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ClassificationofcoalinRussiaLink:)Bituminousandanthracitecoal1.1)First1-2lettersincoal'sgradenamemeanoneof10gradesbyvolatilematter:D=long-flamecoal(fromRussianDlinnoplamenny)G=gascoal(fromRussianGazovy)GZh=gasfatcoal(fromRussianGazovyZhirny)Zh=fatcoal(fromRussianZhirny)KZh–cokingfatcoal(fromRussianKoksovyZhirny)K=cokingcoal(fromRussianKoksovy)K2=cokingsecondcoalSS(orCCinsomesources)=weaklycakingcoal(fromRussianSlabospekayuschiysya)OS=leancakingcoal(fromRussianOtoschennySpekayuschiysya)T=meagercoal(fromRussianToschy)PA=semi-anthracitecoal(fromRussianPolu-antratsit)A=anthracitecoalApplicationsforbituminousandanthracitecoal:Forcoking–gradesG,Zh,K,OS;sometimesDandT;Forburninginboilerhouses–gradesD,G,AandPA;Forburningatelectricpowerstations–gradesSS,OSandT.Thereareusuallysomelettersornumbersaftergradelettersincoal'sname,forexample,DOMorK9.Lettersmeanclassesofcoal(byfractionsize),andnumbersmeantheleastthicknessofplasticlayerforsomegrades.1.2)Classesofcoal(byfractionsize):P=plate100mmK=large(fromRussianKrupny)50-100mmO=nut(fromRussianOrekh)25-50mmM=little(fromRussianMelky)13-25mmS=kernel(fromRussianSemechka)6-13mmSh=burgy(fromRussianShtyb)0-6mmR=ordinary(fromRussianRyadovoy)undergroundmine0-200mm,openpitmine0-300mmClassofcoalisindicatedbyoneorfewletters.Lettersofclassareindicatedrightaftergradeletters.Thefractionofthespecificcoalgradeisindicatedbyclassesinitsname=theleastvalueoftheleastclassandthelargestvalueofthelargestclass.Forexample,ASh=anthracitecoal(A)withburgyclass(Sh)GR=gascoal(G)withordinaryclass(R)DOM=long-flamecoal(D)withclass13-50mm(O=25-50mm,M=13-25mm–wetaketheleastvaluefromtheleastclass,i.e.13mmfromMandthelargestvalueoflargestclass,i.e.50mmfromO)SSSSh=weaklycakingcoal(SS)withclass0-13mm(S=6-13mm,Sh=0-6mm)TOMSSh=meagercoal(T)withclass0-50mm(O=25-50mm,M=13-25mm,S=6-13mm,Sh=0-6mm)1.3)ThecoalofgradesG,GZh,Zh,KZh,KandOScanbeclassifiedbycakingproperty.Thecakingpropertyisindicatedbyanumberthatmeanstheleastthicknessofplasticlayer(inmm).Forexample,K9=cokingcoalwiththeleastthicknessofplasticlayerin9mmKZh12=cokingfatcoalwiththeleastthicknessofplasticlayerin12mm1.4)BasiccharacteristicsofcoalgradesIndirectionfromDtoAgradethereistheloweringofhumidity,oxygenandhydrogenlevel:Humiditylowersfrom14%forDto4,5-5%forTandAgradesLevelofoxygenlowersfrom15%forDto1,5%forTandAgradesLevelofhydrogenlowersfrom5,7%forDto1,5%forTandAgradesThelevelofsulphur,nitrogenandashdoesn'tdependongrade.Thecombustionheatgrowthsfrom32,4MJ/kg(7750kcal/kg)forDgradeto36,2-36,6MJ/kg(8650-8750kcal/kg)forKgradeandthenlowersto35,4-33,5MJ/kg(8450-8000kcal/kg)forPAandAgrades.1.5)CorrespondencebetweentheRussianandtheUScoalclassificationsTheRussiangradesTheUSgradesD,GHighvolatilesub-bituminouscoalKZh,KMediumvolatilebituminouscoalOS,TLow-volatilebituminouscoalPA;T,A(partially)Semi-anthraciteAAnthraciteASubgraphite2)Lignite&Sub-bituminouscoalLignite&Sub-bituminouscoalhasonlyBletterinitsnamefollowedbynumberfrom1to3thatmeansthegroupofcoalbyitshumidity:B1–humidity40%B2–humidity30-40%B3–humidity30%俄罗斯煤分类翻译可能有误,仅供参考。(grades为“类别”,classes为“粒级”)1)烟煤与无烟煤1.1)煤类别名的前1-2个字母表示按挥发分所分的10种类别中的一种D:长焰煤G:气煤GZH:气肥煤Zh:肥煤KZh:炼焦肥煤K:焦煤K2:K2煤SS(或者CC):弱粘煤OS:瘦粘煤T:贫煤PA:半无烟煤A:无烟煤烟煤和无烟煤的使用·用于炼焦:G,Zh,K,OS级,有时D与T类;·用于锅炉房燃烧:D,G,A与PA类;·用于电厂燃烧:SS,OS和T类;在煤名称中有时出现一些字母或数字在“类别”后,比如DOM或K9。字母表示煤的粒级(根据粒度),对于一些类别,数字表示可塑层最小厚度。1.2)煤的粒级(根据粒级“sizefraction”)P:“板”,100mm;K:“大”,50-100mm;O:“螺母”,25-50mm;M:“小”,13-25mm;S:“核”,6-13mm;Sh:“细粉”,0-6mm;R:“普通”,地下开采0-200mm,露天开采0-300mm;煤的粒级由一个或几个字母表示。粒级字母在类别字母紧邻之后。在其名称中特定煤类别的粒度=最小粒级的最小值和最大粒级的最大值,例如:ASH=“细粉(Sh)”粒级的无烟煤(A);GR=“普通(R)”粒级的气煤(G);DOM=“13-50mm(O=25-50mm,M=13-25mm)”粒级的长焰煤(D);我们取最小粒级“M”的最小值,也就是13mm与最大粒级“O”的最大值,也就是50mm;SSSSH=0-13mm粒级(S=6-13mm,Sh=0-6mm)的弱粘煤;TOMSSh=0-50mm(O=25-50mm,M=13-25mm,S=6-13mm,Sh=0-6mm)粒级的贫煤;1.3)类别为G,GZh,Zh,KZh,K和OS的煤可以根据粘结性分类。粘结性由代表可塑层最小厚度(mm)的数字表示。例如:K9表示可塑层最小厚度为9mm的焦煤;KZh12表示可塑层最小厚度为12mm的炼焦肥煤。1.4)煤类别的基本特征从“D”类别到“A”类别,有逐渐降低的湿度、氧、氢等级:·湿度从“D”类别的14%降低到“T”与“A”类别的4,5-5%;·氧含量从“D”类别的15%降低到“T”与“A”类别的1,5%;·氢含量从“D”类别的5,7%降低到“T”与“A”类别的1,5%硫、氮和灰分的水平不依赖于类别。燃烧热从“D”类别的32,4MJ/kg(7750kcal/kg)增长到“K”类别的36,2-36,6MJ/kg(8650-8750kcal/kg),然后降低到“PA”类别与“A”类别的35,4-33,5MJ/kg(8450-8000kcal/kg)。1.5)俄罗斯与美国煤分类对比俄罗斯类别美国类别D,GHighvolatilesub-bituminouscoal高挥发分次烟煤KZh,KMediumvolatilebituminouscoal中等挥发分烟煤OS,TLow-volatilebituminouscoal低挥发分烟煤PA;T,A(partially)Semi-anthracite半无烟煤AAnthracite无烟煤ASubgraphite高煤化无烟煤2)褐煤与次烟煤褐煤与次烟煤在名称中只有字母“B”。后面的数字只有根据湿度表示煤组别的1、2、3,。B1–湿度40%B2–湿度30-40%B3–湿度30%粒级(sizefraction)用某种分级方法(如筛分)将粒度范围宽的矿粒群分成粒度范围窄的若干级别,这些级别称为粒级。粒级通常以它的上限尺寸(d)及下限尺寸(dl)表示,如dl~d,dl+d或d-dl。粒度是指矿粒大小的尺寸,一般以该矿粒最大长度来表示。通常物料是由各种粒度的矿粒群组成的。为了表示物料粒度的组成情况,常以若干个级别(或称粒级)所占的百分数来表示。例如某种物料中3-1毫米粒级占10%,即这一级别范围的物料最大粒度为3毫米,最小的为1毫米。这一粒级物料的含量占整个物料的10%。MadeByWang20080521
本文标题:俄罗斯煤分类方法
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