定语从句关系词辨析-2 senior high G1

Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.•万事开头难。Talltreescatchmuchwind.树大招风。Younearlyscaredmetodeath!定语从句中关系词的辨析（2）•2.关系代词as和which的区别as和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分内容，先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，as/which均不可省略。Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.(1)下列情况通常只用as而不用which•1）当定语从句置于主句前面，用as不用which。•Asyousee,theChinesepeoplearehard-working.◆注意下面句子的多种表达方式：众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。•Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.•Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth,as/whichisknowntoeverybody.•Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheeartheverymonth.•Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(后两句属名词性从句范畴）•用as，it，what填空：1.____isknowntousallisthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.2.____isknowntousallthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.3.____isknowntousall,Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.PracticeKey:1.What2.It3.As2)先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态时，通常用as不用which，从句谓语通常为：beknown,besaid,bereported,beannounced,bementioned等。如果从句是主动语态，一般用which作主语。Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.她又不缺席了，这在预料之中。Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmeveryhappy.汤姆进步很快，这使我很高兴。另外，as常用在下列习惯用语中：as(it)seemslikely,as(it)oftenhappens,as(it)wasprintedout,as(it)wassaidearlier,asIremember(it),asIunderstand(it),as(it)appears,asisoftenthecase,asanybobycansee,aswehaveexpected。Jackhaswonthefirstprize,asitoftenhappens.像往常一样，杰克得了一等奖。ShehasreadwidelyinRomanticLiterature,asitappearsfromheressay.她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学，这从她的文章中可以看出来。（2）下列情况通常用which而不用as：1）关系代词代替前面主句中的宾语从句或定语从句的谓语动词后有复合宾语时。Idon’tthinkthathewillcometoseeme,whichmakesmesad.我认为他不会来看我了，这使我伤心。2）which一般用作实义动词的主语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时。Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.汤姆一次又一次上学迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。3）当非限制性定语从句是否定句时。Hepretendenottoknowme,whichIdidn’tunderstand.他假装不认识我，我真不明白。4）非限制性定语从句中的be动词不能省略时，用which;反之用as。Janetoldmeshewonthematch,whichwasalie.简告诉我她赢了这场比赛，这是谎话。（was不可省略）As(was)planned,wemetattheairport.按照计划，我们在机场相见了。（was可省略）