Percy_Bysshe_Shelley(雪莱)

珀西·比希·雪莱Shelley(1792—1822)MaryShelleyYoungShelleyLIFESTORIES(1)6/19/1816Frankenstein,MiltonandtheComputerOnthisdayin1816theShelleys,LordByronandentouragegatheredattheVillaDiodationLakeGenevatotelltheghoststoriesthatwouldtriggerFrankenstein.Thebywaysofliteraturebeingwhattheyare,thismostlegendaryofstorm-tossedeveningshasconnectionsbackwardstoJohnMiltonandforwardtothelanguageofcomputerprogramming.11/9/1816TheDeathofHarrietWestbrook,firstwifeofPercyByssheShelleyOnthisdayin1816,HarrietWestbrookcommittedsuicidebydrowningherselfinHydePark.IfyouhadneverleftmeImighthavelived,herfinalnotetoShelleysaid,butasitisIfreelyforgiveyou&mayyouenjoythathappinesswhichyouhavedeprivedmeof....LIFESTORIES(2)12/1/1821TheMythoftheTorturedRomanticOnthisdayin1821PercyShelley'sAdonais,hiselegytoJohnKeats,waspublishedinEngland.AcornerstoneoftheRomanticmythology,thepoempaintsKeatsasAdonisinpursuitofBeautyandTruth,broughtdownbythoselessnobleandtalented?AfateShelleypredictedforhimself.LIFESTORIES(3)Shelley’sLifewealthyEtonMadShelleyOxfordTheNecessityofAtheism《无神论的必要性》Shelley’sLifeHarrietrunawaymarriageturntoLondonWilliamGodwinMaryimmoralistforcedtoleaveEnglandin1818Shelley’sLifefour-yeartroublesinItalypoorhealthfinancialproblemsrestlessmovingdeathofhistwosonsdrownedin1822,buriedatRomenearKeats1)TheNecessityofAtheism,《无神论的必然性》，writtenwheninOxfordUniversity２)QueenMab,《仙后麦布》，writtenwheninLondon.３)TheRevoltofIslam《伊斯兰的反叛》HisLiteraryWorksHisLiteraryWorks４)PrometheusUnbound,《解放了的普罗米修斯》，writtenwheninItaly.５)TheMasqueofAnarchy,《专制者的假面游行》，apoliticallyrics,writtenwheninItaly.HisLiteraryWorks６)“OdetotheWestWind”,“西风颂”writtenwheninItaly.7)ADefenceofPoetry,《诗辩》，writtenwheninItaly.GeneralWritingStyleShelleyisoneoftheleadingRomanticpoets,anintenseandoriginallyricalpoetintheEnglishlanguage.LikeBlake,hehasareputationasadifficultpoet:erudite,imagisticallycomplex,fullofclassicalandmythologicalallusions.Hisstyleaboundsinpersonificationandmetaphorandotherfiguresofspeechwhichdescribevividlywhatweseeandfeel,orexpresswhatpassionatelymovesusOdetotheWestWind:NotesWrittenintheAutumn,1819,andpublishedinthefollowingyear,thispoemhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularandbest-knownofShelley'sverses.InanoteShelleyoutlinedthecircumstancesbehindthepoem'smaking:ThispoemwasconceivedandchieflywritteninawoodthatskirtstheArno,nearFlorence,andonadaywhenthetempestuouswind,whosetemperatureisatoncemildandanimating,wascollectingthevapourswhichpourdowntheautumnalrains.Theybegan,asIforesaw,atsunsetwithaviolenttempestofhailandrain,attendedbythatmagnificentthunderandlightningpeculiartotheCisalpineregions.OdetotheWestWind:NotesⅠOwildWestWind,thoubreathofAutumn'sbeing,Thou,fromwhoseunseenpresencetheleavesdeadAredriven,likeghostsfromanenchanterfleeing,Yellow,andblack,andpale,andhecticred,Pestilence-strickenmultitudes:Othou,WhochariotesttotheirdarkwintrybedThewingedseeds,wheretheyliecoldandlow,Eachlikeacorpsewithinitsgrave,untilThineazuresisteroftheSpringshallblowHerclariono'erthedreamingearth,andfill(Drivingsweetbudslikeflockstofeedinair)Withlivinghuesandodoursplainandhill:WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;Destroyerandpreserver;hear,Ohear!ⅠOwildWestWind,thoubreathofAutumn'sbeing,Thou,fromwhoseunseenpresencetheleavesdeadAredriven,likeghostsfromanenchanterfleeing,Yellow,andblack,andpale,andhecticred,Pestilence-strickenmultitudes:Othou,WhochariotesttotheirdarkwintrybedThewingedseeds,wheretheyliecoldandlow,Eachlikeacorpsewithinitsgrave,untilThineazuresisteroftheSpringshallblowHerclariono'erthedreamingearth,andfill(Drivingsweetbudslikeflockstofeedinair)Withlivinghuesandodoursplainandhill:WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;Destroyerandpreserver;hear,Ohear!Ⅰ剽悍的西风啊,你是暮秋的呼吸,因你无形的存在,枯叶四处逃窜,如同魔鬼见到了巫师,纷纷躲避;那些枯叶,有黑有白,有红有黄,像遭受了瘟疫的群体,哦,你呀,西风,你让种籽展开翱翔的翅膀,飞落到黑暗的冬床,冰冷地躺下,像一具具尸体深葬于坟墓,直到你那蔚蓝色的阳春姐妹凯旋归家,向睡梦中的大地吹响了她的号角,催促蓓蕾,有如驱使吃草的群羊,让漫山遍野注满生命的芳香色调;剽悍的精灵,你的身影遍及四方,哦,听吧,你既在毁坏,又在保藏!StanzaIInthefirststanza,theautumnwindscattersdeadleavesandseedsontheforestsoil,wheretheyeventuallyfertilizetheearthandtakerootasnewgrowth.BothDestroyerandPreserver,thewindensuresthecyclicalregularityoftheseasons.Thesethemesofregenerationandtheinterconnectednessofdeathandlife,endingsandbeginnings,runsthroughoutOdetotheWestWind.ⅡThouonwhosestream,midthesteepsky'scommotion,Loosecloudslikeearth'sdecayingleavesareshed,ShookfromthetangledboughsofHeavenandOcean,Angelsofrainandlightning:therearespreadOnthebluesurfaceofthineairysurge,LikethebrighthairupliftedfromtheheadOfsomefierceMaenad,evenfromthedimvergeOfthehorizontothezenith'sheightThelocksoftheapproachingstorm.ThoudirgeOfthedyingyear,towhichthisclosingnightWillbethedomeofavastsepulchre,VaultedwithallthycongregatedmightOfvapours,fromwhosesolidatmosphereBlackrain,andfire,andhailwillburst:Ohear!Ⅱ在你的湍流中,在高空的骚动中,纷乱的云块就像飘零飞坠的叶子,你从天空和海洋相互交错的树丛抖落出传送雷雨以及闪电的天使;在你的气体波涛的蔚蓝色的表面,恰似酒神女祭司的头上竖起缕缕亮闪闪的青丝,从朦胧的地平线一直到苍天的顶端,全都披散着即将来临的一场暴风骤雨的发卷,你就是唱给垂死岁月的一曲挽歌,四合的夜幕,是巨大墓陵的拱顶,它建构于由你所集聚而成的气魄,可是从你坚固的气势中将会喷迸黑雨、电火以及冰雹;哦,请听!ⅢThouwhodidstwakenfromhissummerdreamsTheblueMediterranean,wherehelay,Lulledbyth