高考英语名词性从句复习

名词性从句主语1)Hisjobisimportant.2)Whathedoesisimportant.表语3)Thisishisjob.4)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.主语从句表语从句I名词性从句的种类宾语5)Idon’tlikehisjob.6)Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语7)Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.8)Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.宾语从句同位语从句名词性从句一个句子在复合句中充当主语、表语、同位语、宾语,分别叫做主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句。主语从句的一般结构：1.Thatshewillwinthematchiscertain.2.1)ItisimportantthatweteensshouldlearnEnglish.2)Itisagoodpieceofnewsthathewillattendthemeetingonbehalfofourschool.3)Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeeting4)ItseemsthatKatyisnotcomingtothisparty.宾语从句的结构在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语。1)Idon'tknowwhyheisalwayslateforschool.2)Weallagreewithwhatyousaidatthemeeting.宾语从句3)I’mnotsurewhenhewillcome.表语从句表语从句位于连系动词后。其基本结构为:1.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.2.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。1)Beijing,thecapitalofChina,ismyhometown.2)Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.3)Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbyourboss.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句that（连词）只起连接的作用,不充当句子成分that(关系代词)充当一定的句子成分(主，宾，表）同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，表示这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，表示“…的”。同位语从句的that一般不能省而定语从句中的关系代词that，当其在从句中做宾语时，常常可以省略that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别（I）试比较下面两个例句:1.Thesuggestionthatheraisedatthemeetingisverygood.2.Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldhaveplentyofexerciseisverygood.（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.2.Wemustfacethefactthatwehadspentallourmoney.3.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywasfalse.4.Ihavenodoubtthathewillcomesoon.5.Thefactisthatwehavespentallourmoney.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句表语从句II.名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表，有意义考点一：区别that,what与which考点二：区别whether与if考点三：区别what,whatever,与nomatterwhat...考点四：it作形式主语或形式宾语名词性从句考点归纳:考点1：连接词：that与what的区别1)Whathesaidmakesmehappy.2)Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语what引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。1.____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.2.Atlastthesoldiersreached_____thelocalscalledtheThreeGorges.3.Acomputercanonlydo_________youhaveinstructedittodo.Whatwhatwhatwhat1.Itiswidelyaccepted____theearthgoesaroundthesun.5.Theproblemis_____wecan’tfinishtheworkintime.6.Weexpressthehope________theywillcometovisitChinaagain.7.Weallhope________the2008OlympicGameswillbethebestever,and______theathletesandvisitorswillenjoyChinaandBeijing.thatthatthatthatthat/--that考点2.区别if与whether1.Idon’tknow__________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_______thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether4.Itdependson_______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._____youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.whetherWhetherIf请你归纳a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接连用时不用if只能使用whether的情况：请你归纳___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而____________等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。请你归纳whoeverWho考点4.who,whoeverWhowilltakethepositionisn’tdecided.1._______hastakenawaymybagisunknown.2._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhoWhoever做题三步曲：步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来，识别出名词性从句。步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词。一、单句填空用适当的连词填空。灵活运用1.Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered______theboywoulddo.what2.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.that二、语篇填空Ilikereadingverymuch.Myclassmates’questionis1______Ibegantolovereading.Actually,Ilovereadingasachild.IgrewupinacollegetownandIspentallmysummervacationsinthisuniversity.WhatImeantwas2______Iwassurroundedbylibrariesandthepeoplewholovedtoread.3______Iwenttothelibrarytoreadeverydaywasoneofmyfavoritehobbies.whenthatThatMyloveofreadingwascreditedwiththefact4_____myparentsonlyletmewatchanhourofTVaday.Ilearnedtoentertainmyselfthroughmymindandimagination.It’snotreallysurprising5_____literaturebecamemyvocation.RecentlyIhavebeenreadingalotofmulticulturalwomen’slegends.JaneGoodallwenttoAfricaandstudiedchimpsinsteadofgoingtouniversity.thatthatSheargued6______wildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainment.Afterfinishingherstory,Istillhavesomedoubts7______shecouldachievegreatsuccessonherownintheforest.LinQiaozhi,adoctor,becameaspecialistinwomen’sillnesses.ShedevotedallherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.8_____madehersucceedlateronwasthekindnessandconsiderationsheshowedtoallherpatients.9______shedidn’tchoosetohaveafamilyofherowniscleartomenow.thathowWhatWhy三、单句改错1.ExactlyhowthetomatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.how→when由1565可知，不能确定的是番茄被引入中国的“时间”，故用when引导主语从句，在从句中作时间状语。2.Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That’swhenIwasborn.”when→where医院应是她出生的“地点”，故用where引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语。3.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisisthatmymotherusedtotellme.that→what意思是“这就是我兄弟以前常常跟我说的”，在表语从句中作tell的宾语，故用连接代词what。4.Itmakesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.It→What引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，用连接代词what。5.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisish