这种观点存在多年但从未流行过

Unit9PassageAOnlineSmileyFacePassageBAgogoverGooglePassageAOnlineSmileyFaceBackgroundinformationNowadaysmanypeoplecommunicatethroughtheinternet.IfoneistalkingtohisnetfriendsinChinese,heorsheissuretocomeacrosssomenettermslike”菜鸟，大虾，美眉，GG，灌水，潜水”.ThesamehappenswithonlinecommunicationinEnglish.Peoplemayusevariouscombinationsofsignsandabbreviationswhichsoundusual,butinsomecasesmakeonlinecommunicationbigfun.Thisarticletellsyouhowoneofthesesymbolswasdevelopedandhelpsyoutocommunicatemoreeffectivelyonline.Canyoutellthemeaningofthefollowingsymbols:-D^0^^-^LOLA/S/Lpic4URASAPCyaBWTBBLBRBbrosisBFGFPassageAOnlineSmileyFaceAlloverthecountrythesedays,electronicmailmessageareconcludingwiththisoddlittlepunctuationsequenceoroneofitmanyvariants,like(paraphrase1).Theseare“smileys”,so-calledbecausewhenyoutiltyourheadtothelefttheylooklikelittlefaces.Withacolonforeyesandahyphenforanose.(paraphrase2)Thuswhenamessageendsitmeans“justkidding.”Ifitendsitmeans“I’mdepressed.”Itwas20yearsagothatScottFahlmantaughttheNethowtosmile.TheCarnegieMelloncomputerscientisthasdevotedhisprofessionallifetoartificialintelligence,thepracticeofteachingcomputershowtothinklikehumans,butthebeardscientistisperhapsbestknowforaflashofinspirationthathelpedtodefineInternetculture(translation1).Bytheearly1980’s,theComputerSciencecommunityatCarnegieMellonwasmakinguseofonlinebulletinboards.Agoodmanyofthepostswerehumorous.Theproblemwasthatifsomeonemadeajoke,afewreaderswouldfailtogetit.Thisproblemcausedsomepeopletosuggest(onlyhalfseriously)thatmaybeitwouldbeagoodideatoexplicitlymarkpoststhatwerenottobetakenseriously.Afterall,whenusingtext-basedonlinecommunication,welackthebodylanguageortone-of-voicecuesthatconveythisinformationwhenwetalkinpersonoronthephone(paraphrase3).SoonSept.19,1982,Fahlmantypedinanonlinemessage.”IhadnoideaIwasstartingsomethingthatwouldsoonpollutealltheworld’scommunicationchannels,”helaterwrote.The“smileyface”hassincebecomeastapleofonlinecommunication,allowing12-year-oldgirlsandcorporatelawyersaliketopunctuatetheirmessagewithaquicksymbolthatsays”Hey,Iamonlyjoking.”ThisconventioncaughtonquicklyaroundCarnegieMellon,andsoonspreadtootheruniversitiesandresearchlabsviathecomputernetworksoftheday.Inthetwodecadessince,thesmilingiconshavetakenthee-worldbystorm.Nowcalledemotions,shortforemotiveicons,Fahlman’soriginalsidewayssmileyfacesparkedthecreationofthousandsofvariations.(translation2)Yahoo,MicrosoftandAmericanOnlineallincorporateemotionsintotheirinstantmessagesystems,whiletelecomfirms,jewelrymakersandonlineretailershavefiledtrademarkapplicantsforproductsandslogansthatincorporateFahlman’ssmileyface.ButFahlmanhasneverseenadimefromhiscreation.”Ifitcostpeopleanickeltouseit,nobodywouldhaveusedit.Thisismylittlegifttotheworld,forbetterorworse,”hesaid.PartⅠLanguagepoints•Catchonv.tounderstand,tobecomepopular懂得，流行Eg.Thisideahasbeenaroundforageswithoutcatchingon.这种观点存在多年但从未流行过。Skateboardingcaughtonquickly.滑板很快流行起来。Conclude•V.tobringtoanend,close归结为Finish----complete----conclude(fml--infml)Eg.Giveusthetool,andwewillfinishthejob.Nothingworthdoingiscompletedinourlife.生命中永远有值得做的事情。Thearticleconcludedwitharestatementofthemajorpointspresented.这篇文章以对主旨的重述结束。Governmentrepresentativesconcludedtariffnegotiation.政府代表结束了关税协商。conveyV.Totakeorcarryfromoneplacetoanother,transport运输，传递Theyarebuildingunderseapipestoconveyoilfromthousandsmilesaway.他们正在修建海底管道以从千里之外输送石油。（continuous,regularmovementorflow）Thecompanyhasafleetoftruckstoforconveyingproductstothewholesalemarket.这家公司有一支卡车队将货物运到批发市场。（serveasamediumforthedeliveryortransmission）Cf:carry,bear,transport,transmitEg:Thetraincarriesbaggage,mailandpassengers.(supportingsthwhilemoving)运送Anenvoycamebearingthesadnews.(theeffortofsupportingaburden,implyingsthimportant)带来，标有Thesehugetankersareusedtotransportoil.(themovementofpersonsormaterialobjects,oftenoveraconsiderabledistance)运输definev.Tostatetheprecisemeaningof(awordorsenseofaword,forexampletodescribethenatureorbasicqualitiesof,explain)定义，详细说明Theirtaskwastodefinethepropertiesofanewdrug.解释新药的特性Imissthegentlehillsthatweredefinedagainstthesky.我怀念那天空衬托下轮廓分明的丘陵。depresseda.Gloomy,dejected令人失望的，沮丧的Eg.Ifyouaredepressed,youaresadandfeelthatyouenjoyanything,becauseyoursituationissodifficultandunpleasant.Theconstructionindustryisnolongerasdepressedasitwas.建筑业已经不再像以前那样令人悲观了。devotev.Togiveorapply(forexampleoneselforone’slife)entirely奉献Ifyoudevoteyourself,yourlife,oryourenergytosomething,youspendallormostofyourtimeorenergyonit.Hedecidedtodevotetherestofhislifetoscientificinvestigation.他决定将自己的余生奉献给科学研究事业。explicita.Fullyandclearlyexpressed,leavingnothingimplicit清晰的，具体的Heignoredtheseexplicitcriticismtowardshisspeech.对那些对他讲话的明显批评，他置之不理。Cf:implicit,notexpresseddirectlyorcompletely.含蓄的，暗示的ForbetterorworseWhetherthesituationorconsequencebegoodorill无论好坏InthenameofGod,I,(Name),我以上帝的名义，郑重发誓：takeyou,(Name),tobemy(husband/wife)接受你成为我的丈夫/妻子tohaveandtoholdfromthisdayforward,从今日起forbetterorworse,不论祸福forricherorpoorer,贵贱insicknessandinhealth疾病还是健康toloveandtocherish,都爱你untilwearepartedbydeath.珍视你Thisismys