边坡工程中监测数据场三维云图实时动态可视化方法

312Vol.31Supp.220129ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringSept.20122012041920120509(1117209050979051)(2011CDC164)(1976)[e-mail]11211(1.4430022.210098)X3DTENTENX3DP642A10006915(2012)2348209AMETHODFORTHREE-DIMENSIONALNEPHOGRAMREAL-TIMEDYNAMICVISUALIZATIONOFSAFETYMONITORINGDATAFIELDINSLOPEENGINEERINGMENGYongdong1CAIZhenglong1XUWeiya2TIANBin1ZHOUJianjun1(1.HubeiKeyLaboratoryofConstructionandManagementofHydropowerEngineeringChinaThreeGorgesUniversityYichangHubei443002China2.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterofWaterResourcesEfficientUtilizationandEngineeringSafetyHohaiUniversityNanjingJiangsu210098China)AbstractAchievingthree-dimensional(3D)real-timedynamicvisualizationofspatialmonitoringdatafieldisthekeyofsafetymonitoringonlinevisualizationanalysisintheslopeengineering.3Dnephogramisthemostdirectexpressionofthespatialmonitoringdatavisualization.Thedrawingmethodsof3Dnephogramincludesurfacerenderingandvolumerenderingandvolumerenderingisthepreferredmethodtorealizethedrawingof3Dreal-timedynamicnephogramofthespatialdatafield.Accordingtotheflexiblesceneinteractionandrichnodesformodelingthroughgeneratingthetetrahedralnetwork(TEN)geometricmodelforshowingthe3DnephogramofmonitoringdatafieldonthebasisoftheextractingcoordinatesofmonitoringpointsandformingthemonitoringdatafieldapplyingthealgorithmofspatialinterpolationtoachievethevalueofmonitoringphysicalquantityintheTENnodesandmappingthespecificcolorinspecificcolordomainvaluetogridnodesfinallythemethodofX3D-based3Dnephogramofspatialmonitoringdatavisualizationwithvolumerenderingis312•3483•proposed.Takingtheslopeofahydropowerstationandsomeaccumulationbodyforexamplethe3Dnephogramofspatialmonitoringdatareal-timedynamicvisualizationintheslopeengineeringisrealizedandthedeformationtrendandpotentialdeformationfailuremodeofmonitoringobjectisrevealed.Thesemayprovidereferencefortheapplicationofthismethodtotheslopeandundergroundsafetymonitoringfieldsinhydroelectricengineeringandgeotechnicalengineering.Keywordslopeengineeringsafetymonitoringspatialdatafieldthree-dimensionalvisualizationvolumerendering1[1]([2])[3]OpenGLDirect3D[4-6]OpenGLDirect3D[7-8][9-10]1(a)(b)1Fig.1Comparisonofdrawingmethodsofthree-dimensionaldatafieldnephogram[11-13]X3D[14]X3D2[15]Proto2X3D[15]Fig.2FilestructureofX3Dformat[15]XMLformat?xmlversion=1.0encoding=UTF8?X3Dheader!DOCTYPEX3DPUBLICISO//Web3D//DTD…X3DprofileX3Dprofile='Immersive'version='3.0'…HeadComponentcomponentlevel=''name=''/……Metadatametacontent=''name=''/……SceneNodeViewpointdescription=''position=''/Transform…TouchSensor…ROUTEfromField=''fromNode=''toField=''toNode=''/……xyzoxyzo•3484•2012X3DOpenGLDirect3DX3D2X3D(1)(3(a))TINTEN(a)TEN(b)3Fig.33Dnephogrambasisdataofmonitoringfiled(2)(3(b))TINTEN(3)X3DTINTEN(4)TINTENRGB(Color)X3DX3D[16]X3D(Anchor)(TouchSensor)(EventOut)TEN(TIN)X3D33.1[15]B-RepB-RepNurbsDelaunay(CDT)B-RepDelaunay[17]TEN(3(a))CDTTIN4312•3485•(a)(b)CDT4Fig.4TINgenerationoftypicalmonitoringsectioninoneslope3.2MySQLTENdbt_TENdbt_Tetrahedrondbt_TINdbt_Triangledbt_ControlLinedbt_dVertex161dbt_TENTable1Thestructureofdbt_TENdatatableTenIDINTTENID/TetrahedronIDsTEXTID|TinIDsTEXTTINID|SolidIDINTB-RepID2dbt_TetrahedronTable2Thestructureofdbt_TetrahedrondatatableTetrahedronIDINTID/Triangle0IDINT1IDTriangle1IDINT2IDTriangle2IDINT3IDTriangle3IDINT4ID3dbt_TINTable3Thestructureofdbt_TINdatatableTinIDINTID/TriangleIDsTEXTID|SurfaceIDINTNURBSIDisVisibleTINYINT1()0()4dbt_TriangleTable4Thestructureofdbt_TriangledatatableTriangleIDINTID/dVertexIDsTEXTID|5dbt_ControlLineTable5Thestructureofdbt_ControlLinedatatableControlLineIDINTID/dVertexIDsTEXTID|CurveIDINTNURBSID6dbt_dVertexTable6Thestructureofdbt_dVertexdatatabledVertexIDINTID/CoordinateXDOUBLEXCoordinateYDOUBLEYCoordinateZDOUBLEZ4•3486•2012(Shepard)[18-19][20]()Multi-QuadricTEN(xy)hk(xy)=h(dk)dk(xy)k11(,)[()][()]nmkkkkkkFxyahxybqxy(1)()kqxymkakbMulti-Quadric2221/21()[()()]njjjjFxyaxxyyc(12)in(2)221()[()()njjjjFxyzaxxyy221/2()]jzzc(12)in(3)cccn(xiyizi)fi(3)22221/21[()()()]nijijijijjfaxxyyzzc(12)in(4)aj(j=12n)Qjajfi(xiyizi)(4)1()(12)nijijjfaQin(5)FQA(6)111111nnnnnnffQQQQaaFQA(7)1AQF(8)p1ppfQQF(9)Qp=[QplQpn](10)Multi-Quadric5X3DIndexedFaceSetTINTENIndexedFaceSet5IndexedFaceSetVisualBasic.NetTENX3DIndexedFaceSetX3D6312•3487•IndexedFaceSetDEF=USE=ccw=truecolorIndex=!--Color--colorPerVertex=true!----coordIndex=!--Coordinate--convex=truecreaseAngle=0normalIndex=normalPerVertex=trueset_colorIndex=set_coordIndex=set_normalIndex=set_texCoordIndex=solid=true!----texCoordIndex=containerField=geometryclass=Coordinatepoint=/!----Colorcolor=/!----/IndexedFaceSet5IndexedFaceSetFig.5DescriptionoftheIndexedFaceSetnodeSceneShapeAppearanceMaterialtransparency={TransValue}//AppearanceIndexedFaceSetconvex=false!----coordIndex=012113210231031Coordinatepoint={PointCoord}/Colorcolor={ColorIndex}//IndexedFaceSet/Shape/Scene6X3DFig.6TheX3Dcodeoftetrahedron