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刘毅10000词汇学习笔记lesson1(1)1.abdomen:partofthebodybelowthechestanddiaphragm,containingthestomach.腹部abdominal(adj)腹部的anabdominaloperation腹部手术belly:(口)frontofthehumanbodyfromthewaisttothegroin;belly肚子,胃withanemptybelly空着肚子bellyout(动词用法):鼓涨,凸出Thewindbelliedoutthesails2.bereave:使某人丧失(尤指亲属)bereavesbofsbanaccidentwhichbereavedhimofhiswife使他丧失妻子的事故thebereavedhusband死了妻子的男人thebereaved丧失亲人的人bereavement(n):丧亲之痛,丧失亲人deprive:takesthawayfromsb;preventsbfromenjoyingorusingsth剥夺sb/sth的sth;阻止某人享有或使用sthdeprivesb/sthofsthdepriveofone'scivilrights剥夺某人的公民权deprivation(n):剥夺;贫困;被剥夺的事物widespreaddeprivation普遍贫困Missingtheholidaywasagreatdeprivation.错失假日是极大的损失。deprived(adj):贫困的,穷苦的deprivedchildhood贫苦的童年3.consecrate:devotesth/sbtoorreservesth/sbforaspecial(espreligious)purpose把sth/sb献给sth/sb做某种(尤其宗教)用途consecratesth/sbtosthconsecrateone'slifetotheserviceofGod献身于为神服务的事业devote:giveone'stime,energytosth/sb;dedicate为某人付出,向某人奉献,献身于devoteoneself/sthtosb/sthdevoted(adj):热爱的,非常忠实的,全心全意的adevotedson孝子Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.她深爱她的孩子。devotee(n):献身于某事物的人,热心者,某事物的迷恋者;某一宗派的拥护者adevoteeofsportdevotion(n):devotiontosth/sb深爱,忠心,忠诚4.evoke:bringtomind(afeeling,memory)引起或唤起情感,记忆produceorcause(aresponse,reaction)产生或引起(回应,反应)evocation(n):invoke:useasareasonforone'saction援用(sth)为行动依据或理由begforsthbypraying以祷告祈求某事物ThegovernmenthasinvokedtheOfficialSecretsActinhavingthebookbanned.政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书。invocation(n):invocationtosb求助于神或法律5.groove:沟,槽,纹习语:getintoagroove养成某种生活习惯furrow:犁沟,垄沟(v)(尤用被动语态)犁,使起皱纹newlyfurrowedfields刚犁过的田地6.jolt:(使某人某物)颠簸着移动Theoldbusjoltedalong旧公共汽车颠簸而行joggle:使某人/某物轻轻摇动7.obsolete:不再使用的,过时的antiquated:(通常做贬义)过时的,废弃的8.prowl:小心的悄悄移动;悄悄行经(某处);~about/around徘徊wildanimalsprowlingintheforest在森林里轻轻行走的野兽Icouldhearhimprowlingaroundinhisbedroomallnight.我听到他整夜在卧室里踱来踱去。rove:漂泊,流浪,漫游bandsofhooligansrovingroundthestreets成群结伙在街上游荡的流氓习语:havearovingeye时刻寻找着调情或做风流事的机会9.scoop:用铲、勺挖scoopsthout\up铲出,挖出shovel:用铲铲进shovelsthinto10.status:地位身份职位situation:状况,处境,局面,形势位置situationcomedy情景喜剧11.:sue对某人提起诉讼,控告某人suesbforsth控告某人要求sthIfyoudon'tcompletethework,Iwillsueyoufordamages.如果你不把工作做完,我就要控告你支付赔偿。sueforsth(常用于法庭上)请求sueforpeace请求和解indict:(就某事)控告,起诉或告发某人indictsbforsthHewasindictedformurder.他被控杀人。刘毅10000词汇学习笔记lesson1(2)1.bandit:memberofagangofarmedrobbers土匪强盗banditry(n):盗匪行径brigand:(旧)土匪,强盗(尤指在山林中抢劫旅客的)2.commemorate:keepagreatpersonoreventinpeople‘smemories纪念(伟人,大事件等);指(雕像,纪念碑等)作为对某人某事的纪念Wecommemoratethefoundingofournationwithapublicholiday。我们放假一天以庆祝国庆。Thismemorialcommemoratesthosewhodiedinthewar。