15—1.25ssK——reK——LmaxI⋅——minsenkopKII⋅=minkI⋅senK1.31.5minkI⋅senK1.2[22]112.210kV“10kV”(SubstationAutomationSA)10kV[23](FeederAutomationFA)[24][25]2.2.1—(t—I)—()(t—I)()(t—I)2-3(a)ABC()(t—I)122-3(b)3t5t7t()2t4t6tABCtI1t3t5t7t2t4t6tf(A)()tsab2-3t—I(a)t—I(b)[25]—“”“”“—”(1)2-43(R1R3)F113R1~R3R1R2R3321R1R2R3F2F12-4F1R3R1R2F1R3R3R3R1R2R1R2F2R1(2)2-5F2F1RS1S2S3S42-5RS1~S4S1~S44332F1RF1RS4S4F2RS2S2F214(3)1)2)2-6(a)2-6(b)—12ABMN15[26](a)(b)2-6(a)(b)—2.2.2FTUFTUFTUFTUFTUFTU[25]1)FTUBA12NM()iA162)FTU3)FTU4)FTU5)FTUFTU6)(SOE)7)(1min)8)FTUFTU(WDG)FTUFTU2-7[27]A4-2FFTU1FTU2FTU3DASA2-2A3-1DASA2-2A3-1RMU4A4-2RMU31min17CB1FTU1FTU2FTU5FTU4CB2FTU3A2-2RMU1RMU2A3-1RMU5RMU4RMU3A4-2A4-1F2-72.3FTU1833.1DG3.1.13-1B2DGB2B2IDGB2IB2IIIset2IABCB1B2B3SDGB1IB2I3-1DGB1B2B1max1IIIssetrelKBrelsEIKIKZZ••==+(3-1)B2Cmax12IIIssetrelKrelsEIKIKZZZ••==++(3-2)sZ(pu)1Z2ZABBC(pu)dgZ(pu)sZ=0.41Z=1.092Z=0.73IrelK=1.2B1IsetI=0.81•B2IsetI=0.54•DGB2B2s1dg2s1dg1I=Z+ZZ+ZZ+Z+Z(3-3)19DGdgx′′0.25250.25BdgdgdgSZSS==dgB2dg1.49S+25I=1.09S+55.5(3-4)3-2BCDG6MVAB23-2BCB2DG3-3B1DGB1DGABCB1B2B3SDGB1ID3-3DG2014sBdg1ss1dgs1dgZ1I=Z+ZZZ+Z+Z+ZZ+Z+Zλ×(3-5)3.1.14ZAD1.2()dgB1dg0.4SI=1.788+0.436S+30+10λλ(3-6)(3-6)dgSλB1IdgS0.001λ=3-4DGDG3-4B1DG3.1.23-1BCDGB11BIB1IIIsetI=0.2•211232dgBdg1ss1dgs1dgZ1I=Z+ZZZ+Z+Z+ZZ+Z+Zλ××(3-7)3.1.13B1dg25I=2.176+0.872S+36.5+20λλ(3-8)DGB1λ1λ=3-5DGB1DG55MWB1B2B13-5BCB1DG3.1.33-6(a)BCBCBDG3-6(b)DGDG22ABCB1B2B3SDGB1IB2I(a)ABCB1B2B3SDG(b)3-6DG3.2DG3.2.1(1)3-7DGF1DGRRRS1S2S4DGS3F1F2F2R3-7DG23(2)3-7F2DGS2DGRDG3.2.2DG3-8DGDGDG3-8DGDG3-9DGAF1F2F2F2F1DG1BF1F2AF1F23-9DG23-10F1F2ADG2F1F2DGmIF1F2243-9DG3-10F1F23.2.3FTU2-7DG3-112.2FTU2FTU3CB1FTU1FTU2FTU5FTU4CB2FTU3A2-2RMU1RMU2A3-1RMU5RMU4RMU3A4-2A4-1DG3-113.33-12343-11SZ0.4(pu)BS100MVABU10.5kVDGDGDG1DG2ABF1F2()iA1′2′12mIF1F225213456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343-12343-134(km)pu(km)pu1-20.50.1595-190.40.1272-30.40.12719-200.60.1903-40.60.19020-210.50.1594-50.40.12721-220.70.2225-61.10.346-230.60.1906-70.90.28623-240.80.2547-80.40.12724-251.00.3178-90.70.2228-261.10.3499-100.50.15926-270.70.22210-110.50.15927-280.40.12711-120.40.12710-290.60.19012-130