可数名词和不可数名词的用法-there-be-句型

1可数名词和不可数名词的用法▲(1)名词可分为_________________________和______________________________▲(2)可数名词能以数目来计算，可数名词有单数形式和______________________。●可数名词单数形式前面可以用不定冠词a或an修饰。如：1一个男孩_____________________2一支钢笔_____________________________3一个苹果_____________________4一名工程师___________________________●复数名词前可用some(一些)，many（许多的）,alotof/lotsof（许多的）,afew（几个），few(几乎没有，很少)，howmany(多少)等修饰。如：5一些书________________________6很多车_____________________________7很多植物______________________8几个鸡蛋_____________________________9Therearemanydifferent_______________________(plant)onEarth.10Therearesome______________________(box)intheroom.11Ihaveafew______________________(friend)here.12Therearethirty-eight_________________________(student)inourclass.13Thereareseven___________________(day)inaweek.14Shehasfew____________________(friend)there.▲(3)可数名词的单数变为复数形式的规则1.一般在词尾直接加--s。如：cat_________bag________day__________2.以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词加–es。如：class__________watch__________box_______dish(餐具)_________3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加—es。如：city__________story________________party______________＊注意：day__________monkey(猴子)______________boy_______________4.以f或fe结尾的词，先变f或fe为v，再加–es。如：leaf(树叶)_________knife________________life__________5.部分以辅音字母+o结尾的名词加—es。如：potato(马铃薯)___________tomato(西红柿)__________negro(黑人)____________hero(英雄)__________Negroesandheroesliketoeatpotatoesandtomatoes.黑人英雄喜欢吃马铃薯和西红柿。▲(4)名词单数变为复数的不规则变化1.man____________woman________________policeman____________＊注意：German(德国人)_________________American(美国人)_______________2.foot(脚)_______________tooth(牙齿)_____________3.sheep(绵羊)________________deer(鹿)________________Chinese(中国人)________________Japanese(日本人)_____________24.child(小孩)_________________mouse(老鼠)_________________▲(5)有些名词本身就是复数形式，所以作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：●people人，人们clothes衣服glasses眼镜1Therearefive___________________(people)inmyfamily.2Theclothesonthebed______________(be)Anna’s.3Howmanypeople___________(be)thereinyourfamily?4Theseglasses____________(be)new.▲(6)不可数名词，不能以数目来计算，一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式。●不可数名词可以用much(很多)，alotof/lotsof(很多)，some(一些)，howmuch(多少)，alittle(一点)，little(几乎没有)等来修饰。如：1.___________________________一点牛奶2.__________________________很多水3.___________________________一些面包4.__________________________很多作业5.Howmuch_________________(rice)wouldyoulike？6.Thereissome___________________(food)inthefridge(冰箱).7.TodayIhavealotof____________________(work)todo.8.Thereisalittle____________________(orange)inthebottle.●常用的不可数名词：water（水）,air（空气）,tea（茶）,meat（肉）,milk（牛奶）,rice（米饭）,bread（面包）,paper（纸）,food（食物,pork（猪肉）,beef（牛肉）,orange（橙汁）,energy（能源）hair（头发）news（新闻，消息）,coffee（咖啡）,weather（天气）,work,（工作）time（时间）,light（光）money（钱）,homework作业housework家务rubbish（垃圾）pollution（污染）grass（草，青草）等▲(7)不可数名词数量的表达：数词/a,an/many等+量词+of+不可数名词1.____________________________一杯牛奶2.____________________________两碗(bowl)米饭3.____________________________一瓶橙汁4.____________________________五片(piece)面包5._____________________________一杯茶6.____________________________三张纸▲(8)下列这些词可以修饰复数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词●some（一些），any（一些），alotof/lotsof（许多的）1一些牛奶_______________________2一些香蕉________________________3很多垃圾________________________4很多花__________________________5Todaythereisalotof________________________(pollution).6Therearealotof____________________(student)ontheplayground.7Thereisn’tany__________________(water)inthecup.8Therearen’tany____________________(apple)inthebox.9Ihavesome______________(tea).Shehassome__________________(cake).3▲(9)用所给名词的适当形式填空。1.ThestudentsvisitedUncleSam’sfarm(农场）lastSundayandsawalotof___________(sheep)there.2.Therearetwo_____________________(German)inourschoolthisyear.3.Samwantstohelphisparents,sohedoesalotof__________________(work).4.__________________(child)usuallyenjoyhavingicecreams.5.Wewalkwith(用)our_________________(foot).Ibrushmy______________(tooth)twiceaweek.6.Wehavefew__________________(friend)there.7.Howmany_________________(box)oforangesdoyouwanttobuy?8.---What’sinthebox?---Afew_____________________(apple)andsome________________(coffee).9.Ihavetwo____________________(knife).10.Nowmany_______________________(family)havecars.11.Weburnthingstomake______________________(energy).12.Peoplethrowawaylotsof_______________________(rubbish)everyday.Therebe句型▲(1)therebe句型表示“在某处有某物/某人”或“某时有某物”。1地球上有很多污染。________________________alotofpollution_______________________.2杯里有一些牛奶。______________________somemilk________thecup.3我家有5个人。_________________________fivepeople___________myfamily.4课室里有10个学生。________________________tenstudents__________theclassroom.▲(2)therebe句型结构●肯定句：(1)Thereis+a/an+单数名词+介词短语(2)Thereis+some/alittle/little/much/lotsof…+不可数名词+介词短语(3)Thereare+(some,many,lotsof…)+复数名词+介词短语1桌子上有一本书。_____________________________book__________thedesk.2箱子里有一个苹果。____________________________apple________thebox.3杯里有一些茶。______________________________tea_________thecup.4房里有两张桌子。___________________________twotables__________theroom.5地球上有很多不同的植物。__________________________manydifferent______________onEarth.6课室里有一些花。_________________________some___________________theclassroom.●否定句：(1)Thereis+not+a/an+单数名词+介词短语(2)Thereis+not+any…+不可数名词+介词短语(3)