Postman使用手册

Postman使用手册Sendingrequests--发送请求ThePostmaninterfaceisdividedintotwoareas.Thesidebarontheleftandtherequestbuilderontheright.Therequestbuilderletsyoucreatealmostanykindofrequestquickly.ThefourpartsofanHTTPrequestaretheURL,method,headers,andthebody.Postmangivesyoutoolstoworkwitheachoftheseparts.Postman界面分为两个区域。侧边栏左边和右边的请求builder。请求构建器允许您创建几乎任何类型的请求很快。四个部分的一个HTTP请求的URL,方法,头,身体。Postman给你工具来处理这些部分。URLTheURListhefirstthingthatyouwouldbesettingforarequest.TheURLinputfieldstoresURLsusedpreviouslyandwillshowanautocompletedropdownasyoubeginenteringyourURL.ClickingontheURLparamsbuttonwillopenupthekey-valueeditorforenteringURLparameters.URL的第一件事,你会设置请求。先前使用的URL输入字段存储URL并将显示自动完成下拉当你开始进入你的网址。单击URL参数按钮将打开键-值编辑器输入URL参数ParametersyouenterintheURLbarorinthekey/valueeditorwillnotautomaticallybeURL-encoded.Rightclickonapieceofselectedtext,andclickEncodeURIComponenttomanuallyencodetheparametervalue.参数输入地址栏或键/值编辑器不会自动URL编码。右击选中的文本,然后单击EncodeURIComponent手工编码参数值。Youcanindividuallyaddkey/valuepairsandPostmanwillcombineeverythingtogether.IfyourURLalreadyhasparameters-forexample,ifyouarepastingaURLfromsomeothersource,PostmanwillsplittheURLintopairsautomatically.您可以单独添加键/值对,postman会结合在一起的一切。如果你的URL已经参数——例如,如果你是粘贴URL从其他来源,postman将URL分成自动配对HeadersClickingontheheaderstogglewillshowtheheaderskey-valueeditor.Youcansetanystringastheheadername.CommonheaderspartoftheHTTPspecareavailableinanauto-completedropdownwhenyoubegintypingtheheadername.ValuesfortheContent-Typeheaderarealsoavailableinanauto-completedropdown.单击标题切换键值编辑器将显示头。你可以设置任何字符串作为标题名称。常见的HTTP标头部分规范在一个自动完成拉当你开始键入标题名称。“内容类型”头的值也可以自动完成下拉。HeaderpresetsYoucansavecommonlyusedheaderstogetherinaheaderpreset.YoucanaddaheaderpresettoyourrequestbyclickingtheAddpresetbuttonorbyselectingthepresetfromtheheaderdropdown.您可以保存常用的标题在标题预设。您可以添加一个头预定你的请求通过单击“添加预设”按钮或通过选择预设的标题下拉MethodChangingthemethodisstraightforward.Justselectthemethodfromtheselectcontrol.Therequestbodyeditorareawillchangedependingonwhetherthemethodcanhaveabodyattachedtoitornot.改变方法很简单。只是选择方法从请求主体的选择控制。编辑器区域将会改变取决于方法可以有身体连接到它。Theabilitytoaddadditionalmethodsandtogglingwhetherabodycanbeattachedtoitwillbeaddedsoon添加额外的方法和切换的能力是否身体可以被附加到它很快就会被添加RequestbodyWhileconstructingrequests,youwouldbedealingwiththerequestbodyeditoralot.Postmanlet'syousendalmostanykindofHTTPrequest(Ifyoucan'tsendsomething,letusknow!).Thebodyeditorisdividedinto4areasandhasdifferentcontrolsdependingonthebodytype.而构建请求,您将处理请求主体编辑器。postman让你送几乎任何类型的HTTP请求(如果你不能送东西,让我们知道!)。身体编辑分为4个区域,根据身体类型有不同的控制。form-datamultipart/form-dataisthedefaultencodingawebformusestotransferdata.Thissimulatesfillingaformonawebsite,andsubmittingit.Theform-dataeditorletsyousetkey/valuepairs(usingthekey-valueeditor)foryourdata.Youcanattachfilestoakeyaswell.DonotethatduetorestrictionsoftheHTML5spec,filesarenotstoredinhistoryorcollections.Youwouldhavetoselectthefileagainatthetimeofsendingarequest.多部分/格式数据是默认编码一个web表单使用传输数据。这对一个网站模拟填充表单,并提交它。格式数据编辑器允许您设置键/值对(使用键值编辑器)为您的数据,您可以将文件附加到一个关键。做注意,由于HTML5规范的限制,文件不存储在历史或集合。你会选择文件再次发送请求的时候。urlencodedThisencodingisthesameastheoneusedinURLparameters.Youjustneedtoenterkey/valuepairsandPostmanwillencodethekeysandvaluesproperly.Notethatyoucannotuploadfilesthroughthisencodingmode.Theremightbesomeconfusionbetweenform-dataandurlencodedsomakesuretocheckwithyourAPIfirst.这个编码是一样使用的URL参数。你只需要输入键/值对,postman将编码键和值正常。请注意,您不能上传文件通过这个编码模式。可能会有一些混淆格式数据和urlencoded所以一定先检查你的API。rawArawrequestcancontainanything.Postmandoesn'ttouchthestringenteredintheraweditorexceptreplacingenvironmentvariables.Whateveryouputinthetextareagetssentwiththerequest.Theraweditorletsyousettheformattingtypealongwiththecorrectheaderthatyoushouldsendwiththerawbody.YoucansettheContent-Typeheadermanuallyaswell.Normally,youwouldbesendingXMLorJSONdatahere.原始请求可以包含任何东西。postman不碰在原始编辑器中输入的字符串取代环境变量除外。无论你的文本区域发送请求。原始编辑器允许您设置格式类型以及正确的标题,你应该发送原始的身体。你也可以手动设置content-type头。通常,你会在这里发送XML或JSON数据。binarybinarydataallowsyoutosendthingswhichyoucannotenterinPostman.Forexample,image,audioorvideofiles.Youcansendtextfilesaswell.Asmentionedearlierintheform-datasection,youwouldhavetoreattachafileifyouareloadingarequestthroughthehistoryorthecollection.二进制数据允许你发送的东西你不能进入postman。例如,图像,音频或视频文件。您可以发送文本文件格式数据节。正如前面提到的,你必须将一个文件加载请求通过历史或集合。WorkingwithresponsesEnsuringthattheAPIresponseiscorrectissomethingthatyouwillbedoingalot.ThePostmanresponseviewerwillmakethistaskmucheasierforyou.确保API的反应是正确的,你会做很多。postman响应查看器将使这项任务变得更简单。AnAPIresponseconsistsofthebody,headersandthestatuscode.Postmanorganizesbodyandheadersindifferenttabs.ThestatuscodewiththetimetakenfortheAPIcallisdisplayednexttothetabs.Youcanhoveroverthestatuscodetogetmoredetailsaboutthecode.MostlyitwillbethedefaultdescriptionasmandatedbytheHTTPspecbutAPIauthorscanalsoaddcustommessages.API的反应包括身体、头和状态码。postman组织体在不同的标签和标题。时间的状态代码旁边的API调用显示选项卡。你可以悬停在状态代码更详细的代码。主要是它将默认API描述HTTP规范强制要求的,但作者也可以添加自定义消息。SavingresponsesIfarequesthasbeensavedinacollection,youcansaveresponsesforthatrequest.Oncetheresponsehasbeenreceived,clicktheSaveresponsebutton.You'llbeabletosavetheresponsewithaname.Allresponsess