SAR成像原理与图像特征

InSAR2SAR刘国祥(西南交通大学测量工程系,四川成都,610031)[　]InSAR,InSAR———(SAR)SAR。[]SAR;;SAR;[]P237　　[]A　　[]1001-8379(2004)03-0141-03PrinciplesofImagingSARandCharacteristicsofSARImageLIUGuo-xiang(Dept.ofSurveyingEngineering,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu610031,China)Abstract:Asthesecondpartofthetutorial,thepaperwillintroducethebasicprinciplesofimagingsensorofsyntheticaper-tureradar(SAR)andthecharacteristicsofSARimage.Keywords:imagingSARsensor;principles;SARimage;imagecharacteristics1　InSAR、、。In-SAR,(SAR)SAR,。,InSARSAR,,。,SAR。(Sidelooking),,SAR。2　1。、。θ0,,ωVw,:ωV=λw(1),λ;ωhL,:ωh=λL(2)(footprint),,(backscattering),。,2,,R。,,(swath),WG:WG≈λRmwcosη(3),Rm,η。1　2　14127320049　　。,,,3,(azimuth)(slantrange)ΔXΔR,ΔY,ΔY。(2),:ΔX=Rωh=RλL(4),R。,ΔX。:ΔR=cτp2(5)ΔY=ΔRcos(90°-θi)=cτp2cos(90°-θi)(6),c,τp,θiθi。,θi,ΔR,ΔY,,,,,,。0,,,,。,,。(4)～(6),,,,ERS-1/2(C,λ=5.66cm),10m,3km,。,,,。3　3　,,,CarlWiley(Dopplerfrequencyshift)。。4。Labc,O,O,。,,(sharpening),(4)。,,ΔX:ΔX=L2(7)。,ERS-1/2,10m,5。4　　　,/(focusing)SAR,,“”。4　SARSAR,(),(a+b·i),Pixela+b·i=a2+b2ei(8)14227320049,a2+b2(),=tan-1(b/a)。SAR。,。、、、、。,。,SAR,。,SAR(),。,,(multilooking),。,InSAR,。5,R(),,ρεi,,5。SAR,,,,。,。。　　,SAR,(foreshortening)、(lay-over)、(shadowing)。3。SAR。[1]　Liu,Guoxiang.MappingofEarthDeformationswithSatelliteRadarInterferometry:AStudyofItsAccuracyandReliabilityPerformances[D].Ph.D.thesis:Dept.ofLandSurveying&Geo-Informatics,TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversity,pp.250,2003.[2]　,,,,.SAR[J].,2001,30:60-66.[3]　,,,,.In-SARDEM[J].,2001,30:336-342.[4]　,,.InSAR[J].,2001,8:10-12.[5]　.[M].:,1996.[]2004-08-06[](1968-),,,,GIS。(:40374003)。14327320049