这座纪念碑是纪念战争中的牺牲者的。celebrate:mark(ahapyorimportantday,event)withfestivitiesandrejoicing庆祝,祝贺celebrated(adj):著名的,驰名的3.defile:(文或修辞)makesthdirtyorimpure使某物肮脏或不纯riversdefiledbypollution受污染的河流defilement(n):污损,弄脏infect:(尤用于被动语态)使某人/某物传染,感染,污染某人/某物infectsb/sthwithThelaboratoryanimalshadbeeninfectedwiththebacteria。实验室的动物都已受到这种细菌的感染。infection(n):~withsth传染,感染theinfectionofthebodywithbacteria身体受细菌侵染。4.deviation:(~fromsth)notfollowingthenormalorexpectedcourse、plan偏离正常或原定的路线,计划;偏差deviationfromtherules违背规则deviate(v):(~fromsth)偏离路线,标准;背离deviationism(n):政治上的离经叛道delegate:(~sbtosth)挑选或委派某人作代表;挑选或委派某人执行;将(权利、职责)委托给下级,授权给;delegatesbtoaconference委托某人作代表出席会议Thenewmanagerwasdelegatedtoreorganizethedepartment。派这位新经理重新组织该部门。Thejobhadtobedelegatedtoanassistant。这项工作得交给助手去做。delegation(n):代表,委托5.fortitude:(在痛苦、危险或困难面前表现出的)勇气、坚韧和自制力Heborethepainwithgreatfortitude。他以极大得毅力忍受了痛苦。endurance:忍耐力Heshowedremarkableendurancethroughouthisillness。他生病得整个过程都表现出非凡的忍耐力。(特)endurance作定语endurancetest耐力测验endurable(adj)可忍耐的,可容忍的enduring(adj)持续的,持久的6.inconsolable:thatcannotbecomforted无法慰藉的,极为伤心的Thechildrenwereinconsolablewhentheirfatherdied。这些孩子因为丧父而悲伤不已。consolesbon/forsth安慰,慰问某人Nothingcouldconsolehimwhenhispetdied。consolatory(adj):安慰的,慰问的depress(v):makesbsadandwithoutenthusiasm使某人忧愁、消沉、沮丧;将某物压下,推下,拉下;(尤指贸易)不活跃,不景气Wetweatheralwaysdepressesme。我在阴雨天总是心灰意懒。depressapianokey按下钢琴键depresssales使销售额下降depressed(adj):忧愁的,沮丧的,消沉的depressing(adj):令人忧愁的,使人沮丧的7.nibble:(~atsth)小口咬某物,轻咬;对(好意,提议)谨慎的表示有意接受fishnibbling(at)thebait鱼轻咬鱼饵Henibbledatmyidea,butwouldnotmakeadefinitedecision。他对我的想法颇感兴趣,但不做出决定。bite:(~intosth)咬某人(某物)Shebitintotheapple。她咬了一口苹果。8.pageant:盛装的游行,露天演出的历史剧;壮丽的场面,伟观pageantry(n):壮丽的展示,盛况exhibition:展览,展览会(习语)makeanexhibitionofoneself(贬)当中出丑,出洋相9.scourge:(用以打人的)鞭子;(比喻)引起灾害的事物或人;(v)鞭打Thenewbosswasthescourgeoftheinefficient。新老板来了以后,不称职的人就遭殃。disaster:灾难,灾祸;失败;(口语)彻底失败的人或事物Asateacher,heisadisaster。他是个很糟糕的教师。disastrous(adj):灾难性的,造成灾害的,失败的10.tumble:使某人倒下或坠落(尤指身不由己或猛劲儿),但通常并无重伤tumble-down摇摇欲坠的fall:落下,跌落falldown/over:倒下(尤指突然间),倒塌fallintosth进入某种状态,变成刘毅10000词汇学习笔记lesson1(3)1.afflict:(v通常用于被动语态)使某人某物苦恼、疼痛或悲伤~sb/sthwithsthSeveredroughthasafflictedthecountryside。严重的干旱使乡村深受其害。Sheisafflictedwith(suffersfrom)arthritis。她患关节炎。affliction(n)疼痛,折磨,悲痛;造成痛苦的事物helppeopleinaffliction帮助受苦的人distress:(通常用于被动语态)给某人某物带来痛苦,悲伤,苦难,贫困,困苦,危难等;(n)极大的痛苦,悲伤,苦难等(的缘由);贫困,困苦;危难,困境Towardstheendofthemarathonseveralrunnersshowedsignsofdistress。马拉松比赛接近终点时,有些参赛者显出极难受的样子。Herdeathwasagreatdistresstothefamily。她去世后全家人极为悲痛。Ashipindistress遇险的船distressful(adj)distressing(adj)令人痛苦的,令人苦恼的2.censure:(v)严厉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